scholarly journals MONITORING OF THE UNDERMINED TERRITORIES OF KARAGANDA COAL BASIN ON THE BASIS OF SATELLITE RADAR INTERFEROMETRY

2016 ◽  
Vol III-6 ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
S. B. Ozhigina ◽  
D. V. Mozer ◽  
D. S Ozhigin ◽  
S. G. Ozhigin ◽  
O. G. Bessimbayeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Radar Interferometry ◽  
Coal Basin ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Satellite Radar ◽  
Karaganda Coal

In the Karaganda coal basin, mines are located in close proximity to each other and to the city of Karaganda and ongoing mining operations are accompanied by a dangerous process of settling the earth's surface and monitoring are essential for the region's econ-omy. Underground mining leads to the formation of voids in the rock mass, which cause displacement of the earth surface. This paper demonstrates an innovative use of the integrated approach for monitoring on the example of Karaganda coal basin, which includes estimation of the rock mass displacement using leveling profile lines and satellite radar interferometry. It is proved that satellite radar interferometry provides reliable results of surface subsidence measurements in mining areas and can be used for con-sidered sort of monitoring.

scholarly journals MONITORING OF THE UNDERMINED TERRITORIES OF KARAGANDA COAL BASIN ON THE BASIS OF SATELLITE RADAR INTERFEROMETRY

2016 ◽  
Vol III-6 ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
S. B. Ozhigina ◽  
D. V. Mozer ◽  
D. S Ozhigin ◽  
S. G. Ozhigin ◽  
O. G. Bessimbayeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Radar Interferometry ◽  
Coal Basin ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Satellite Radar ◽  
Karaganda Coal

In the Karaganda coal basin, mines are located in close proximity to each other and to the city of Karaganda and ongoing mining operations are accompanied by a dangerous process of settling the earth's surface and monitoring are essential for the region's econ-omy. Underground mining leads to the formation of voids in the rock mass, which cause displacement of the earth surface. This paper demonstrates an innovative use of the integrated approach for monitoring on the example of Karaganda coal basin, which includes estimation of the rock mass displacement using leveling profile lines and satellite radar interferometry. It is proved that satellite radar interferometry provides reliable results of surface subsidence measurements in mining areas and can be used for con-sidered sort of monitoring.

Geometry of surface deformations caused by induced shocks in the area of underground copper exploitation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Owczarz ◽  
Anna Kopeć ◽  
Dariusz Głąbicki
Keyword(s):  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Surface Displacement ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Radar Interferometry ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Surface Displacements ◽  
Satellite Radar

<p>The level of intensity of induced seismic phenomena occurring in areas of mining activity is very diverse. Induced shocks may be directly related to the exploitation carried out or to mining and tectonic factors. In the case of impact on the surface, two types of mining tremors are distinguished: energetically weak shocks, not causing surface deformation, and shocks exceeding a certain energy level, which cause terrain deformations. Surface displacements are the most common form of the effects of underground mining operations, including induced seismicity. Geological research uses Sentinel-1 imagery to determine the geometry of surface displacements that were caused by induced shocks by satellite radar interferometry. In this research four induced shocks with magnitude M>4.0 was used, which occurred in the Legnica-Glogow Copper District in the Rudna mine. This area is one of the most seismically active places in Poland due to the underground exploitation of copper ore. For calculations, the differential satellite radar interferometry (DInSAR) method was used. The DInSAR technique allowed the determination of surface displacement towards the Line of Sight (LOS) between two images acquired at different times (before and after induced shock) with millimeter accuracy. In the presented research calculations were carried out separately for observations acquired in descending and ascending orbits. The Sentinel-1 satellites are a constellation of two radar satellites that observe the surface of lands and oceans at a time interval of 6 days. Therefore, 6 days, 12 days, 18 days and 24 days were assumed as the time intervals between the images. Vertical displacements were calculated based on the generated LOS displacement maps. In addition, charts of subsidence in the N-S and W-E directions were prepared, 3D models of subsidence were made, and deformation geometry was analyzed for individual shocks. As a result of the research, the spatial extent of deformation in the horizontal surface was determined: N-S and W-E, which in both directions was over 2 km. However, surface displacements caused by induced shocks reached values up to 10 cm.</p>

scholarly journals Occurrence of Linear Discontinuous Deformations in Upper Silesia (Poland) in Conditions of Intensive Mining Extraction—Case Study

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1897
Author(s):  
Piotr Strzałkowski ◽  
Katarzyna Szafulera
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Tectonic Structure ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Tectonic Faults ◽  
Mining Conditions ◽  
The Subject

Currently, linear discontinuous deformations in mining areas are an important issue, both due to the frequency of their occurrence and the threat they pose to general safety. This paper presents a case study of an occurrence of such a deformation. The analyses of the geological and mining conditions, as well as the conducted calculations presented herein, indicate that the cause of the deformation was the occurrence of high-value horizontal tensile strains. It was triggered by mining exploitation carried out with caving in three seams at depths between 200 and 545 m. An additional factor conductive to the creation of the deformation was the tectonic structure of the rock mass. The subject matter of the paper is significant given the growing number of discontinuous linear deformations occurring on the surface due to underground mining—even if the mining was conducted at great depths. They were formed as a result of intensive underground mining operations and the occurrence of high-value deformations. These deformations were particularly dangerous to building structures on the surface, which were often damaged. For this reason, it was worthwhile to make arrangements regarding the correlation between the occurrence of the deformations and the values and the distribution of continuous deformations caused by underground extraction, as well as the existence of tectonic faults.

scholarly journals Evolution of Secondary Deformations Captured by Satellite Radar Interferometry: Case Study of an Abandoned Coal Basin in SW Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Blachowski ◽  
Anna Kopec ◽  
Wojciech Milczarek ◽  
Karolina Owczarz
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Radar Data ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Coal Basin ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Surface Deformations ◽  
New Development ◽  
Satellite Radar ◽  
Underground Water Table ◽  
Coal Fields

The issue of monitoring surface motions in post-mining areas in Europe is important due to the fact that a significant number of post-mining areas lie in highly-urbanized and densely-populated regions. Examples can be found in: Belgium, the Czech Republic, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain, the United Kingdom, as well as the subject of this study, the Polish Walbrzych Hard Coal Basin. Studies of abandoned coal fields show that surface deformations in post-mining areas occur even several dozen years after the end of underground coal extraction, posing a threat to new development of these areas. In the case of the Walbrzych area, fragmentary, geodetic measurements indicate activity of the surface in the post-mining period (from 1995 onward). In this work, we aimed at determining the evolution of surface deformations in time during the first 15 years after the end of mining, i.e., the 1995–2010 period using ERS 1/2 and Envisat satellite radar data. Satellite radar data from European Space Agency missions are the only source of information on historical surface movements and provide spatial coverage of the entirety of the coal fields. In addition, we attempted to analyze the relationship of the ground deformations with hydrogeological changes and geological and mining data. Three distinct stages of ground movements were identified in the study. The ground motions (LOS (Line Of Sight)) determined with the PSInSAR (Persistent Scatterer Interferometry) method indicate uplift of the surface of up to +8 mm/a in the first period (until 2002). The extent and rate of this motion was congruent with the process of underground water table restoration in separate water basins associated with three neighboring coal fields. In the second period, after the stabilization of the underground water table, the surface remained active, as indicated by local subsidence (up to −5 mm/a) and uplift (up to +5 mm/a) zones. We hypothesize that this surface activity is the result of ground reaction disturbed by long-term shallow and deep mining. The third stage is characterized by gradual stabilization and decreasing deformations of the surface. The results accentuate the complexity of ground motion processes in post-mining areas, the advantages of the satellite radar technique for historical studies, and provide information for authorities responsible for new development of such areas, e.g., regarding potential flood zones caused by restoration of groundwater table in subsided areas.

scholarly journals Features of the Working Area Aerogasdynamics with the Direct-Flow Ventilation Scheme

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurbek Spatayev ◽  
Gulmira Sattarova ◽  
Assel Nurgaliyeva ◽  
Lidiya Balabas
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Longwall Face ◽  
Dynamic State ◽  
Coal Basin ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Direct Flow ◽  
Air Leaks ◽  
Effective Ventilation ◽  
Ventilation Scheme ◽  
Karaganda Coal

Abstract To control rock pressure in the Karaganda coal basin, various technological schemes are used for mining and developing coal seams. At the same time, in order to form healthy and safe working conditions at workplaces in coal mines in the course of mining operations, it is necessary to ensure effective ventilation of the development and breakage faces. When solving the problem of aeration of stopes, the authors of the article propose to take into account air leaks through the collapsed coal-rock mass of the goaf when controlling gas emission of an working area. For this purpose, the gas-dynamic state of the goaf has been studied under various conditions of ventilation: when isolating the longwall face goaf, when demolishing the supported ventilation working, when the amount of air supplied to the longwall face is changed and for refreshing, as well as a combination of these options. Experimental studies have been carried out in the mines of the Karaganda coal basin. This article took into account the features of the working area aerogasdynamics with the direct-flow ventilation scheme. As a result of the study, a quasi-network model of the working area and an algorithm of calculating air leaks through the collapsed goaf massif have been developed.

Satellite Radar Interferometry: New Technologies for Satellite Monitoring of Mining Areas and Displacements of Natural and Man-Made Objects

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 515-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. O. Mikhailov ◽  
E. A. Kiseleva ◽  
E. I. Smol’yaninova ◽  
P. N. Dmitriev ◽  
V. I. Golubev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Radar Interferometry ◽  
Satellite Monitoring ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Satellite Radar

scholarly journals Correction: Blachowski, J., et al. Evolution of Secondary Deformations Captured by Satellite Radar Interferometry: Case Study of an Abandoned Coal Basin in SW Poland. Sustainability 2019, 11, 884

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 913
Author(s):  
Jan Blachowski ◽  
Anna Kopeć ◽  
Wojciech Milczarek ◽  
Karolina Owczarz
Keyword(s):  
Radar Interferometry ◽  
Coal Basin ◽  
Sw Poland ◽  
Satellite Radar ◽  
Published Paper

The authors would like to make the following corrections about the published paper [...]

scholarly journals Methodology of modeling nonlinear geomechanical processes in blocky and layered rock masses on models made of equivalent materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 542-552
Author(s):  
Boris Zuev
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Similarity Criterion ◽  
Nonlinear Problems ◽  
Rock Masses ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Initial Field ◽  
Reliable Determination ◽  
Nonlinear Geomechanical Processes

The research purpose is to develop a methodology that increases the reliability of reproduction and research on models made of equivalent materials of complex nonlinear processes of deformation and destruction of structured rock masses under the influence of underground mining operations to provide a more accurate prediction of the occurrence of dangerous phenomena and assessment of their consequences. New approaches to similarity criterion based on the fundamental laws of thermodynamics; new types of equivalent materials that meet these criteria; systems for the formation of various initial and boundary conditions regulated by specially developed computer programs; new technical means for more reliable determination of stresses in models; new methods for solving inverse geomechanical problems in the absence of the necessary initial field data have been developed. Using the developed methodology, a number of complex nonlinear problems have been solved related to estimates of the oscillatory nature of changes in the bearing pressure during dynamic roof collapse processes; ranges of changes in the frequency of processes during deformation and destruction of rock mass elements, ranges of changes in their accelerations; parameters of shifts with a violation of the continuity of the rock mass under the influence of mining: secant cracks, delaminations, gaping voids, accounting for which is necessary to assess the danger of the formation of continuous water supply canals in the water-protection layer.

scholarly journals Simulation Possibilites of the Post-Mining Goafs Impact on the Deformations Induced by Next Underground Mining Operations with Use of the Cellular Automata Method

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sikora Paweł
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Upper Silesian Coal Basin ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Further Development

Abstract Underground mining operations in the area of a rock mass affected by previous exploitation may cause additional deformations to appear on the surface. The size of these deformations can be significant, and their character is often non-linear. The nature of these deformations cannot be justified solely by the impact of current mining operations. At the same time, the predictive method of S. Knothe, widely used in Poland, does not explicitly include these types of phenomena. In the area of intensive and long-term mining exploitation, such as the Upper Silesian Coal Basin, the practical possibility of simulating this occurrence may be helpful in the planning of new mining exploitation under construction objects. Today we are usually limited to numerical modelling methods like finite difference method (FDM). This one base on the principle of mechanical similarity. The theoretical usefulness of method (and its similar) has already been proven many times. The main impediment to its practical application is the lack of recognition of the rock mass in terms of its mechanical properties. The presented method is a new approach to the possibility of modelling the subject phenomenon. The method has not been used in practical forecasting mining area deformation caused by underground deposits mining. It’s characterized by a huge potential for further development.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document