Luminescence age constraints on the Pleistocene-Holocene transition recorded in loess sequences

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Constantin ◽  
Stefana-Madalina Sacaciu ◽  
Viorica Tecsa ◽  
Anca Avram ◽  
Robert Begy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Luminescence Dating ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The Last Glacial

<p>Here we investigate the timing of the last glacial loess - Holocene soil transition recorded in loess-paleosol sequences across the Chinese Loess Plateau, the SE European loess belt and the Central Great Plains, Nebraska, USA by applying comparative luminescence dating techniques on quartz and feldspars. Equivalent dose measurements were carried out using the single-aliquot regenerative-dose (SAR) protocol on silt (4–11 μm) and sand-sized (63–90 μm and coarser fraction when available) quartz. Feldspar infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) emitted by 4–11 μm polymineral grains was measured using the post IR-IRSL<sub>290</sub> technique.</p><p>The paleoenvironmental transition from the last glacial loess to the current interglacial soil was characterized using magnetic susceptibility and its frequency dependence. Based on the OSL ages and the threshold of the magnetic signal enhancement the onset of soil formation started around Termination 1 (~17 ka in the North Atlantic) as observed in radiocarbon-dated regional benthic δ<sup>18</sup>O stacks (Stern and Lisiecki, 2014) but before the stratigraphic Pleistocene/Holocene transition dated at 11.7 ka in ice core records (Svensson et al., 2008).</p><p>No major hiatuses in ages are identified in the investigated sites. A change in the sedimentation rate is generally observed at the Pleistocene-Holocene transition and no significant sedimentation change during the Holocene. Sedimentation rates of around 6 cm/ka are determined for the Holocene soil in most of the sites investigated.</p><p>The magnetic susceptibility indicates a gradual increase in pedogenesis after Termination 1 (∼17 ka in the North Atlantic). Based on this, we infer that the upbuilding soil formation prevailed over topdown soil formation during the Pleistocene-Holocene transition in the investigated sites (Roberts, 2008).</p><p> </p><p>References</p><p>Roberts, H.M., 2008. The development and application of luminescence dating to loess deposits: a perspective on the past, present and future. Boreas 37, 483-507.</p><p>Svensson, A., Andersen, K.K., Bigler, M., Clausen, H.B., Dahl-Jensen, D., Davies, S.M., Johnsen, S.J., Muscheler, R., Parrenin, F., Rasmussen, S.O., Röthlisberger, R., Seierstad, I., Steffensen, J.P., Vinther, B.M., 2008.A 60 000 year Greenland stratigraphic ice core chronology. Climate of the Past 4, 47-57.</p><p>Stern, J.V., Lisiecki, L.E., 2014. Termination 1 timing in radiocarbon-dated regional benthic δ18O stacks. Paleoceanography 29, 1127-1142.</p><p> </p><p>This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme ERC-2015-STG (grant agreement No [678106]).</p>

Climatic Record of the Past 130,000 Years in North Atlantic Deep-Sea Core V23-82: Correlation with the Terrestrial Record

1973 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constance Sancetta ◽  
John Imbrie ◽  
N.G. Kipp
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Planktonic Foraminifera ◽  
Linear Interpolation ◽  
Stratigraphic Correlation ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The Last Glacial

AbstractQuantitative paleo-environmental analyses of planktonic foraminifera in 182 samples covering the past 130,000 years in North Atlantic deep-sea core V23-82 yield time series interpreted in terms of changing surface-water conditions. An absolute chronology is estimated by linear interpolation between levels dated by 14C or by stratigraphic correlation with other radiometrically dated climatic records. Significant events include: (1) rapid warming at 127,000 YBP, marking the start of the penultimate North Atlantic and European interglacial; (2) 124,000 YBP temperature maximum (Eemian); (3) 109,000 YBP cooling, correlated with the beginning of the last European glaciation (Würm), and representing a temporary cooling of the North Atlantic; (4) severe cooling 73,000 YBP, marking the start of the last full glacial regime in the North Atlantic; (5) short warm intervals within the last glacial regime dated at 59,000 YBP, 48,000 YBP, and 31,000 YBP; (6) rapid termination of the last glacial interval at 11,000 YBP; (7) a 6000 YBP hypsi-saline, followed by lowering salinity values presumably associated with decreasing flux of Gulf Stream waters over the core site.

scholarly journals Holocene atmospheric iodine evolution over the North Atlantic

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 2019-2030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Corella ◽  
Niccolo Maffezzoli ◽  
Carlos Alberto Cuevas ◽  
Paul Vallelonga ◽  
Andrea Spolaor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
First Record ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Holocene Thermal Maximum ◽  
Ice Cap ◽  
The North ◽  
Thermal Maximum ◽  
The North Atlantic

Abstract. Atmospheric iodine chemistry has a large influence on the oxidizing capacity and associated radiative impacts in the troposphere. However, information on the evolution of past atmospheric iodine levels is restricted to the industrial period while its long-term natural variability remains unknown. The current levels of iodine in the atmosphere are controlled by anthropogenic ozone deposition to the ocean surface. Here, using high-resolution geochemical measurements from coastal eastern Greenland ReCAP (REnland ice CAP project) ice core, we report the first record of atmospheric iodine variability in the North Atlantic during the Holocene (i.e., the last 11 700 years). Surprisingly, our results reveal that the highest iodine concentrations in the record were found during the Holocene Thermal Maximum (HTM; ∼ 11 500–5500 years before-present). These high iodine levels could be driven by marine primary productivity resulting in an Early Holocene “biological iodine explosion”. The high and stable iodine levels during this past warm period are a useful observational constraint on projections of future changes in Arctic atmospheric composition and climate resulting from global warming.

scholarly journals Concurrent Changepoints in Greenland Ice Core δ18O records and the North Atlantic Oscillation over the Past Millennium

Atmosphere ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
István Gábor Hatvani ◽  
Dániel Topál ◽  
Eric Ruggieri ◽  
Zoltán Kern
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Greenland Ice Sheet ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
Past Millennium

Structural changes, or changepoints, coinciding in multiple ice core records over the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) may reflect a widespread response of the GrIS to atmospheric forcing. Thus, to better understand how atmospheric circulation may regulate sudden changes in δ18O of Greenland precipitation, we seek synchronous changepoints occurring in ice core-derived δ18O time series across the GrIS and in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) over the past millennium. By utilizing a Bayesian changepoint detection method, four changepoint horizons were revealed: at the beginning of the 20th century, in the late-15th century, and around the turn of the 11th and 10th centuries. Although the changepoints in ice core δ18O records exhibited distinctive spatial arrangements in each horizon, all corresponded to changepoints in the NAO, indicative of a consistent atmospheric influence on GrIS surface changes over the past millennium.

scholarly journals Evidence for strong relations between the upper Tagus loess formation (central Iberia) and the marine atmosphere off the Iberian margin during the last glacial period

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Daniel Wolf ◽  
Thomas Kolb ◽  
Karolin Ryborz ◽  
Susann Heinrich ◽  
Imke Schäfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Moisture Transfer ◽  
Sea Temperature ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Atmospheric Circulation Patterns ◽  
The North ◽  
Terrestrial Environments ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Iberian Margin ◽  
The Last Glacial

Abstract During glacial times, the North Atlantic region was affected by serious climate changes corresponding to Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles that were linked to dramatic shifts in sea temperature and moisture transfer to the continents. However, considerable efforts are still needed to understand the effects of these shifts on terrestrial environments. In this context, the Iberian Peninsula is particularly interesting because of its close proximity to the North Atlantic, although the Iberian interior lacks paleoenvironmental information so far because suitable archives are rare. Here we provide an accurate impression of the last glacial environmental developments in central Iberia based on comprehensive investigations using the upper Tagus loess record. A multi-proxy approach revealed that phases of loess formation during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 2 (and upper MIS 3) were linked to utmost aridity, coldness, and highest wind strengths in line with the most intense Greenland stadials also including Heinrich Events 3–1. Lack of loess deposition during the global last glacial maximum (LGM) suggests milder conditions, which agrees with less-cold sea surface temperatures (SST) off the Iberian margin. Our results demonstrate that geomorphological system behavior in central Iberia is highly sensitive to North Atlantic SST fluctuations, thus enabling us to reconstruct a detailed hydrological model in relation to marine–atmospheric circulation patterns.

scholarly journals Centennial-to-millennial hydrologic trends and variability along the North Atlantic Coast, USA, during the Holocene

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 4300-4307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paige E. Newby ◽  
Bryan N. Shuman ◽  
Jeffrey P. Donnelly ◽  
Kristopher B. Karnauskas ◽  
Jeremiah Marsicek
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic

scholarly journals The Meridional Shift of the Midlatitude Westerlies over Arid Central Asia during the Past 21 000 Years Based on the TraCE-21ka Simulations

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (17) ◽  
pp. 7455-7478
Author(s):  
Nanxuan Jiang ◽  
Qing Yan ◽  
Zhiqing Xu ◽  
Jian Shi ◽  
Ran Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Last Deglaciation ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
External Forcings ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Last Deglaciation ◽  
The North Atlantic

AbstractTo advance our knowledge of the response of midlatitude westerlies to various external forcings, we investigate the meridional shift of midlatitude westerlies over arid central Asia (ACA) during the past 21 000 years, which experienced more varied forcings than the present day based on a set of transient simulations. Our results suggest that the evolution of midlatitude westerlies over ACA and driving factors vary with time and across seasons. In spring, the location of midlatitude westerlies over ACA oscillates largely during the last deglaciation, driven by meltwater fluxes and continental ice sheets, and then shows a long-term equatorward shift during the Holocene controlled by orbital insolation. In summer, orbital insolation dominates the meridional shift of midlatitude westerlies, with poleward and equatorward migration during the last deglaciation and the Holocene, respectively. From a thermodynamic perspective, variations in zonal winds are linked with the meridional temperature gradient based on the thermal wind relationship. From a dynamic perspective, variations in midlatitude westerlies are mainly induced by anomalous sea surface temperatures over the Indian Ocean through the Matsuno–Gill response and over the North Atlantic Ocean by the propagation of Rossby waves, or both, but their relative importance varies across forcings. Additionally, the modeled meridional shift of midlatitude westerlies is broadly consistent with geological evidence, although model–data discrepancies still exist. Overall, our study provides a possible scenario for a meridional shift of midlatitude westerlies over ACA in response to various external forcings during the past 21 000 years and highlights important roles of both the Indian Ocean and the North Atlantic Ocean in regulating Asian westerlies, which may shed light on the behavior of westerlies in the future.

scholarly journals Modeling the climatic implications of the Guliya δ<sup>18</sup>O record during the past 130 ka

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1885-1914
Author(s):  
D. Xiao ◽  
P. Zhao ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
X. Zhou
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
Precession Cycle ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Anomalous Pattern

Abstract. Using an intermediate-complexity UVic Earth System Climate Model (UVic Model), the geographical and seasonal implications and an indicative sense of the historical climate found in the δ18O record of the Guliya ice core (hereinafter, the Guliya δ18O) are investigated under time-dependent orbital forcing with an acceleration factor of 100 over the past 130 ka. The results reveal that the simulated late-summer (August–September) Guliya surface air temperature (SAT) reproduces the 23-ka precession and 43-ka obliquity cycles in the Guliya δ18O. Furthermore, the Guliya δ18O is significantly correlated with the SAT over the Northern Hemisphere (NH), which suggests the Guliya δ18O is an indicator of the late-summer SAT in the NH. Corresponding to the warm and cold phases of the precession cycle in the Guliya temperature, there are two anomalous patterns in the SAT and sea surface temperature (SST) fields. The first anomalous pattern shows an increase in the SAT (SST) toward the Arctic, possibly associated with the joint effect of the precession and obliquity cycles, and the second anomalous pattern shows an increase in the SAT (SST) toward the equator, possibly due to the influence of the precession cycle. Additionally, the summer (winter) Guliya and NH temperatures are higher (lower) in the warm phases of Guliya late-summer SAT than in the cold phases. Furthermore, the Guliya SAT is closely related to the North Atlantic SST, in which the Guliya precipitation may act as a "bridge" linking the Guliya SAT and the North Atlantic SST.

Impact of Seasonality in the North Atlantic Jet Stream and Storm Migration on the Seasonality of Hurricane Translation Speed Changes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-38
Author(s):  
Xi Guo ◽  
James P. Kossin ◽  
Zhe-Min Tan
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Jet Stream ◽  
Translation Speed ◽  
Multidecadal Variability ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
Term Variation ◽  
The North Atlantic

AbstractTropical cyclone (TC) translation speed (TCTS) can affect the duration of TC-related disasters, which is critical to coastal and inland areas. The long-term variation of TCTS and their relationship to the variability of the mid-latitude jet stream and storm migration are discussed here for storms near the North Atlantic coast during 1948-2019. Our results reveal the prominent seasonality in the long-term variation of TCTS, which can be largely explained by the seasonality in the covariations of the mid-latitude jet stream and storm locations. Specifically, significant increases of TCTS occur in June and October during the past decades, which may result from the equatorward displacement of the jet stream and poleward migration of storm locations. Prominent slowdown of TCTS is found in August, which is related to the weakened jet strength and equatorward storm migration. In September, the effects of poleward displacement and weakening of the jet stream on TCTS are largely compensated by the poleward storm migration, therefore, no significant change in TCTS is observed. Meanwhile, the multidecadal variability of the Atlantic may contribute to the multidecadal variability of TCTS. Our findings emphasize the significance in taking a seasonality view in discussing the variability and trends of near-coast Atlantic TCTS under climate change.

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