scholarly journals Review of Evaluation of Arctic sea-ice drift and its dependency on near-surface wind and sea-ice concentration and thickness in the coupled regional climate model HIRHAM-NAOSIM

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anonymous
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
Sea Ice Concentration ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Ice Drift ◽  
Ice Concentration ◽  
Sea Ice Drift

scholarly journals Evaluation of Arctic sea-ice drift and its dependency on near-surface wind and sea-ice concentration and thickness in the coupled regional climate model HIRHAM-NAOSIM

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyong Yu ◽  
Annette Rinke ◽  
Wolfgang Dorn ◽  
Gunnar Spreen ◽  
Christof Lüpkes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Drift Speed ◽  
Ice Drift ◽  
Sea Ice Drift

Abstract. We examine the simulated Arctic sea-ice drift speed for the period 2003–2014 in the coupled Arctic regional climate model HIRHAM-NAOSIM 2.0. In particular, we evaluate the dependency of the drift speed on the near-surface wind speed and sea-ice conditions. Considering the seasonal cycle of Arctic basin averaged drift speed, the model reproduces the summer-autumn drift speed well, but significantly overestimates the winter-spring drift speed, compared to satellite-derived observations. Also, the model does not capture the observed seasonal phase lag between drift and wind speed, but the simulated drift speed is more in phase with near-surface wind. The model calculates a realistic negative relationship between drift speed and ice thickness and between drift speed and ice concentration during summer-autumn when concentration is relatively low, but the correlation is weaker than observed. A daily grid-scale diagnostic indicates that the model reproduces the observed positive relationship between drift and wind speed. The strongest impact of wind changes on drift speed occurs for high and moderate wind speeds, with a low impact for calm conditions. The correlation under low-wind conditions is overestimated in the simulations, compared to observation/reanalysis. A sensitivity experiment demonstrates the significant effects of sea-ice form drag included by an improved parameterization of the transfer coefficients for momentum and heat over sea ice. However, this does not improve the agreement of the modelled drift speed/wind speed ratio with observations based on reanalysis for wind and remote sensing for sea ice drift. An improvement might be possible, among others, by tuning the open parameters of the parameterization in future.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Arctic sea ice drift and its dependency on near-surface wind and sea ice conditions in the coupled regional climate model HIRHAM–NAOSIM

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1727-1746
Author(s):  
Xiaoyong Yu ◽  
Annette Rinke ◽  
Wolfgang Dorn ◽  
Gunnar Spreen ◽  
Christof Lüpkes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Drift Speed ◽  
Ice Drift ◽  
Sea Ice Drift

Abstract. We examine the simulated Arctic sea ice drift speed for the period 2003–2014 in the coupled Arctic regional climate model HIRHAM–NAOSIM 2.0. In particular, we evaluate the dependency of the drift speed on the near-surface wind speed and sea ice conditions. Considering the seasonal cycle of the Arctic basin averaged drift speed, the model reproduces the summer–autumn drift speed well but significantly overestimates the winter–spring drift speed, compared to satellite-derived observations. Also, the model does not capture the observed seasonal phase lag between drift and wind speed, but the simulated drift speed is more in phase with the near-surface wind. The model calculates a realistic negative correlation between drift speed and ice thickness and between drift speed and ice concentration during summer–autumn when the ice concentration is relatively low, but the correlation is weaker than observed. A daily grid-scale diagnostic indicates that the model reproduces the observed positive correlation between drift and wind speed. The strongest impact of wind changes on drift speed occurs for high and moderate wind speeds, with a low impact for rather calm conditions. The correlation under low-wind conditions is overestimated in the simulations compared to observation/reanalysis data. A sensitivity experiment demonstrates the significant effects of sea ice form drag from floe edges included by an improved parameterization of the transfer coefficients for momentum and heat over sea ice. However, this does not improve the agreement of the modeled drift speed / wind speed ratio with observations based on reanalysis data for wind and remote sensing data for sea ice drift. An improvement might be achieved by tuning parameters that are not well established by observations.

scholarly journals An analytical model for wind-driven Arctic summer sea ice drift

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 2101-2133
Author(s):  
H.-S. Park ◽  
A. L. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
Sea Ice Concentration ◽  
Ice Drift ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
Ice Concentration ◽  
Sea Ice Drift ◽  
Ice Velocity ◽  
Arctic Summer

Abstract. The authors present an approximate analytical model for wind-induced sea-ice drift that includes an ice–ocean boundary layer with an Ekman spiral in the ocean velocity. This model provides an analytically tractable solution that is most applicable to the marginal ice zone, where sea-ice concentration is substantially below 100%. The model closely reproduces the ice and upper-ocean velocities observed recently by the first ice-tethered profiler equipped with a velocity sensor (ITPV). The analytical tractability of our model allows efficient calculation of the sea-ice velocity provided that the surface wind field is known and that the ocean surface geostrophic velocity is relatively weak. The model is applied to estimate intraseasonal variations in Arctic sea ice cover due to short-timescale (around 1 week) intensification of the southerly winds. Utilizing 10 m surface winds from ERA-Interim reanalysis, the wind-induced sea-ice velocity and the associated changes in sea-ice concentration are calculated and compared with satellite observations. The analytical model captures the observed reduction of Arctic sea-ice concentration associated with the strengthening of southerlies on intraseasonal time scales. Further analysis indicates that the wind-induced surface Ekman flow in the ocean increases the sea-ice drift speed by 50% in the Arctic summer. It is proposed that the southerly wind-induced sea-ice drift, enhanced by the ocean's surface Ekman transport, can lead to substantial reduction in sea-ice concentration over a timescale of one week.

scholarly journals Improving Multiyear Sea Ice Concentration Estimates with Sea Ice Drift

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yufang Ye ◽  
Mohammed Shokr ◽  
Georg Heygster ◽  
Gunnar Spreen
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Sea Ice Concentration ◽  
Ice Drift ◽  
Ice Concentration ◽  
Sea Ice Drift

Arctic sea ice volume budget decomposition satellite product for the CryoSat-2 (2010-2020) period 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Heorton ◽  
Michel Tsamados ◽  
Paul Holland ◽  
Jack Landy
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
First Year ◽  
Sea Ice Concentration ◽  
Marginal Seas ◽  
Ice Volume ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
Ice Concentration

<p><span>We combine satellite-derived observations of sea ice concentration, drift, and thickness to provide the first observational decomposition of the dynamic (advection/divergence) and thermodynamic (melt/growth) drivers of wintertime Arctic sea ice volume change. Ten winter growth seasons are analyzed over the CryoSat-2 period between October 2010 and April 2020. Sensitivity to several observational products is performed to provide an estimated uncertainty of the budget calculations. The total thermodynamic ice volume growth and dynamic ice losses are calculated with marked seasonal, inter-annual and regional variations</span><span>. Ice growth is fastest during Autumn, in the Marginal Seas and over first year ice</span><span>. Our budget decomposition methodology can help diagnose the processes confounding climate model predictions of sea ice. We make our product and code available to the community in monthly pan-Arctic netcdft files for the entire October 2010 to April 2020 period.</span></p>

Gridded Arctic sea ice concentration reconstruction for the first half of the 20th century based on different proxy data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Semenov ◽  
Tatiana Matveeva
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Sea Ice Concentration ◽  
The North ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
Ice Concentration

<p>Global warming in the recent decades has been accompanied by a rapid recline of the Arctic sea ice area most pronounced in summer (10% per decade). To understand the relative contribution of external forcing and natural variability to the modern and future sea ice area changes, it is necessary to evaluate a range of long-term variations of the Arctic sea ice area in the period before a significant increase in anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Available observational data on the spatiotemporal dynamics of Arctic sea ice until 1950s are characterized by significant gaps and uncertainties. In the recent years, there have appeared several reconstructions of the early 20<sup>th</sup> century Arctic sea ice area that filled the gaps by analogue methods or utilized combined empirical data and climate model’s output. All of them resulted in a stronger that earlier believed negative sea ice area anomaly in the 1940s concurrent with the early 20<sup>th</sup> century warming (ETCW) peak. In this study, we reconstruct the monthly average gridded sea ice concentration (SIC) in the first half of the 20th century using the relationship between the spatiotemporal features of SIC variability, surface air temperature over the Northern Hemisphere extratropical continents, sea surface temperature in the North Atlantic and North Pacific, and sea level pressure. In agreement with a few previous results, our reconstructed data also show a significant negative anomaly of the Arctic sea ice area in the middle of the 20th century, however with some 15% to 30% stronger amplitude, about 1.5 million km<sup>2</sup> in September and 0.7 million km<sup>2</sup> in March. The reconstruction demonstrates a good agreement with regional Arctic sea ice area data when available and suggests that ETWC in the Arctic has been accompanied by a concurrent sea ice area decline of a magnitude that have been exceeded only in the beginning of the 21<sup>st</sup> century.</p>

scholarly journals Simulated impacts of relative climate change and river discharge regulation on sea ice and oceanographic conditions in the Hudson Bay Complex

Elem Sci Anth ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer V. Lukovich ◽  
Shabnam Jafarikhasragh ◽  
Paul G. Myers ◽  
Natasha A. Ridenour ◽  
Laura Castro de la Guardia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
River Discharge ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Sea Ice Concentration ◽  
Changing Climate ◽  
Ice Drift ◽  
Ice Concentration ◽  
Sea Ice Drift ◽  
Discharge Regulation

In this analysis, we examine relative contributions from climate change and river discharge regulation to changes in marine conditions in the Hudson Bay Complex using a subset of five atmospheric forcing scenarios from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5), river discharge data from the Hydrological Predictions for the Environment (HYPE) model, both naturalized (without anthropogenic intervention) and regulated (anthropogenically controlled through diversions, dams, reservoirs), and output from the Nucleus for European Modeling of the Ocean Ice-Ocean model for the 1981–2070 time frame. Investigated in particular are spatiotemporal changes in sea surface temperature, sea ice concentration and thickness, and zonal and meridional sea ice drift in response to (i) climate change through comparison of historical (1981–2010) and future (2021–2050 and 2041–2070) simulations, (ii) regulation through comparison of historical (1981–2010) naturalized and regulated simulations, and (iii) climate change and regulation combined through comparison of future (2021–2050 and 2041–2070) naturalized and regulated simulations. Also investigated is use of the diagnostic known as e-folding time spatial distribution to monitor changes in persistence in these variables in response to changing climate and regulation impacts in the Hudson Bay Complex. Results from this analysis highlight bay-wide and regional reductions in sea ice concentration and thickness in southwest and northeast Hudson Bay in response to a changing climate, and east-west asymmetry in sea ice drift response in support of past studies. Regulation is also shown to amplify or suppress the climate change signal. Specifically, regulation amplifies sea surface temperatures from April to August, suppresses sea ice loss by approximately 30% in March, contributes to enhanced sea ice drift speed by approximately 30%, and reduces meridional circulation by approximately 20% in January due to enhanced zonal drift. Results further suggest that the offshore impacts of regulation are amplified in a changing climate.

scholarly journals Assimilation of sea surface temperature, sea ice concentration and sea ice drift in a model of the Southern Ocean

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 22-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Barth ◽  
Martin Canter ◽  
Bert Van Schaeybroeck ◽  
Stéphane Vannitsem ◽  
François Massonnet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Sea Ice Concentration ◽  
Ice Drift ◽  
Ice Concentration ◽  
Sea Ice Drift

scholarly journals Arctic sea ice sensitivity to lateral melting representation in a coupled climate model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madison Smith ◽  
Marika Holland ◽  
Bonnie Light
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
Coupled Climate Model ◽  
Sea Ice Concentration ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
Ice Concentration ◽  
Ice Floes

Abstract. The melting of sea ice floes from the edges (lateral melting) results in open water formation and subsequently increases absorption of solar shortwave energy. However, lateral melt plays a small role in the sea ice mass budget in both hemispheres in most climate models (Keen et al., 2020). This is likely influenced by simple parameterizations of this process in sea ice models that are constrained by limited observations. Here we use a coupled climate model (CESM2.0) to assess the sensitivity of modeled sea ice state to the lateral melt parameterization. The results show that sea ice is sensitive both to the parameters determining the effective lateral melt rate, as well as the nuances in how lateral melting is applied to the ice pack. Increasing the lateral melt rate within the range of reasonable values is largely compensated by decreases in the basal melt rate, but can still result in a significant decrease in sea ice concentration and thickness, particularly in the marginal ice zone. We suggest that it is important to consider the efficiency of melt processes at forming open water, which drives the majority of the ice-albedo feedback. Melt processes are more efficient at forming open water in thinner ice scenarios (as we are likely to see in the future), suggesting the importance of well representing thermodynamic evolution. Revisiting model parameterizations of lateral melting with observations will require finding new ways to represent important physical processes.

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