DIETS AND DIETARY INGREDIENTS SELECTION BY BROILER CHICKEN: EFFECTS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, CARCASS QUALITY AND ECONOMICS OF PRODUCTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
G. E. Onibi ◽  
A. P. Owoyemi ◽  
O. O. Akinyemi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Choice Feeding ◽  
Low Energy Diet

A total of 90day – old Hypeco broiler chicks were used in a choice-feeding trial to investigate whether meat-type chicken could select adequate nutrients that would support fast growth rate from a choice of imbalanced diet and feed ingredients. Three diets were used: a control diet (diet A= 200g/kg CP, 3031 kcal/kg ME) and two test diets; a low protein, high-energy diet (diet B=166g/kgCP, 3021 kcal/kg ME) and a low-protein, low-energy diet (diet C=168g/kgCP, 2838 kcal/kg ME). The diets were fed singly. The test diets were also used in a choice-feeding with ground maize and soya-bean meal (SBM). The study lasted for 5weeks and the response criteria included growth performance, carcass and organ characteristics, and economics of production. Weight gain and feed conversion ratio were significantly (P < 0.01) and (P < 0.001 respectively) influenced. Birds on the control diets had the highest weight gain and best feed conversion ratio. Birds on the low-protein, high-energy diet had performances not significantly (P > 0.05) lower than the control. The low-protein, low-energy diet depressed performance. Feeding the imbalanced diets (diets B and C) singly produced better performances than feeding them with a choice of dietary ingredients. Birds exhibited selection potentials by selecting the ground maize and SBM to compensate for deficiencies in the imbalanced diets but not at a level adequate enough to improve performances. Only the relative chest weight was significantly (P < 0.05) influenced amongst the carcass and organ weights measured. It decreased with decreasing feed quality. Economics of production showed that low quality and cheaper priced feeds do not necessarily give higher income and profit. The benefits of feeding single balanced diets and the possibility of decreasing the protein content of broiler finisher diets without compromising profits were revealed. It was suggested that broiler chicken appeared to select nutrients for maximize economic performance and that feed quality control should be enforced.

scholarly journals Performance, Carcass Percentage, and Production Cost for Awassi Lambs Fed High Energy Diet for Short Fattening Period

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Mysaa Ata ◽  
Fatima Al-Lataifeh ◽  
Mohammad Altarawneh
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Low Energy Diet ◽  
Awassi Lambs

An experiment was conducted to indicate the effect of feeding high energy diet for 45 days on male and female Awassi lambs’ performance, carcass percentage, and cost of production. A total of twenty four Awassi lambs (12 males, and 12 females) averaging 18.2±0.70 kg body weight were used. Lambs were assigned randomly to two different groups (groups A and B); each group had twelve lambs (6 males and 6 females) and fed two different diets (low energy diet and high energy diet). Feed intake, total gain, average daily gain and feed conversion ratio was calculated and body measurements (height and length) were recorded. Lambs were slaughtered at the end of experiment, to evaluate carcass percentage. Cost of production was calculated based on ingredients’ price at the time of the experiment. Final body weight, weight gain, and average daily gain were greater (p < 0.05); while feed conversion ratio was lower (p < 0.05) for lambs fed high energy diet than lambs fed low energy diet. Body length differences measured to be greater (p < 0.05) for male lambs fed high energy diet than other lambs. Fasted weight, hot carcass weight, and dressing percentage were higher (p < 0.05) for lambs fed the high energy diet. Cost of gain was lower (p < 0.05) for lambs in group B compared to lambs in group A. Therefore, the economical efficiency in this experiment was greater for lambs fed high energy diet than lambs fed the control diet during 45 days fattening period.

scholarly journals Effect of Heat Stress on Body Weight Gain, Heterophile-Lymphocite Ratio and Body Temperature in Broiler

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sugito S ◽  
Mira Delima
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Reduced Body

Increasing in ambient temperature inside the cage could lead to heat stress in broilers. This research was conducted to find out effects of heat stress on body weight gain, heterophile-lymphocite ratio and body temperature in chicken broiler. Twenty broilers aged 20 days (strain Cobb) were randomly divided into 2 groups. The first group was treated with no heat stress, the second one was caged in 33±1 0C temperature for 4 hours per day for 14 days. The results indicated that heat stress reduced body weight gain, increased body temperature, and changed behavior, but no effect on feed conversion ratio (FCR) and heterophile-lymphocyte ratio. It suggested that the heat stress caused detrimental effects on broiler chicken.

scholarly journals Penampilan Ayam Pedaging yang Mengkonsumsi Pakan Mengandung Tepung Kulit Nanas Disuplementasi dengan Yoghurt

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurhayati Nurhayati
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Pineapple Peel

Broiler chicken performance feed ration containing pineapple peel meal and supplemented by yoghurtABSTRACT. An experiment was conducted to determine the broiler performance feed ration contained pineapple peel meal supplemented by yoghurt. A hundred broiler chickens 2 days old were used in this study those divided into 4 treatment groups and kept for 4 weeks. The treatments were level of pineapple peel meal (PPM) into the ration; P0 = ration without PPM, P1 = ration contained 5 % of PPM, P2 = ration contained 10 % of PPM and P3 = ration contained 15 % of PPM. To neutralize high crude fiber content in the ration, chickens were supplemented by yoghurt consisted 3,3 x 108 CFU/ml of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus as much as 3 ml/kg body weight. Yoghurt was offered in the morning before feeding. Each treatment was replicated 5 times. The experiment was assigned into Completely Randomized Design with 4 treatments and 5 replications. Parameters were feed consumption, water consumption, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio. Data were analyzed by Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and significantly effect was tested by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. Results of this study showed that there was no significant difference (P0.05) among 0, 5, and 10 % the treatment groups on feed consumption, water consumption, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio. Offered 15 % of pineapple peel to the chickens did not significantly (P0.05) increased feed consumption and conversion ratio but did not significantly (P0.05) decreased body weight gain.  It is concluded that pineapple peel meal might be mixed into the broiler chicken ration up to 10 % without any significant adverse effect  on performance when they were supplemented by yoghurt as much as 3 ml/kg of body weight.

Studies on the growth and carcass composition in Daldale wether lambs. 2. The effect of dietary protein/energy ratio

1987 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 417 ◽  
Author(s):  
o Soeparn ◽  
HL Davies
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Energy Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Total N ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Protein Energy

Two experiments on the effect of dietary protein/energy ration on growth and carcass composition in Daldale wether lambs were carried out.In experiment 1, two groups of eight lambs in each group were fed in pens at a restricted intake (30 g air-dry feed per kg liveweight) either on a high protein/high energy diet (HP/HER) (20.7% crude protein) or on a low protein/high energy diet (LP/HER) (10.3% crude protein). The lambs were grown from 24.8 kg liveweight until slaughter at 37.5 kg. In experiment 2, two groups of eight lambs in each group were fed in pens a pelleted diet ad libitum, either on a high protein/high energy ration (HP/HEA) or on a low protein/high energy ratio (LP/HEA). The lambs were grown from 22.0 � 0.8 kg liveweight until slaughter at 37.5 kg. Those lambs on the HP/HE diets grew significantly faster than their counterparts on the LP/HE diets. Accordingly, animals given the HP/HE diets showed a superior feed conversion ratio than animals given the LP/HE diets. Despite these differences, there was no overall differences between treatments either at restricted or at ad libitum intake in the weight of carcass, the dressing percentage, and in the chemical composition of the carcass. In general, the carcasses produced contained a similar amount of fat (30.6%-32.9% of carcass). It was concluded that varying protein to energy ratio in diets affected liveweight gain and feed conversion ratio, but did not affect carcass composition.An experiment was conducted on the diets to investigate some aspects of digestion in the stomach and intestines at the two levels of crude protein.Dietary crude protein level had little effect upon the apparent digestibility of organic matter (OM) and neutral detergent fibre in the whole tract, the proportion of NDF digested in the stomach, the total volatile fatty acid concentration (VFA) in the rumen and the proportions of individual VFA.The flow of rates of digesta from the rumen and abomasum were also similar for the two diets. However, the proportion of the total digestion of OM occurring in the stomach decreased, while the flow of total N and crude protein (CP) (total N minus ammonia N x 6.25) to the intestines and the amounts of N and CP digested therein was higher on the HP diet.The data from the digestion experiment showed that the amount of digestible CP in the intestines per unit of digestible OM intake did not affect carcass composition.

Dietary evaluation of fermented cocoyam tuber meal (Xanthosoma sagitifolium) as energy source in place of maize in broiler chicken production

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-123
Author(s):  
B. C. Anyaegbu ◽  
A. C. Ogbonna ◽  
O. O. Adedokun ◽  
D. N. Onunkwo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion

Considering the inherent attributes of cocoyam tuber meal (Xanthosoma sagitifolium) and its appropriate utilization in chicken diets may enhance performance of broiler chicken. This study was therefore carried out to determine the dietary evaluation of fermented cocoyam tuber meal as energy source in the diets of finisher broiler production. The objectives of the study were to determine the proximate composition of raw and fermented coco yam tuber meal and their anti-nutrient content (Tannin), cyanide, saponin, phytate and oxalate); to determine the effects of replacement value of maize with different levels of fermented coco yam tuber meal on the growth performance of broilers; to determine the economics of production of broilers using such diets. The fermented cocoyam was used to replace maize at various levels to determine the best level that would give optimal performance in broilers diets. One hundred and fifty (150) agrited finisher Anak broilers at 4 week were used for this experiment. The proximate composition of fermented cocoyam meal showed that it contained 19.15% moisture, 1.30% ash, 3.56% crude protein, 5.30% crude fiber, 1.90% ether extract and 25.48% NFE. In the finisher trial, the replacements were 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of FCYM for maize in the control diet. Each finisher diet was fed to a group of 30 finisher broilers at 4 weeks using Completely Ramdomized Design (CRD). The parameters measured include: initial body weight, final body weight, body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, cost of production and carcass characteristics. In the finisher feeding trial, the broiler group on 25% FCYM recorded the highest body weight gain which was significantly different (P<0.05) from those on the control diet and the rest of the treatment groupsThe internal organs expressed as percent of the live weight were not affected by the treatments. The cost of production (N135.28) was lowest for diets 5 (100% FCYM) while the highest was the control treatment. The result of the trial have shown that 4 day fermentation of cocoyam tubers for processing broiler diets was quite an effective method of processing cocoyam tubers for use in broiler diets because fermentation reduced the anti-nutrient contents in cocoyam tubers. It was concluded that fermented cocoyam tuber meal could be used in the diet of finisher broilers up to 100% without affecting body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio as indicated in this study.

scholarly journals Performance of broiler chickens administered graded levels of bitter kola (Garcinia kola, Heckel) as feed additive

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. J. Owen ◽  
B. P. Briggs ◽  
H. H. Gunn
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Garcinia Kola ◽  
Garcinia Kola Heckel ◽  
Rivers State

A study of 28 days (4 weeks) was carried out at the Poultry Section of Rivers State University, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, Port-Harcourt Rivers State-Nigeria, to determine the effect of bitter kola (Garcinia kola, Heckel) powder as a growth promoter in broiler chicken diets. One hundred and forty-four (144) unsexed one day-old Anak strain broiler chicks were subjected to various concentrated levels of bitter kola at T1 (control), T2 (5g/kg feed), T3 (10g/kg feed), T4 (15g/kg feed), respectively using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with 36 birds/treatment and 12 birds/replicate. The parameters evaluated were weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and cost production. Data collected were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Results obtained indicated significant effect (P<0.05) in all the growth parameters evaluated. The mean total feed intake was 12.00kg, 11.85kg, 12.50kg and 11.55kg respectively for T1 , T2 , T3 and T4 . Mean total weight gain was highest in T4 (2.91kg) and least in T1 (2.57kg). On feed conversion ratio, T4 recorded the best with 3.97. It was 1 4 therefore advocated that bitter kola should be included in broiler diets as a feed additive to improve broiler chicken performance.

scholarly journals Performa Ayam Broiler yang Mengkonsumsi Kulit Nanas yang Difermentasi dengan Yogurt dalam Ransum Mengandung Gulma Obat

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurhayati Nurhayati ◽  
Berliana Berliana ◽  
Nelwida Nelwida
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Pineapple Peel

ABSTRAK. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui performa ayam broiler yang mengkonsumsi kulit nanas yang difermentasi (KNF) dengan yogurt dalam ransum mengandung gulma obat (GO). Materi yang digunakan yaitu 200 ekor ayam broiler jantan umur 2 hari, ransum mengandung gulma obat dan kulit nanas yang difermentasi dengan yogurt. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan yaitu T0 (ransum kontrol, ransum mengandung 0 % KNF dan 0 % GO), T1 (ransum mengandung 0 % KNF dan 2 % GO), T2 (ransum mengandung 7,5 % KNF dan 2 % GO), T3 (ransum mengandung 15 % KNF dan 2 % GO), dan T4 (ransum mengandung 22,5 % KNF dan 2 % GO). Peubah yang diamati adalah konsumsi ransum, pertambahan bobot badan (PBB), bobot akhir dan konversi ransum. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dan Uji kontras ortogonal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ransum yang mengandung KNF berpengaruh nyata (P<0.05) terhadap konsumsi ransum, PBB, bobot akhir, dan konversi ransum. Konsumsi dan konversi ransum meningkat dengan peningkatan pemberian KNF sedangkan bobot badan menurun. Disimpulkan bahwa pemberian tepung kulit nanas setelah difermentasi dengan yogurt sebanyak 22,5 % di dalam ransum mengandung campuran gulma obat dapat menurunkan performa ayam broiler. (Broiler chicken performance fed fermented pineapple peel by yogurt in diet containing medicinal weed)ABSTRACT. Research aimed to determine broiler performance fed different level of yoghurt - fermented pineapple peel (FPPM) in the diet containing medicinal weed. Two hundred 2 day - old male broiler chicken, diet containing medicinal weed  (MW) and yoghurt - fermented pineapple peel used in this study. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments were T0 (control, diet containing 0% FPPM and 0% MW), T1 (diet containing 0% FPPM and 2% MW), T2 (diet containing 7.5% FPPM and 2% MW), T3 (diet containing 15% FPPM and 2% MW), and T4 (diet containing 22.5% FPPM and 2% MW). The variables were feed consumption, body weight gain, live weight and feed conversion ratio. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Contrast orthogonal Test. The results showed that there was a significant effect (P<0,05) of treatment on the feed consumption, body weight gain, live weight and feed conversion ratio. Feed consumption and feed conversion ratio increased with increasing level of FPPM in the diet, however, body weight decreased. It is concluded that feeding yoghurt - fermented pineapple peels up to 22,5 % in the broiler diet containing medicinal weed decreased broiler chicken performance.

Efficiency of Centella asiatica (Gotu kola) leaf meal as feed additive in broiler chicken diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-130
Author(s):  
O. A. Ajayi ◽  
M. D. Olumide ◽  
G. O. Chioma ◽  
A. D. Ayodele
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Leaf Meal

The use of conventional supplements as feed additives has been criticized for their potential negative impact on the food chain hence, the need for viable organic alternatives. Centella asiatica has been found to contain essential phytochemicals. This study was therefore carried out to evaluate the utilization of dried Centella asiatica leaf meal (CALM) as phytogenic feed additive in broiler chicken diet. A total of 180, one-day-old Arbor acre broiler chicks were randomly allocated to six dietary treatment groups with thirty birds, at three replicates of ten chicks per replicate. Experimental diets included control basal diet + 0% CALM (T1), basal diet + antibiotics (T2). T3, T4, T5 and T6 were basal diet + 3%, 4%, 5% and 6% CALM respectively. Experiment was designed using completely randomized design. Feeding trial was carried out for 49 days. Parameters measured included growth nperformance and carcass characteristics. All data were subjected to analysis of variance using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (version 21) while treatments means were nseparated using Duncan's multiple range test at P≥0.05 level of significance. There wer significant differences in final live weight, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio. Birds fed with 4% CALM had the highest weight gain (1,683.30g) and feed intakes (3,295.30g), while T3 had the lowest weight gain (1,446.70.30g) and feed intake (3,107.80g). The breast cut showed significant (P<0.05) variation across the treatment with treatment T2 having the largest value of 31.9% and lowest value of 26.0% was in T3, thigh showed highest value in T5 and lowest value in T4. Gizzard values obtained in this finding showed significant (P<0.05) value ranged from 1.8-2.6% the highest value was obtained in T3 and lowest value in control diet. It can be concluded that the inclusion of Centella asiatica in the diets of broiler chicken has no detrimental effect on the performance characteristics of the experimental birds but improved the average body weight, feed conversion ratio and livability of the birds at 4% level of inclusion.

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