scholarly journals Molecular Epidemiology of Nosocomial Infection: Analysis of chromosomal Restriction Fragment Patterns by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis

2010 ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Afaf I Shehata ◽  
Alwaleed A. Al-Aidan ◽  
Buthainah Al-Shahrani
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Restriction Fragment ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field

scholarly journals A Novel Multiresistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Serogroup 19 Clone from Washington State Identified by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis and Restriction Fragment Length Patterns

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1575-1580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicki A. Luna ◽  
Daniel B. Jernigan ◽  
Alan Tice ◽  
James D. Kellner ◽  
Marilyn C. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Restriction Fragment ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Erythromycin Resistance ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

In 1997, a cluster of multiresistant invasive serogroup 19 pneumococcus infections, including two fatalities, was reported in Washington State. Further investigation identified other cases. Fourteen Washington Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates, four from Alaska, and eight isolates from eastern Canada with reduced penicillin susceptibility (MIC of ≥1 μg/ml) were included in the study. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) with ApaI,SacII, and SmaI restriction enzymes and IS1167 and mef restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) pattern analysis were performed. Twenty of the 26 isolates had identical or related PFGE patterns, with two or all three enzymes, and identical or related IS1167 RFLP patterns, indicating that they were genetically related. These 20 isolates contained the mef gene conferring erythromycin resistance and had identical mef RFLP patterns. The PFGE and RFLP patterns were distinct from those of six multiresistant clones previously described and suggest that a new multiresistant clone has appeared in Washington, Alaska, and eastern Canada. This newly characterized clone should be included in the Pneumococcal Molecular Epidemiology Network.

scholarly journals Class 1 Integrons Increase Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole MICs against Epidemiologically Unrelated Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Isolates

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 666-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Barbolla ◽  
Mariana Catalano ◽  
Betina E. Orman ◽  
Angela Famiglietti ◽  
Carlos Vay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Class 1 Integrons ◽  
Resistance Determinants ◽  
Class 1

ABSTRACT Twenty-five plasmid-specified antimicrobial resistance determinants common to gram-negative bacilli from nosocomial infection were investigated from 31 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates. Twenty-four clones were identified by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and in three clones that exhibited an increased trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole MIC, the sul1 determinant was found. These results support not only the higher spread of class 1 integrons compared to other mechanisms but also the potential limitation of using trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for therapy of severe S. maltophilia infections.

scholarly journals Molecular epidemiology of Salmonella enteritidis phage type 1b and 6a isolates in Portugal

2003 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 607-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. SOARES ◽  
J. MACHADO
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Main Pattern

Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis is an important serovar comprising 76% of salmonella isolates in Portugal in 2001.For better understand the epidemiology of salmonellosis, a total of 47 isolates of S. Enteritidis phage type (PT) 1b and 6a were analysed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and genomic DNA was subjected to macro restriction with XbaI. For PT1b isolates, only three different patterns were observed, and PT6a showed a total of 10 digestion patterns. Curiously, the main pattern among PT1b isolates seams quite similar to main pattern of PT6a isolates, but when the two patterns were analysed with Bionumerics, we observed that they exhibited some differences. It was concluded that, in 2001, there was one predominant pattern for PT1b and PT6a and, possibly, we were in presence of clonal strains that exists all over the country.

scholarly journals Molecular Epidemiology of Penicillin-Resistant and Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in Canada

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 804-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly A. Nichol ◽  
George G. Zhanel ◽  
Daryl J. Hoban
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Penicillin Resistance ◽  
Genotypic Variability ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Ciprofloxacin Resistance

ABSTRACT Eighty-nine penicillin- and ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates were evaluated by serotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Although penicillin-resistant isolates demonstrated considerable homogeneity, resistance to ciprofloxacin did not correlate with a reduction in genotypic variability. These results suggest that, unlike that of penicillin resistance, the spread of S. pneumoniae ciprofloxacin resistance in Canada is currently not attributable to clonal dissemination.

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