scholarly journals Congenital Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia – A Mosaic Trisomy Chromosome 22 and t(5;15)(p15;q15) : A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
Razan Hayati Zulkeflee ◽  
Rosline Hassan ◽  
Ariffin Nasir ◽  
Muhammad Amiro Rasheeq Mohd Radzi ◽  
Shafini Mohamed Yusoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Chromosome 22 ◽  
Malignant Cells ◽  
Leukemoid Reaction ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
Time Of Presentation ◽  
Congenital Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Mosaic Trisomy

Neonatal leukaemia is a rare blood cancer occurring in baby less than 30 days of life is characterized by proliferation of white cells without known and obvious reasons. We report a case of a 7-day- old girl diagnosed with congenital leukaemia. At the time of presentation, she was evaluated as early neonatal sepsis. However, her laboratory investigations were consistent with B cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Her cytogenetic analysis showed 46 XX trisomy 22, t(5,15) (p15,q15) and del 7 (q33,q35). She was managed with standard Interfant 06 protocol and had achieved marrow remission during the course of chemotherapy.  Our case highlights the differentiation between lymphocytic leukemoid reaction and lymphoblastic malignant cells and also congenital acute lymphoblastic leukaemia who had a good outcome from the chemotherapy.

Anti-tumour chemotherapy

1975 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 17-19
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ◽  
Cytotoxic Drugs ◽  
Malignant Cells ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Optimum Treatment ◽  
Anti Tumour Activity ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Tumour Activity

Cytotoxic drugs administered in high dosage have a much greater effect on tumour cells than on normal cells.1 In recent years great advances have been made using combinations of cytotoxic drugs: combinations in high dosage given intermittently can often produce high anti-tumour activity with low toxicity and, during periods between treatment, the normal cells recover more rapidly than the malignant cells. Major successes have been achieved in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children2 and in lymphomas, particularly in Hodgkin’s disease3 and in Burkitt’s tumour. This article reviews chemotherapy in other malignant tumours. As optimum treatment schedules have not yet been developed in most of these diseases, dosages are not quoted, but references are given.

Second neoplasms in survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with both chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. e293-e293
Author(s):  
Wen Shen Looi ◽  
Jia Wen Janine Cynthia Koh ◽  
Francis Chin ◽  
Yi Hui Jonathan Teh ◽  
Mei Yoke Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Radiation Field ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Latency Period ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Second Neoplasms ◽  
Second Malignant Neoplasms

e293 Background: Second malignant neoplasms (SMNs) are a concern in survivors of childhood cancer. Chemotherapy forms the mainstay of treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, but radiotherapy is used in certain situations. As both chemotherapy and radiotherapy can be carcinogenic, patients treated with both modalities may be at a higher risk of SMNs. This study aims to investigate the incidence of SMNs in patients treated with both chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Methods: Children aged 16 years and below diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia from 1993 to 2014 were identified in the Childhood Cancer Registry. Manual and electronic medical records were reviewed for information on demographics, management and SMNs. Results: A total of 64 patients treated with both chemotherapy and radiotherapy were identified. Seventeen (26.6%) were female and 47 (73.4%) were male. The median follow-up was 9.2 years (range, 1.1-22.0 years). The median age at diagnosis was 5.3 years, (range, 0.3-14.6 years). The median age at which radiotherapy was given was 6.6 years (range, 2.9-15.4 years). SMNs were noted in 3 of 64 (4.7%) patients. Two of 3 patients had a SMN within the radiation field (both cranial). The histological diagnoses were basal cell carcinoma and cerebral PNET. The remaining patient had an ovarian immature teratoma outside the radiation field. The latency period ranged from 8.3 years to 13.3 years (median 9.4 years) from date of diagnosis to development of SMN. The estimated 10-year cumulative incidence was 4.3%, 95% CI [0.01, 0.13] using a competing risks analysis. Radiotherapy data was available in 63 patients. Fifty-one of 63 (81.0%) received cranial irradiation, of which 3 (5.9%) also received spinal irradiation. Total body irradiation was performed in 20 of 63 (31.7%), and testicular irradiation in 17 of 63 (27.0%) patients. The orbit was targeted in 3 of 63 (4.8%) patients. Conclusions: Long term survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia treated with both chemotherapy and radiotherapy may have a significant risk of second malignant neoplasms, which may occur years after the initial diagnosis.

scholarly journals Safety of Administration of BNT162b2 mRNA (Pfizer-BioNTech) COVID-19 Vaccine in Youths and Young Adults with a History of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia and Allergy to PEG-Asparaginase

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Mark ◽  
Sumit Gupta ◽  
Angela Punnett ◽  
Julia Upton ◽  
Julia Orkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
North America ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Vaccine Administration ◽  
History Of

Vaccination is a critical tool in the prevention of COVID-19 infection for individuals and for communities. The mRNA vaccines contain polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a stabilizer. Currently in North America only the BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) mRNA vaccine is approved individuals 12 to 17 years of age. Most patients treated with contemporary regimens for acute lymphoblastic leukemia receive Peg-asparaginase and 10-30% will develop allergic reactions. Optimizing access and safety for vaccine administration for these patients critical. This report describes a process developed to support COVID vaccination in a cohort of adolescents and young adults with a history of PEG-asparaginase allergy.

scholarly journals REMISSION RATE OF PRE-B ALL (ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA) AFTER INDUCTION CHEMOTHERAPY FOLLOWING UNITED KINGDOM ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKAEMIA 2011 (UKALL 2011) TRIAL PROTOCOL

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 469-72
Author(s):  
Hafiz Muhammad Murtaza ◽  
Tariq Ghafoor ◽  
Muhammad Shaheen Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ◽  
Induction Chemotherapy ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Induction Treatment ◽  
Blast Cells

Objective: To find out the rate of remission of Pre-B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia in children at the end of induction treatment with United Kingdom Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (UKALL) 2011 chemotherapy protocol. Study Design: Prospective observational study. Place and Duration of Study: Paediatric Oncology Unit, Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from Nov 2017 to Oct 2018. Methodology: Data of newly diagnosed patients of Pre-B Acute lymphoblastic Leukaemia, between 1 and 15 years of age was analysed. Patients were divided into low and high-risk groups and treated with United Kingdom Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia 2011 induction chemotherapy on regimens A and B respectively. Bone marrow aspiration was performed at the end of induction therapy (28 days), to document their remission status. Patients having ≤5% of blast cells were categorized to be in remission state and those with >5% blast cells were not considered in a state of remission. Results: A total of 79 patients, 45 (57%) male and 34 (43%) females were enrolled. The mean age was 5.79 ± 3.59 years. Fever (86.1%) and pallor (77.2%) were the most common presentations. Fifty-three (67.1%) patients were treated with regimen A and 26 (32.9%) had regimen B chemotherapy. Febrile neutropenia and myopathy were the most common complications seen in 73 (92.4%) and 54 (71.1%) patients respectively. Eight patients (10.1%) died during induction chemotherapy. Bone marrow aspiration done at the end showed a 100% rate of remission for both regimens A and B. Conclusion: Risk-based treatment of paediatric Acute lymphoblastic Leukaemia............

Molecular analysis of chromosome 22 breakpoints in adult Philadelphia-positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Razelle Kurzrock ◽  
Mordechai Shtalrid ◽  
Jordan U. Gutterman ◽  
Charles A. Koller ◽  
Ronald Walters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ◽  
Chromosome 22

Bilateral Serous Macular Detachment as a Presenting Feature of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Malik ◽  
A. Shah ◽  
M.J. Greaney ◽  
A.D. Dick
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ◽  
Systemic Chemotherapy ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspirate ◽  
Systemic Treatment ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Serous Macular Detachment ◽  
Initial Sign ◽  
Visual Blurring

Purpose To report a case of bilateral serous maculopathy as an initial sign of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children. Methods/Results A 13-year-old girl, who presented with symptoms of visual blurring, was found to have a bilateral serous maculopathy. Haematological abnormalities (thrombocytopenia with a mild lymphocytosis) prompted further investigation. A bone marrow aspirate revealed the presence of leukemic blasts and a diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia was made. Her maculopathy completely resolved following systemic chemotherapy. Conclusions Prompt recognition of disease led to early systemic treatment and restoration of visual function.

Molecular analysis of chromosome 22 breakpoints in adult Philadelphia-positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

2008 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Razelle Kurzrock ◽  
Mordechai Shtalrid ◽  
Jordan U. Gutterman ◽  
Charles A. Koller ◽  
Ronald Walters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ◽  
Chromosome 22

scholarly journals Prevalence of early T-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia among immunophenotypically categorised acute T-cell lymphoblastic leukaemia cases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Gupta ◽  
Pinki Devi ◽  
Anjali Bishley ◽  
Sant Prakash Kataria ◽  
Rajeev Sen
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Cell Precursor ◽  
Cell Markers

Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia is the most common hematopoietic malignancy in childhood, comprising of B-cell lineage (85%) and T-cell lineage (15%). Recent studies have identified a subtype of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL) termed “early T-cell precursors (ETP)” recognised as a new provisional entity in 2016 update to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of acute leukaemia, early T-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ETP-ALL) is characterized by a unique immunophenotype and genetic profile and its origin has been found to be from migration of cells from thymus to bone marrow. Hence, our study aims at reporting the prevalence of ETP-ALL among immunophenotypically categorised acute T-cell lymphoblastic leukaemia cases. Present work is a retrospective observation of acute T-cell lymphoblastic leukemias and reporting ETP-ALL cases seen during the period of over two years (from August 2018 to August 2020) received for flowcytometry in the department of Pathology, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana. Peripheral blood showed features of acute leukemia and immunophenotyping was performed. Fourteen cases were received for flowcytometry showing features of acute leukemia and immunophenotyping was performed revealing two ETP-ALL cases with positivity for cytCD3, CD7 (T-cell markers), HLA-DR, CD13 (myeloid marker-aberrant expression), sCD34, CD117 (stem cell markers), CD19 (B-cell marker) and dim expression of CD45. This study is a supportive data for immunophenotypic identification of ETP-ALL cases in centres where genetic study and other ancillary techniques are not available. It needs to be differentiated from non ETP-ALLs as this entity has been reported to show treatment failure with the treatment modalities for non ETP-ALLs.

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