scholarly journals Anonymous Revier Tsunami Risk perception in Southern Italy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anonymous
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Tsunami Risk

scholarly journals Tsunami risk perception in Southern Italy: first evidence from a sample survey

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Cerase ◽  
Massimo Crescimbene ◽  
Federica La Longa ◽  
Alessandro Amato
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Tsunami Hazard ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Civil Protection ◽  
North East ◽  
Tsunami Risk ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Way

Abstract. According to a deep-rooted conviction, the occurrence of a tsunami in the Mediterranean Sea would be very rare. However, in addition to the catastrophic event of Messina and Reggio Calabria (1908) and the saved danger for the tsunami occurred on Cycladic sea in 1956, 44 events are reported in the Mediterranean Sea between 1951 and 2003, and other smaller tsunamis occurred off Morocco, Aegean and Ionian seashores between 2017 and 2018. Such events, that are just a little part of the over 200 historically events reported for the Mediterranean (Maramai, Brizuela & Graziani, 2014) should remind geoscientists, civil protection officers, media and citizens that 1) tsunami hazard in the Mediterranean is not negligible, and 2) tsunamis come in all shapes and colours, and even a small event can result in serious damages and loss of lives and properties. Recently, a project funded by the European Commission (TSUMAPS-NEAM, Basili et al., 2018) has estimated the tsunami hazard due to seismic sources in the NEAM region (one of the four ICG coordinated by the UNESCO IOC) finding that a significant hazard is present in most coasts of the area, particularly in those of Greece and Italy. In such a scenario, where low probability and high uncertainty match with poor knowledge and familiarity with tsunami hazard, risk mitigation strategies and risk communicators should avoid undue assumptions about public’s supposed attitudes and preparedness, as these may results in serious consequences for the exposed population, geoscientists, and civil protection officers. Hence, scientists must carefully shape their messages and rely on well-researched principled practices rather than on good intuitions (Bostrom, & Löfstedt, 2003). For these reasons, the Centro Allerta Tsunami of the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (hereinafter CAT-INGV) promoted a survey to investigate tsunami’s risk perception in two pilot regions of Southern Italy, Calabria and Apulia, providing a stratified sample of 1021 interviewees representing about 3.2mln people living in 183 coastal municipalities of two regions subjected (along with Sicily) to relatively high probability to be hit by a tsunami. Results show that people’s perception and understanding of tsunami are affected by media accounts of large tsunamis of 2004 (Sumatra) and 2011 (Tohoku, North East Japan): television emerged as the most relevant source of knowledge for almost 90 % of the sample, and the influence of media also results in the way tsunami risk is characterized. Risk perception appears to be low: for almost half of the sample the occurrence of a tsunami in the Mediterranean sea is considered quite unlikely. Furthermore, the survey’s results show that the word tsunami occupies a different semantic space with respect to the Italian traditional headword maremoto, with differences among sample strata. In other words, the same physical phenomenon would be understood in two different ways by younger, educated people and elders with low education level. Also belonging to different coastal areas appears to have a significant influence on the way tsunami hazard is conceived, having a stronger effect on risk characterization, for instance the interviewees of Tyrrhenian Calabria are more likely to associate tsunami risk to volcanoes with respect to other considered coastlines. The results of this study provide a relevant account of the issues at a stake, also entailing important implication both for risk communication and mitigation policies.

Tsunami risk perception along the Tyrrhenian coasts of Southern Italy: the case of Marsili volcano

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 437-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gravina Teresita ◽  
Mari Nicola ◽  
Farina Luca ◽  
Calabria Pierfrancesco
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Tsunami Risk

scholarly journals Tsunami risk perception in southern Italy: first evidence from a sample survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 2887-2904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Cerase ◽  
Massimo Crescimbene ◽  
Federica La Longa ◽  
Alessandro Amato
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Tsunami Hazard ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
People’S Perception ◽  
Tsunami Risk ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Way

Abstract. The Italian Tsunami Alert Centre of the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (Centro di Allerta Tsunami, hereinafter CAT-INGV) supported a computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI) survey to investigate tsunami risk perception in two pilot regions of southern Italy. The survey was carried out on a stratified sample of 1021 interviewees representing about 3.2 million people living in 183 coastal municipalities of the two regions, namely Calabria and Apulia. The main goal of this research is to verify whether and how people's perception of tsunami hazard compares to the results of (PTHA) – probabilistic tsunami hazard assessment (TSUMAPS-NEAM project; Basili et al., 2018). As shown by the results of this project, both investigated regions are characterised by high tsunami hazard. Nonetheless, the long return time of such events could lead people to consider the occurrence of a tsunami in the Mediterranean Sea to be very unlikely. The survey results reveal that people's risk perception is low: for almost half of the whole sample the occurrence of a tsunami in the Mediterranean Sea is considered quite unlikely, with a clear difference between Apulia and Calabria. In the latter region the risk perception is much higher than in the former, probably due to the shorter time elapsed since the last event. Also, belonging to different coastal areas1 appears to have a significant influence on the way tsunami hazard is conceived, having a stronger effect on risk characterisation: the interviewees of Tyrrhenian Calabria are indeed more likely to associate tsunami risk with volcanoes than the Ionian citizens. This is coherent considering the presence of active volcanoes and related tsunami precedents in the Tyrrhenian. Television emerged as the most relevant source of knowledge for almost 90 % of the sample, and the influence of media also results in the way tsunami risk is characterised. In particular, the survey showed that people's perception and understanding of tsunamis are affected by media accounts of large events, such as the 2004 Sumatra and the 2011 Japan tsunamis. At the same time, it is evident that the risk posed by smaller events is underrated. Furthermore, the survey's results show that the word “tsunami” occupies a different semantic space in comparison to the Italian traditional headword maremoto, with differences among sample strata. In other words, the same physical phenomenon would be understood in two different ways by younger, educated people and elders with a low education level. The results of this study, although limited to two regions, provide a first assessment of tsunami risk perception in Italy, also entailing important consequences for both risk communication practice and mitigation policies.

Tsunami risk perception in Central and Southern Italy, 2021

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Cugliari ◽  
Massimo Crescimbene ◽  
Andrea Cerase ◽  
Alessandro Amato ◽  
Loredana Cerbara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Tsunami Hazard ◽  
Tyrrhenian Sea ◽  
Central Mediterranean ◽  
Tsunami Risk ◽  
Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Assessment

<p>The tsunami risk perception survey is promoted by the Tsunami Alert Centre of the National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology, operating within the Italian System for Tsunami Alert (SiAM) with the Civil Protection Department and ISPRA, and acting as Tsunami Service Provider in the NEAMTWS.</p><p>Conducting studies on tsunami risk perception is important in order to obtain data on population’s knowledge and awareness, and understanding people’s perception of tsunami risk. These data are going to be added to those from two previous surveys on tsunami risk perception being issued in 2018 and 2020, to integrate the available knowledge on these issues and will provide publics, experts and policy makers with relevant tools to <strong>implement risk mitigation policies</strong>. </p><p>The third phase of the survey was completed in January 2021, administering a <strong>total of 4,207 questionnaires</strong> to the population living on the coastal areas of <em>Sicily, Campania, Latium and Sardinia</em>, <strong>in addition to the 1,635 interviewees</strong> considered in previous surveys.</p><p>The survey used a semi-structured questionnaire consisting of 27 items, with closed alternative questions, and four sets of Likert scale questions. The questionnaire was optimized for <em>CATI</em> administration, taking into account the need for conciseness and comprehensibility of the questions.</p><p>All the studied regions are located in the central Mediterranean basin (including central and southern Tyrrhenian Sea, Sardinian Sea, Sicily Channel), some of which are characterized by <strong>high tsunami hazard</strong>, and in some cases they have been affected by recorded tsunamis in a close or distant past. Some regions are located in areas where potential seismic tsunami sources are present, others surround waters where active volcanoes exist, both on islands (such as <em>Stromboli</em>, Vulcano) and below the sea (<em>Marsili, Palinuro</em>). </p><p>In addition, the four studied regions have a <strong>high risk exposure</strong> due to the <strong>high density of population living on</strong>, or visiting the coastal areas for tourism. In the areas where the questionnaire was administered, five highly populated regional capitals are located, including <em>Palermo, Messina, Naples, Rome and Cagliari</em>, together with other important towns (such as <em>Catania, Siracusa, Trapani, Salerno, Olbia</em> etc.). Moreover, the coastal shores involved in the survey, live of a <strong>significant tourist affluence</strong> in the summer period (and not only), with many tourist facilities and large hotels located along the coasts.</p><p>The survey's main aim is to analyze the perception of tsunami risk by the coastal population and to correlate levels of tsunami risk perception with scientific data from <em>probabilistic tsunami hazard assessment</em> (PTHA) for the considered coastal area. We will present some preliminary results of this last survey, with a comparison with the previous analyses on other regions in southern Italy.</p>

Tsunami risk perception in southern Italy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Crescimbene ◽  
Andrea Cerase ◽  
Alessandro Amato ◽  
Loredana Cerbara ◽  
Lorenzo Cugliari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Physical Phenomenon ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Unexpected Result ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Tsunami Risk

<p>We present the results of an ongoing research for assessing tsunami risk perception in southern Italy. The study is motivated by the need of addressing a sound communication strategy for tsunami risk reduction, related to the activities of the Tsunami Alert Centre (CAT) of INGV, operating within the framework of the Italian civil protection system. The area of the second step of this study includes five regions of Italy (Basilicata, Calabria, Molise, Puglia, Sicily), facing on Adriatic, Ionian and Tyrrhenian seas, located in one of the most hazardous areas of the Mediterranean. In all the area the memory of relevant tsunamis is loose, since the last destructive event dates back to 1908 (due to the Messina-Reggio Calabria M~7 earthquake). The main goal of this study is to verify how people’s perception of tsunami risk compares with the hazard assessed by scientific data, and which are the main factors controlling people’s knowledge and awareness. We analysed a sample of more than 1,600 interviewees representing about 4 million people living in the coastal municipalities of the five considered regions. Results show that risk perception appears to be generally low, with significant differences among different areas, likely due to the the time elapsed since the last events. </p><p>The survey results for the first two investigated regions (Calabria and Puglia, see Cerase et al., NHESS, 2019) showed that people’s perception and understanding of tsunamis are affected by media accounts of the mega-tsunamis of Sumatra 2004 and Japan 2011. At the same time, the risk posed by small tsunamis is basically underrated or neglected, posing some critical questions for risk mitigation strategies, particularly in touristic areas. Furthermore, the survey’s results show that for lay people the word ‘tsunami’ has a different meaning with respect to the Italian traditional word ‘maremoto’, implying that the same physical phenomenon would be understood in two different ways by younger, educated people and elders with low education level. In addition, people have high expectations from authorities, CPAs, research institutions about warnings. Moreover, living in different coastal areas appears to have a significant influence on the way tsunami hazard is perceived: Interviewees of Tyrrhenian Calabria are more likely to associate tsunami risk to volcanoes with respect to those living in the Ionian coastal areas, coherently with the presence of Aeolian volcanic islands and feared submarine volcanoes in the Tyrrhenian. A somehow unexpected result is that TV emerges as the most relevant source of knowledge for 90% of the sample. Some categories declared to prefer getting early warnings through broadcast media and sirens rather than receiving by SMS or apps, suggesting the need for redundancy and modulation of EW messages. We will present an update of the survey which is presently ongoing, related to the five regions. These results could help in addressing risk communication and mitigation policies.</p>

Resilience and seismic risk perception at school: a geoethical experiment in Aiello Calabro, southern Italy

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (S2) ◽  
pp. 569-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco De Pascale ◽  
Marcello Bernardo ◽  
Francesco Muto ◽  
Dante Di Matteo ◽  
Valeria Dattilo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Seismic Risk Perception

scholarly journals Pengaruh Persepsi Risiko Bencana Tsunami dan Citra Destinasi Terhadap Niat Berkunjung Kembali Wisatawan ke Pantai Anyer Banten

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-290
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nur Ali Darajat ◽  
Fitri Rahmafitria ◽  
Reiza Miftah Wirakusuma
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Destination Image ◽  
Direct Influence ◽  
Tsunami Risk ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
Intention To Return ◽  
Intention To Revisit

This study aims to explore the effect of tsunami risk perception and destination image on the intention of returning tourists. The data collection technique used purposive sampling which was distributed to 171 tourists who had visited Anyer Beach. Hypothesis testing was carried out using multiple linear regression through the SPSS 26 for windows program. The results showed that the perception of tsunami risk and the image of the destination in Anyer Beach had a negative effect on the intention to return to Anyer Beach. Although there is no direct influence of perception of tsunami risk on intention to revisit, this study found that the image of the destination was able to reduce the level of tourists' perception of tsunami risk, so that they were willing to revisit disaster-prone destinations.

scholarly journals The Influence of Knowledge and Education in Public Risk Perception. A Case Study in Calabria (Southern Italy)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Coscarelli ◽  
Loredana Antronico ◽  
Francesco De Pascale ◽  
Francesca Condino
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Statistical Interpretation ◽  
The World ◽  
Public Risk ◽  
Population Vulnerability ◽  
Perception Survey

Climate change is increasing the occurrence of disastrous events in the world, but several disparities in population vulnerability are being registered. One of the causes of these variances is different public risk perception also due to the degree of education and knowledge of the population. In this study, some of the results obtained in a risk perception survey are presented. The survey was carried out in an area of Calabria (Southern Italy) hit by geo-hydrological events that have occurred in recent years with damage to roads, tourism facilities and private houses. A statistical interpretation of the results highlights the importance of education and knowledge to risk perception on the part of the population investigated.

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