A New Extrusion Plastometer

1944 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 745-750
Author(s):  
H. A. Schultz ◽  
R. C. Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Test ◽  
The Other ◽  
Central Portion ◽  
Tensile Stresses ◽  
Synthetic Rubber ◽  
Preliminary Work ◽  
Continuous Slab ◽  
Set Up

Abstract Early studies of the processing characteristics of synthetic rubber (GR-S) indicated that it would be desirable to have a laboratory test to determine whether satisfactory tread slabs could be produced from a given batch of tread stock by extrusion through a plate die. In the factory, the material is extruded as a continuous slab, flat on one side and shaped on the other. The extruding material is put under tension and carried away by a moving belt. Since the central portion of the slab, which will eventually become the tire tread, is thicker than the adjoining sidewall portions, it is extruded at a greater rate. Therefore, tensile stresses are set up in the sidewalls after the stock leaves the die. The material either flows to relieve these stresses or it tears. Preliminary work indicated that common methods of measuring plasticity were not adequate to measure or predict the tendency of certain stocks to tear in the sidewalls. Therefore, it was decided to develop a test which should reproduce the essential features of factory extrusion in miniature and under close control. This was accomplished in a new extrusion plastometer by the use of special dies and of a device to apply tension to the extruding sample.

Doctrine and Dialectic in Plato’s Dialogues

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachana Kamtekar
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
The Other ◽  
Set Up

Chapter 1 lays out the methodological approach employed throughout the book, which is to pay attention to the dialectical dependence of what the main speaker in the dialogue says on the intellectual problem(s) set up in the dialogue both by himself and the other speakers. To illustrate, Chapter 1 describes Socrates’ use of the method of hypotheses from the Meno and Phaedo to answer questions that go beyond his claims to knowledge in the Republic.

scholarly journals Preparation of alcohol-based handrub in COVID-19 Alsatian cluster

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elodie Di-Falco ◽  
Johan Bourbon ◽  
Isalyne Sbaffe ◽  
Jean-Daniel Kaiser
Keyword(s):  
Critical Period ◽  
Hospital Management ◽  
Management Team ◽  
The Other ◽  
Packaging Materials ◽  
Local Production ◽  
Technical Grade ◽  
Hand Sanitizer ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Real Challenge

AbstractAlsace, in particular Haut-Rhin, is one of the main clusters of COVID-19 in France. There has been a shortage of essential supplies in the area, especially alcohol-based hand sanitizer. In this context, and in accordance with the decree dated March 6, 2020, our hospital management team asked us to start local production of alcohol-based handrub. This was a real challenge: In one week, we had to implement the production of handrub to meet the needs of a 1,400-bed hospital. The production had to comply with the French preparation guidelines and take place on specific premises, with qualified and calibrated equipment, by qualified staff, under the supervision of a pharmacist. The other big challenge we faced was the supply of pharmaceutical raw and packaging materials. During this particular critical period, all suppliers were out of stock. Here, we describe the organizational set-up and the decisions made, e. g., to use technical-grade ethanol before the publication of the decrees dated March 13 and March 23, 2020.

scholarly journals Astronomy to understand a human environment

1998 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 211-213
Author(s):  
S. Isobe
Keyword(s):  
School System ◽  
Environmental Science ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Science Courses ◽  
The Public ◽  
Global Environmental Problems ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Set Up ◽  
School Period

Astronomy is an important science in understanding a human environment. However, it is thought by most politicians, economists, and members of the public that astronomy is a pure science having no contribution to daily human activities except a few matters relating to time. The Japanese government is studying a reorganisation of our school system to have 5 school days per week, instead of 6 days per week, and this July its committee made a recommendation to reduce school hours for science and set up new courses for practical computers and environmental science. I currently made a proposal. It is very difficult for most of the school pupils, who will have non-scientific jobs, to understand science courses currently taught in school, because each science is taught independently from the other sciences. Therefore, their knowledge of sciences obtained during their school period does not greatly help their understanding of global environmental problems.

Statics Analysis of the Mechanical Model of Nucleosome

2011 ◽  
Vol 343-344 ◽  
pp. 661-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Xue ◽  
De Wei Weng ◽  
Gang Ming Gong
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Elastic Rod ◽  
Equilibrium Equations ◽  
Constraint Force ◽  
Precession Angle ◽  
Nutation Angle ◽  
Analytic Expression ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Calculated Analysis

Mechanical model of nucleoside and its equilibrium equations are set up, and the mechanical properties on the equilibrium position are analyzed. In the case constraint force and electrostatic attraction between cylinder OH and elastic rod are balanced, the analytic expression of nutation angle of the section and its conditions of existence are given. It is show that the cylinder OH can maintain equilibrium at any range of the precession angle. In the other case when unbanced, there is phenomenon of separation of elastic rod from cylinder OH in the spiral wound 2 circles, and numerical solution of the precession angle at separation points are calculated. Analysis of equilibrium of cylinder H1 illustrates that the generatrix of cylinder H1 and OH are not parallel, and the angle between them is obtained

Federal Aviation Administration’s Probability of Detection Testing Results for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Swindell ◽  
Danielle Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Federal Aviation Administration ◽  
Steering Committee ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
The Other ◽  
Atlantic City ◽  
Commercial Aviation ◽  
Structural Health ◽  
Set Up

Abstract The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has been participating with the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Aerospace Industry Steering Committee (AISC) to develop a methodology for calculating the Probability of Detection (POD) for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) for damage detection on commercial aviation. Two POD methodologies were developed: one by Dr. William Meeker, Iowa State University, and the other by Dennis Roach, Sandia National Laboratories (SNL). With Dr. Seth Kessler, Metis Design Corp, a test program of 24 samples of aluminum strips to be fatigued on MTS machines was developed. The samples were designed to meet the ASTM E647. Twelve samples had two SHM modalities on the front and back from Metis (PZT and carbon nanotubes), and the other twelve had SHM sensors from Structural Monitoring Systems (SMS) (comparative vacuum monitoring – CVM) and Acellent Technologies (PZT). The tests were performed at the FAA William J Hughes Technical Center in Atlantic City, NJ. The samples were cycled every 1500 cycles and then stopped for SHM data collection. Once the crack exceeded 0.125 inches and provided for a minimum of 15 inspections, a new sample was tested until all 12 samples were completed. The data was provided to each company to be set up in the format needed to run through the POD methodologies. Then the data was provided to Dr. Meeker and Dr. Roach for analysis. This paper will provide the results of those tests.

Vibration of Rectangular Plates by the Ritz Method

1950 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Young
Keyword(s):  
Ritz Method ◽  
Normal Modes ◽  
Approximate Solutions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rectangular Plates ◽  
Elastic Plates ◽  
Modes Of Vibration ◽  
Ritz’S Method ◽  
Square Plate ◽  
Set Up

Abstract Ritz’s method is one of several possible procedures for obtaining approximate solutions for the frequencies and modes of vibration of thin elastic plates. The accuracy of the results and the practicability of the computations depend to a great extent upon the set of functions that is chosen to represent the plate deflection. In this investigation, use is made of the functions which define the normal modes of vibration of a uniform beam. Tables of values of these functions have been computed as well as values of different integrals of the functions and their derivatives. With the aid of these data, the necessary equations can be set up and solved with reasonable effort. Solutions are obtained for three specific plate problems, namely, (a) square plate clamped at all four edges, (b) square plate clamped along two adjacent edges and free along the other two edges, and (c) square plate clamped along one edge and free along the other three edges.

Oscillating Contractions in Protoplasmic Strands of Physarum: Mechanical and Thermal Methods of Phase Shifting for Studying the Nature of the Synchronizing Factor and its Transmission

1980 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
U. ACHENBACH ◽  
K. E. WOHLFARTH-BOTTERMANN
Keyword(s):  
Contractile Activity ◽  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Isometric Tension ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rapid Phase ◽  
Thermal Methods ◽  
Original Length ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Rhythmic Contractile Activity

A new experimental investigation chamber was used to analyse the control of rhythmic contractile activity in Physarum. A strand was mounted in such a way that isometric tension measurements of contraction forces could be made on two regions independently, the two regions remaining connected. It was possible to disturb one region experimentally and to compare its behaviour with the other. A short time after being set up in the apparatus, the isometric contraction cycles in the two regions became synchronous. Stretching one region by 50% of its original length induced a phase delay relative to the other. A brief unilateral cold shock (Δt = 5舑15 °C) had a similar phase-retarding effect. Synchrony was subsequently reattained, unless the connecting region was cut or, for example, treated with 30 mM benzamide. In approximately 25% of the investigated strands, a rapid change to a higher temperature (Δt = 2舑5 °C) caused the warmed side to be phase-advanced. However, 75% of the strands did not show a phase shift, suggesting that a rapid phase regulation is supported by increased temperature. The described experimental assay is suitable for analysing the pathway and the nature of signal transmission in plasmodial strands. Note: Partly presented at the International Titisee-Conference on Cellular Oscillators, 22舑24 March 1979 (see J. exp. Biol. (1979)).

scholarly journals Instruments and Methods High Pressure Coupling for Pipe in Deep Water Filled Bore Holes

1963 ◽  
Vol 4 (36) ◽  
pp. 809-812
Author(s):  
R. L. Shreve
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
External Diameter ◽  
Synthetic Rubber ◽  
External Water Pressure ◽  
External Water ◽  
One Year ◽  
Aluminum Pipe

AbstractIn August 1961 an aluminum pipe (3.5 cm. internal diameter, 4.2 cm. external diameter) having 92 specially modified socket couplings (5.0 cm. external diameter) sealed with a quick-polymerizing synthetic rubber was sunk 226 m. in a vertical water-filled bore hole in Blue Glacier, Washington. U.S.A. The geometry of threads and mating surfaces of pipe and coupling was designed to cause increasing external water pressure to tighten the seal. One joint at a depth of 66 m. immediately developed an extremely slow leak (probably because of faulty cleaning), but the other 91 joints apparently were sound, as the pipe was free of water to a depth of at least 157 m. when resurveyed after one year.

Theory Design Research and the Application Prospect of the Future for the Ever Moving Car

2013 ◽  
Vol 456 ◽  
pp. 142-145
Author(s):  
Guo Qiang Cao ◽  
Yuan Ji Li ◽  
Jiang Ning Liu
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Loss ◽  
Electromagnetic Induction ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Automobile Driving ◽  
The Other ◽  
Induction Principle ◽  
Energy Maximum ◽  
Set Up

Using faraday electromagnetic induction principle will car each wheel as a generator. For car generates its own energy recovery; In the front of car set up a blade, It can recovery the wind power what automobile driving produced, For wind power generation, So that it can recover the energy maximum for the car itself. Because of the two kinds of energy all are car generates its own energy, so it can not recovery completely, in addition to there is power loss in the other part of the car, So it needs to the energy loss and power loss for supplement, I choose the solar energy used as supplementary energy that finally achieve the purpose of "ever moving".

scholarly journals Overtourism: Between the Right to Travel and Residents’ Rights

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalia Perkumienė ◽  
Rasa Pranskūnienė
Keyword(s):  
Review Paper ◽  
Sustainable Tourism ◽  
The Other ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Tourism Research ◽  
Review Analysis ◽  
Preliminary Work ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right

Debates on overtourism, as a challenging phenomenon, are becoming more and more active. The purpose of this integrative review paper is to discuss the right to travel and residents’ rights in the context of overtourism and sustainable tourism, analyzing different scientific and legal sources. The integrative review analysis shows that overtourism and sustainable tourism are important contexts influencing the changing meaning of the right to travel and the right to live. On the one hand, the overtourism context makes the voices of residents more important to be heard, while on the other hand the sustainable tourism context influences the discussion of the right to travel, asking tourist voices to be considered more important. The results of this integrative review also shows the importance of rethinking the concept of sustainability in tourism as a holistic principle of democracy and as a degrowth movement, and opens the broader discussion for future tourism research development. The problem of overtourism could be solved by striving to develop sustainable tourism goals, thus balancing equality between the right to travel and residents’ rights. The presented integrative review paper is a preliminary work; further research is needed in order to find possible concrete solutions for overtourism.

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