scholarly journals Universal Combustion Chamber for Utilization of Petroleum Gases of Different Composition and Heat Output

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alena Shilova ◽  
◽  
Nikolai Bachev ◽  
Oleg Matyunin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Energy Balance Equation ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Heat Output ◽  
Combustion Chambers ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Excess Air ◽  
Secondary Air

When developing micro-gas turbine power plants, it is necessary to have universal two-zone combustion chambers for utilizing petroleum gases of different composition and heat output at different oil deposits. In the combustion zone, the excess air ratio is selected from the interval between the lower and upper concentration limits of combustion. In the dilution zone by supplying secondary air, the working fluid with specified parameters is prepared for supply to the turbine. The excess air coefficient at the exit from the combustion chamber is determined from the energy balance equation and depends on the air and fuel gas parameters at the entrance to the combustion chamber and on the temperature of the working fluid at the entrance to the turbine. The purpose of this work is to develop recommendations for creating a universal combustion chamber for combustion of fuel gases of different composition and heat output. This goal is achieved by selecting the diameter of the chamber in order to ensure the required ratios between the average flow rate of the combustible air mixture and the rate of turbulent combustion, at which a stable position of the flame front is observed. The most noticeable result of the research conducted is substantiation of the possibility of using a universal combustion chamber with constant dimensions in utilization gas turbine installations designed for burning nonstandard fuel gases with ballasting components content up to 70%, which will reduce the time and cost of development and implementation of these installations.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF THE COMPOSITION AND PARAMETERS OF THE OIL GAS SUPPLY ON THE COMBUSTION LIMITS IN THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
Alyona Shilova ◽  
◽  
Roman Bulbovich ◽  
Nikolay Bachev ◽  
Oleg Matyunin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Combustion Stability ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Utilization ◽  
Excess Air ◽  
Combustion Limits ◽  
Oil Gas

The question of oil gas utilization today is very important.In the development of domestic micro-gas-turbine utilization power plants, the central place is occupied by the creation of a universal combustion chamber, which would ensure stable combustion of ballasted gases at different fields under variable operating conditions.In this work, the phlegmatization method was used to determine the lower and upper concentration limits, which allows taking into account the effect of ballasting components on the combustion limits. When calculating the coefficients of excess air at the upper and lower limits, the influence of the composition, temperature, and supply pressure of the components was taken into account.An analysis of the results showed that taking into account the parameters of air and oil gas at the outlet of the compressors expands the limits of combustion by the coefficient of excess air. An additional regenerative heating of the air between the compressor and the combustion chamber shifts the combustion stability region in terms of the excess air coefficient towards rich mixtures. Recuperative heating of fuel gas shifts the area of sustainable combustion towards lean mixtures. Simultaneous regenerative heating of fuel gas and air expands the area of sustainable combustion.

Performance evaluation of selected gas turbine power plants in Nigeria using energy and exergy methods

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.O. Oyedepo ◽  
R.O Fagbenle ◽  
S.S Adefila ◽  
M.M Alam
Keyword(s):  
Energy Loss ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Exergy Destruction ◽  
Improvement Potential ◽  
Energy And Exergy ◽  
And Performance

This study presents thermodynamic analysis of the design and performance of eleven selected gas turbine power plants using the first and second laws of thermodynamics concepts. Energy and exergy analyses were conducted using operating data collected from the power plants to determine the energy loss and exergy destruction of each major component of the gas turbine plant. Energy analysis showed that the combustion chamber and the turbine are the components having the highest proportion of energy loss in the plants. Energy loss in combustion chamber and turbine varied from 33.31 to 39.95% and 30.83 to 35.24% respectively. The exergy analysis revealed that the combustion chamber is the most exergy destructive component compared to other cycle components. Exergy destruction in the combustion chamber varied from 86.05 to 94.67%. Combustion chamber has the highest exergy improvement potential which range from 30.21 to 88.86 MW. Also, its exergy efficiency is lower than that of other components studied, which is due to the high temperature difference between working fluid and burner temperature. Increasing gas turbine inlet temperature (GTIT), the exergy destruction of this component can be reduced.

Effect of Chemical Hythane Composition on Pressure in Combustion Chamber of Engine

2019 ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
A. P. Shaikin ◽  
I. R. Galiev
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Chamber Volume ◽  
Excess Air ◽  
Scientific Papers

The article analyzes the influence of chemical composition of hythane (a mixture of natural gas with hydrogen) on pressure in an engine combustion chamber. A review of the literature has showed the relevance of using hythane in transport energy industry, and also revealed a number of scientific papers devoted to studying the effect of hythane on environmental and traction-dynamic characteristics of the engine. We have studied a single-cylinder spark-ignited internal combustion engine. In the experiments, the varying factors are: engine speed (600 and 900 min-1), excess air ratio and hydrogen concentration in natural gas which are 29, 47 and 58% (volume).The article shows that at idling engine speed maximum pressure in combustion chamber depends on excess air ratio and proportion hydrogen in the air-fuel mixture – the poorer air-fuel mixture and greater addition of hydrogen is, the more intense pressure increases. The positive effect of hydrogen on pressure is explained by the fact that addition of hydrogen contributes to increase in heat of combustion fuel and rate propagation of the flame. As a result, during combustion, more heat is released, and the fuel itself burns in a smaller volume. Thus, the addition of hydrogen can ensure stable combustion of a lean air-fuel mixture without loss of engine power. Moreover, the article shows that, despite the change in engine speed, addition of hydrogen, excess air ratio, type of fuel (natural gas and gasoline), there is a power-law dependence of the maximum pressure in engine cylinder on combustion chamber volume. Processing and analysis of the results of the foreign and domestic researchers have showed that patterns we discovered are applicable to engines of different designs, operating at different speeds and using different hydrocarbon fuels. The results research presented allow us to reduce the time and material costs when creating new power plants using hythane and meeting modern requirements for power, economy and toxicity.

Modeling and Experiment on Combustion Characteristics for Biomass Rotary Burner

2020 ◽  
Vol 04 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guohai Jia ◽  
Lijun Li ◽  
Li Dai ◽  
Zicheng Gao ◽  
Jiping Li
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Combustion Temperature ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Excess Air ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
Excess Air Coefficient ◽  
Secondary Air

Background: A biomass pellet rotary burner was chosen as the research object in order to study the influence of excess air coefficient on the combustion efficiency. The finite element simulation model of biomass rotary burner was established. Methods: The computational fluid dynamics software was applied to simulate the combustion characteristics of biomass rotary burner in steady condition and the effects of excess air ratio on pressure field, velocity field and temperature field was analyzed. Results: The results show that the flow velocity inside the burner gradually increases with the increase of inlet velocity and the maximum combustion temperature is also appeared in the middle part of the combustion chamber. Conclusion: When the excess air coefficient is 1.0 with the secondary air outlet velocity of 4.16 m/s, the maximum temperature of the rotary combustion chamber is 2730K with the secondary air outlet velocity of 6.66 m/s. When the excess air ratio is 1.6, the maximum temperature of the rotary combustion chamber is 2410K. When the air ratio is 2.4, the maximum temperature of the rotary combustion chamber is 2340K with the secondary air outlet velocity of 9.99 m/s. The best excess air coefficient is 1.0. The experimental value of combustion temperature of biomass rotary burner is in good agreement with the simulation results.

Experimental Study of a 200 kW Partial Oxidation Gas Turbine (POGT) for Co-Production of Power and Hydrogen-Enriched Fuel Gas

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Rabovitser ◽  
Stan Wohadlo ◽  
John M. Pratapas ◽  
Serguei Nester ◽  
Mehmet Tartan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Partial Oxidation ◽  
Synthesis Gas ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Lean Combustion ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Oxidation Reactor

Paper presents the results from development and successful testing of a 200 kW POGT prototype. There are two major design features that distinguish POGT from a conventional gas turbine: a POGT utilizes a partial oxidation reactor (POR) in place of a conventional combustor which leads to a much smaller compressor requirement versus comparably rated conventional gas turbine. From a thermodynamic perspective, the working fluid provided by the POR has higher specific heat than lean combustion products enabling the POGT expander to extract more energy per unit mass of fluid. The POGT exhaust is actually a secondary fuel gas that can be combusted in different bottoming cycles or used as synthesis gas for hydrogen or other chemicals production. Conversion steps for modifying a 200 kW radial turbine to POGT duty are described including: utilization of the existing (unmodified) expander; replacement of the combustor with a POR unit; introduction of steam for cooling of the internal turbine structure; and installation of a bypass air port for bleeding excess air from the compressor discharge because of 45% reduction in combustion air requirements. The engine controls that were re-configured for start-up and operation are reviewed including automation of POGT start-up and loading during light-off at lean condition, transition from lean to rich combustion during acceleration, speed control and stabilization under rich operation. Changes were implemented in microprocessor-based controllers. The fully-integrated POGT unit was installed and operated in a dedicated test cell at GTI equipped with extensive process instrumentation and data acquisition systems. Results from a parametric experimental study of POGT operation for co-production of power and H2-enriched synthesis gas are provided.

BASIC POSITIONS OF THE ENTHALPY-ENTROPY METHODOLOGY OF THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF GAS TURBINE POWER PLANTS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gennadii Liubchik ◽  
◽  
Nataliia Fialko ◽  
Aboubakr Regragui ◽  
Nataliia Meranova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermodynamic Parameters ◽  
Thermodynamic Analysis ◽  
Thermodynamic Modeling ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Thermal Entropy ◽  
Nodal Points ◽  
Computational Diagnostics

The basic positions of the enthalpy-entropy methodology of thermodynamic modeling of processes in gas turbine units (GTUs) and combined power plants on basis GTUs are presented. The main requirements and conditions of this methodology are formulated, they allows the construction of a sequential (without iterations) algorithm for the computational diagnostics of the thermodynamic parameters of the GTU cycle, which includes the calculation blocks for the compressor, combustion chamber, turbine, and exhaust tube of the GTU. The obtained regression equations are presented. The use of these equations simplifies of the procedure for evaluating the thermodynamic parameters of the components at the nodal points of the cycle. The advantages of the proposed methodology in comparison with the traditional thermal-entropy methodology are indicated.

scholarly journals Igniting Soaring Droplets of Promising Fuel Slurries

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Bogomolov ◽  
Timur Valiullin ◽  
Ksenia Vershinina ◽  
Sergey Shevyrev ◽  
Nikita Shlegel
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Combustion Chambers ◽  
Fuel Droplets ◽  
Fine Coal ◽  
Active Research ◽  
Burning Coal

High rates of environmental pollution by boilers and thermal power plants burning coal of different grades are the main reason for active research in the world aimed at the development of alternative fuels. The solution to the formulated problem acceptable in terms of environmental, technical and economic criteria is the creation of composite slurry fuels with the use of fine coal or coal processing and enrichment waste, water of different quality, and oil sludge additive. This study considers modern technologies of burning slurry fuels as well as perspective research methods of the corresponding processes. A model combustion chamber is developed for the adequate study of ignition processes. The calculation of the basic geometric dimensions is presented. The necessity of manufacturing the combustion chamber in the form of an object of complex geometry is substantiated. With its use, several typical modes of slurry fuel ignition are determined. Principal differences of ignition conditions of a single droplet and group of fuel droplets are shown. Typical vortex structures at the fuel spray injection are shown. A comparison with the trajectories of fuel aerosol droplets in real combustion chambers used for the combustion of slurry fuels is undertaken.

Numerical Simulation as Design Optimization Tool for Gas Turbine Combustion Chambers

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Digvijay B. Kulshreshtha ◽  
S. A. Channiwala ◽  
Saurabh B. Dikshit
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Design Optimization ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Intermediate Zone ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Combustion Chambers ◽  
Primary Zone

In present study an attempt has been made through CFD approach using CFX 11 to analyze the flow patterns within the combustion liner and through different air admission holes, namely, primary zone, intermediate zone, dilution zone and wall cooling, and from these the temperature distribution in the liner and at walls as well as the temperature quality at the exit of the combustion chamber are predicted. The design optimization is carried out using the CFD results with validation using experimental investigations.

scholarly journals Technical Evaluation of Simplified IGCC Components

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Horner ◽  
R. K. Alff ◽  
J. C. Corman
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Exhaust System ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Coal Gas ◽  
Hot Gas

Simplified integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plants offer attractive advantages for improving the performance of coal to electricity systems. This plant configuration, which utilizes a coal gasifier, hot gas cleanup system, and gas turbine combined cycle, has the potential to reduce both capital costs for equipment and fuel costs through improved efficiency. This paper reports the results of fuel supply and gas turbine testing on actual hot low-Btu coal gas. A pilot-scale advanced fixed-bed gasifier has been modified to supply hot coal gas to a particulate removal cyclone and then to a gas turbine simulator. The hot gas is combusted in a General Electric MS6000 combustor developed for low-Btu gas fuel. The combusted product flows through a MS6000 turbine first-stage nozzle sector. The exhaust gases from the nozzle sector pass over air-cooled cylindrical ash deposition pin specimens and then into a water quench exhaust system. Extensive instrumentation and sampling provisions are utilized to characterize the fuel gas, the combustion gases, and the ash deposits formed on turbine components. Two regimes of nozzle metal surface temperatures have been investigated by separate testing performed including 500–600 °F with water-cooled and 1500–1650 °F with air-cooled nozzle sectors. Results from the test program have provided key data related to fuel gas cleanup and the tolerance of gas turbine hot gas path parts to the products of combustion from coal-derived fuels.

Modeling and Exergy and Exergoeconomic Optimization of a Gas Turbine Power Plant Using a Genetic Algorithm

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soheil Fouladi ◽  
Hamid Saffari
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Exergy Efficiency ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Exergy Destruction ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Gas Turbine Power Plant

In this paper, the thermodynamic modelling of a gas turbine power plant in Iran is performed. Also, a computer code has been developed based on Matlab software. Moreover, both exergy and exergoeconomic analysis of this power plant have been conducted. To have a good insight into this study, the effects of key parameters such as compressor pressure ratio, gas turbine inlet temperature (TIT), compressor and turbine isentropic efficiency on the total exergy destruction, total exergy efficiency as well as total cost of exergy destruction have been performed. The modelling results have been compared with an actual running power plant located in Yazd city, Iran. The results of developed code have shown reasonable agreement between the simulation code results and experimental data obtained from power plant. The exergy analysis revealed that the combustion chamber is the must exergy destructor in comparison with other components. Also, its exergy efficiency is less than other components. This is due to the high temperature difference between working fluid and burner temperature. In addition, it was found that by the increase of TIT, the exergy destruction of this component can be reduced. On the other hand, the cost of exergy destruction is high for the combustion chamber. The effects of design parameters on exergy efficiency have shown that increase in the air compressor ratio and TIT, increases the total exergy efficiency of the cycle. Furthermore, the results have revealed that by the increase of TIT by 350°C, the cost of exergy destruction is decreased about 22%. Therefore, TIT is the best option to improve the cycle losses. In addition, an optimization using a genetic algorithm has been conducted to find the optimal solution of the plant.

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