scholarly journals Impacts of Sea Food Safety Standards and Common Language on Pakistan’s Sea Food Exports to European Union

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anila Sultana, Dr. Rizwana Jabeen, Qaiser Sharif
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Common Language ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Safety Regulations ◽  
Trend Data ◽  
Food Safety Standards ◽  
The Eu

The study intends to see how food safety regulations introduced by the European Union affect Pakistani seafood exports to the EU. For the analysis time trend data of related variables has been taken into account from 1999-2017. The Gravity Model results indicate that imposition of food safety regulation deteriorates trade and sharing of common language (English) has a positive yet significant impact on seafood exports of Pakistan. The study provides imperative insights for policy makers to devise appropriate policies regarding enhancement of export potential of Pakistan.

Putting Risk Management to the Test or Why it is Ineffectual to Separate Risk Assessment from Risk Management: The Story of Maximum Levels for Aflatoxins

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liana Giorgi ◽  
Annuradha Tandon
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
European Union ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Policy Process ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Food Safety Standards

This article reviews the policy process of setting maximum levels for aflatoxins by the European Union and the Codex Alimentarius Commission. The differences between the two regulatory organizations and the difficulties entailed in the alignment of the two standards are illustrative of the problems inherent in risk analysis in the food sector. This case is also instructive with respect to the way in which scientific evidence is used when deciding on appropriate food safety standards.

scholarly journals National Food Safety Systems in the European Union: A Comparative Survey

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Hadjigeorgiou ◽  
Elpidoforos S. Soteriades ◽  
Anastasios Philalithis ◽  
Anna Psaroulaki ◽  
Yiannis Tselentis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
European Union ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Comparative Survey ◽  
Safety Systems ◽  
Central Level ◽  
The Eu

This paper is a comparative survey of the National Food Safety Systems (NFSS) of the European Union (EU) Member-States (MS) and the Central EU level. The main organizational structures of the NFSS, their legal frameworks, their responsibilities, their experiences, and challenges relating to food safety are discussed. Growing concerns about food safety have led the EU itself, its MS and non-EU countries, which are EU trade-partners, to review and modify their food safety systems. Our study suggests that the EU and 22 out of 27 Member States (MS) have reorganized their NFSS by establishing a single food safety authority or a similar organization on the national or central level. In addition, the study analyzes different approaches towards the establishment of such agencies. Areas where marked differences in approaches were seen included the division of responsibilities for risk assessment (RA), risk management (RM), and risk communication (RC). We found that in 12 Member States, all three areas of activity (RA, RM, and RC) are kept together, whereas in 10 Member States, risk management is functionally or institutionally separate from risk assessment and risk communication. No single ideal model for others to follow for the organization of a food safety authority was observed; however, revised NFSS, either in EU member states or at the EU central level, may be more effective from the previous arrangements, because they provide central supervision, give priority to food control programs, and maintain comprehensive risk analysis as part of their activities.

13. Environmental Policy

2020 ◽  
pp. 297-320
Author(s):  
Andrea Lenschow
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Policy Coordination ◽  
Historical Evolution ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Environmental Interest Groups ◽  
The Eu

This chapter focuses on the European Union’s environmental policy, the development of which was characterized by institutional deepening and the substantial expansion of environmental issues covered by EU decisions and regulations. Environmental policy presents a host of challenges for policy-makers, including the choice of appropriate instruments, improvement of implementation performance, and better policy coordination at all levels of policy-making. The chapter points to the continuing adaptations that have been made in these areas. It first considers the historical evolution of environmental policy in the EU before discussing the main actors in EU environmental policy-making, namely: the European Commission, the Council of the European Union, the European Parliament, the Court of Justice of the European Union, and environmental interest groups. The chapter also looks at the EU as an international actor.

Safety Valves and Complete Exits in European Treaty Politics

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (S1) ◽  
pp. 93-94
Author(s):  
Will Phelan
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Eu

It is common to describe the European Union as “new,” “unique,” “sui generis,” and hard to fit into existing categories of institutional arrangements, national or international. Indeed, debates on how to describe the EU are often lively and sometimes illuminating. In concrete terms, however, one of the best ways to understand the EU's distinction from other forms of treaty-based trade and integration regimes is the EU's distinctive lack of unilateral safeguard and escape valve mechanisms available to policy-makers in the various Member States.

Greece

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 263-284
Author(s):  
Osman Sabri Kiratli
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Negotiation Process ◽  
Security Policies ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Security Threat ◽  
Constitutional Treaty ◽  
Security Strategy ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Eu

This paper investigates the change in the Greek position from an ardent critic to an enthusiastic supporter of supranational cooperation in the Common Foreign and Security Policies of the European Union (EU) during the negotiation process (2003–2004) for the Constitutional Treaty. It proposes that the change was largely due to the imminent security threat perceived from its neighbour, Turkey. As unilateralist, confrontational responses, which had been in effect since Turkey’s Cyprus intervention in 1974, had largely failed to curb the level of threats perceived from the eastern side of the Aegean, Greek policy-makers started to develop a radically new security strategy based on a cooperative and integrationist partnership with the EU.

scholarly journals Regulating primary microplastics in the European Union

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Rheinberger ◽  
Perrti Elo ◽  
Sanna Henrichson ◽  
Anu Kapanen ◽  
Sandrine Lefevre-Brevart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Emission Sources ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Source Reduction ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Optimal Regulation ◽  
Sources And Sinks ◽  
The Eu

Abstract Microplastic pollution receives increasing attention of policy makers. Primary microplastics are of particular interest as they may be effectively regulated by source reduction. We identify major emission sources and sinks of primary microplastics in the EU and discuss key challenges for optimal regulation

Unia Europejska w stanie krytycznym. Nowe sytuacje – nowe konstelacje – nowe orientacje

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Czachór
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Scientific Thinking ◽  
Specific Situation ◽  
European Research ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The World ◽  
The Eu

The crisis in the European Union is forcing the world of science, mainly representatives of European research and studies, to change thinking, and thus to the need to search for new patterns of scientific thinking. Such formulas and views that will allow to explain and understand the dynamics of the construction and deconstruction of European integration. The paradigm of situationism is helpful here, which refers to the postulate of identifying and defining critical situations leading to changes in the EU. We define the situation here as a set of conditional circumstances and the state of the matter in which the European Union is located. The situation is also a fragment of the action (reconstruction of activities) taking place in the European integration process. Situationism may aspire to an integrative metatheory, because rejects all generalisation and universalisation of reality. It makes European integration actors (mainly policy-makers) connected with their actions (interactions – transactions) dependent on instruments (procedures) and requirements of the specific situation in which they found themselves.

scholarly journals Food fraud and consumers’ choices in the wake of the horsemeat scandal

2016 ◽  
Vol 118 (8) ◽  
pp. 1898-1913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Agnoli ◽  
Roberta Capitello ◽  
Maria De Salvo ◽  
Alberto Longo ◽  
Marco Boeri
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Discrete Choice Experiments ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Food Fraud ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Practical Guidelines ◽  
Ready Meal ◽  
Food Safety Standards

Purpose – In 2012, the European food industry was hit by a food fraud: horsemeat was found in pre-prepared foods, without any declaration on the package. This is commonly referred to as the “horsemeat scandal”. The purpose of this paper is to investigate consumers’ preferences across Europe for a selected ready meal, ready to heat (RTH) fresh lasagne, to consider whether the effects of potential food frauds on consumers’ choices can be mitigated by introducing enhanced standards of RTH products. Design/methodology/approach – An online survey was administered to 4,598 consumers of RTH lasagne in six European countries (Republic of Ireland, France, Italy, Spain, Germany and Norway), applying discrete choice experiments to estimate consumers’ willingness to pay for enhanced food safety standards and highlight differences between countries. Findings – Many similarities across countries emerged, as well as some differences. Consumers in Europe are highly concerned with the authenticity of the meat in ready meals and strongly prefer to know that ingredients are nationally sourced. Strong regional differences in price premiums exist for enhanced food safety standards. Originality/value – This research adds relevant insights in the analysis of consumers’ reaction to food fraud, providing practical guidelines on the most appropriate practices that producers should adopt and on the information to reduce food risk perception among consumers. This would prove beneficial for the food processing industry and the European Union. The survey is based on a representative sample of European consumers making this the largest cross-country study of this kind.

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