scholarly journals Geographic Information Systems supported by multi-criteria decision analysis to indicate potentially suitable areas for construction and demolition waste disposal

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 470-479
Author(s):  
Barbara Pavani Biju ◽  
André Nagalli ◽  
Edilberto Nunes De Moura
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Basic Tool ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Class A ◽  
Standards And Regulations ◽  
Fast Decision

In Brazil, the disposal of construction and demolition waste (CDW) quite often occurs in inadequate places, resulting in social, economic, and environmental problems. This reflects the need for selecting appropriate areas for the disposal of this type of waste. These areas must follow local standards and regulations to protect human health and the environment. Considering that, this study is intended to indicate potentially suitable areas for CDW landfill deployment, known as Class A landfill in Brazil, supported by a GIS-MCDA based model. The GIS-MCDA technique, used as a basic tool to identify potentially suitable areas, has several advantages, such as low cost, reduced spatial data subjectivity, and fast decision-making process. The place chosen for this study is the Urban Central Core of the Metropolitan Area of Curitiba. By integrating GIS with MCDA techniques in this research study, it was possible to indicate potentially suitable areas for CDW disposal in this region.

scholarly journals A New Low-Cost and Reliable Method to Evaluate the Release of Hg0 from Synthetic Materials

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1282
Author(s):  
Marta Lazzaroni ◽  
Barbara Nisi ◽  
Daniele Rappuoli ◽  
Jacopo Cabassi ◽  
Orlando Vaselli
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Elemental Mercury ◽  
Blocking Agent ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Concrete Wall ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Mining Site ◽  
Gaseous Elemental Mercury ◽  
Synthetic Materials

Mercury is a toxic and noxious element and is the only metal that naturally occurs as gas. One of the most challenging topics (included in the United Nations Minimata convention) is to understand the adsorption–release processes of manmade materials (e.g., concrete, bricks, tiles, painting). Adsorption of Hg by construction and demolition waste materials has recently been studied, but investigations on how much Hg0 can be released from these products are rather poor. The abandoned mining site of Abbadia San Salvatore (Siena, central Italy) where, for about one century, cinnabar was roasted to produce liquid mercury, is known for the high concentrations of (i) Hg0 in edifices and structures and (ii) total and leachate Hg in synthetic materials. In the present paper, a new, simple and low-cost method to measure the amount of GEM (Gaseous Elemental Mercury) released from anthropic materials (concrete, wall rocks, and tiles) located in the Hg0-rich environments of the former mining site, is proposed. The efficiency of a specific paint that was supposed to act as blocking agent to Hg0 was also tested.

Incorporation of Fired Ceramic Waste into Binary and Ternary Earth-Binder (S) Mixtures for Compressed Blocks

2014 ◽  
Vol 798-799 ◽  
pp. 498-502
Author(s):  
Wilson Acchar ◽  
Jaquelígia B. Silva ◽  
Vamberto M. Silva ◽  
Luciano Costa Góis ◽  
Ana M. Segadães
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Waste Dumps ◽  
Compressed Earth Blocks ◽  
Earth Blocks

In Brazil, the majority of construction and demolition waste materials (CDW) is sent to waste dumps or landfill sites. Having low cost applications in mind, this work has the purpose of investigating the effect of the incorporation of fired ceramic rubble reclaimed from CDW obtained directly from the building construction industry on the final properties of compressed earth blocks, which are especially interesting in low-income and marginalized communities. To this aim, clay-based mixtures containing up to 5 wt.% of ceramic rubble were prepared. Lime and cement were added as binders (6, 8, 10 and 12 wt.%). Cylindrical test pieces were produced by uniaxial compression and left to harden at ambient conditions for 7, 28 and 56 days. The hardened specimens were characterized in terms of microstructure (SEM), compressive strength, water absorption and wear resistance. The results obtained in physical and mechanical evaluation tests demonstrated that small contents of ceramic rubble from the building construction industry can easily be incorporated into compressed earth blocks without degradation of typical properties, enabling savings in cement addition.

scholarly journals New System to Determine the Evolution of the Dynamic Young’s Modulus from Early Ages in Masonry Mortars

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 8129
Author(s):  
Engerst Yedra ◽  
Daniel Ferrández ◽  
Carlos Morón ◽  
Edmundo Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Dynamic Young’S Modulus ◽  
Cement Mortars ◽  
Dynamic Young's Modulus ◽  
Mechanical Disturbances

This work presents a new method to determine the evolution of the dynamic Young’s modulus (MOE) from small mechanical disturbances caused by cement mortar samples and whose value is collected using a low-cost Arduino accelerometer. The results obtained are correlated with measurements made using traditional ultrasound techniques, in addition to the evolution of MOE being related to the variation in mechanical properties that cement mortars experience over time. In this way, in this work, a secure application method is presented that allows us to advance the knowledge of construction materials with the incorporation of construction and demolition waste (CDW) and—more specifically—of cement mortars made with aggregates recycled from ceramic or concrete waste.

scholarly journals Reusing Iraqi Construction and Aggregates Waste to Manu-facturing Eco-Friendly Polymer Concrete

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Awham M. Hameed ◽  
Mohammad T. Hamza
Keyword(s):  
Physical Characteristic ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Polymer Concrete ◽  
Schmidt Hammer ◽  
Cement Concrete ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Rebound Hardness

The recycling and reusing of waste materials to produce suitable materials is very important subjects to scientific research in world now, because the decrease natural resources and create a hole or risk in future of the world. The aim of our research to produce polymer concrete (PC) has high mechanical and physical characteristic. This PC was prepared by using the waste of aggregates and demolitions to make PC have good mechanical and physical characteristic with low cost as compared as cement concrete. In this research different types of construction and demolition waste were used as aggregates replacement (i.e. waste of cement/concrete debris, waste of ceramics and the waste of blocks) while the type of polymer resins (i.e. Epoxy) as cement replacements. The weight percentages of resin were changed within (20, 25 and 30) % to manufacture this polymer concrete. The tests we done like physical such as den-sity and mechanical such as compressive strength, flexural strength. Splitting tensile strength and Schmidt hammer rebound hardness.

scholarly journals Utilization of Construction and Demolition Waste Along with Fly Ash waste in Preparing Non-Autoclaved Aerated Concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-109
Author(s):  
Qunshan Wei ◽  
◽  
Kashif Ali Panhwar ◽  
Zuhair Nadeem ◽  
Kai Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Autoclaved Aerated Concrete ◽  
Aerated Concrete

China’s construction industries are rapidly increasing, and with that generation of Construction and Demolition waste is also growing, and another side industrial waste such as fly ash produced by a thermal power plant, Associated environmental issues, it is essential to utilize in any form; Studies by concrete experts have indicated the feasibility of suitably handling and recycling such waste in new concrete, mainly for basic-level applications. Non-autoclaved aerated concrete is a lightweight substance that could be used as substitute building materials; it is generally made up of raw materials such as Cement, quicklime, gypsum, sand, and expansion agent like an aluminum powder; in this study, 40% waste utilized, Construction and demolition waste (5%,10%,15%,20% ………40%) and Fly ash (35%,30%,25%,20%......0%) accordingly, while expansion agent maintained constant at 0.06%. The compressive strength of the final material checked after (7,14,21 and 28 days) respectively, obtained maximum strength after 28 days; this study goals to design a low cost, Non-autoclaved aerated concrete material and to reuse the waste produced from different sectors, mainly from the construction sector Keywords: Non-Autoclaved concrete, Lightweight concrete, Eco-friendly, Construction and Demolition waste, Fly ash

Glass Knife Geometry as Seen by the SEM

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 454-455
Author(s):  
J. Temple Black
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Amorphous Material ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
Basic Tool ◽  
Tool Materials ◽  
Optical Inspection ◽  
Surface Flaws ◽  
Slip Planes ◽  
Glass Knife ◽  
Diamond Knife

In ultramicrotomy, the two basic tool materials are glass and diamond. Glass because of its low cost and ease of manufacture of the knife itself is still widely used despite the superiority of diamond knives in many applications. Both kinds of knives produce plastic deformation in the microtomed section due to the nature of the cutting process and microscopic chips in the edge of the knife. Because glass has no well defined slip planes in its structure (it's an amorphous material), it is very strong and essentially never fails in compression. However, surface flaws produce stress concentrations which reduce the strength of glass to 10,000 to 20,000 psi from its theoretical or flaw free values of 1 to 2 million psi. While the microchips in the edge of the glass or diamond knife are generally too small to be observed in the SEM, the second common type of defect can be identified. This is the striations (also termed the check marks or feathers) which are always present over the entire edge of a glass knife regardless of whether or not they are visable under optical inspection. These steps in the cutting edge can be observed in the SEM by proper preparation of carefully broken knives and orientation of the knife, with respect to the scanning beam.

The economic and social costs of class a drug use in England and Wales, 2000: Home Office research study 249

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Godfrey ◽  
Gail Eaton ◽  
Cynthia McDougall ◽  
Anthony Culyer
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Social Costs ◽  
Home Office ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Class A

A culture-based solution for construction and demolition waste management in Sri Lanka: a literature review

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.P.K.D. Mendis ◽  
◽  
A. Samaraweera ◽  
D.M.G.B.T. Kumarasiri ◽  
D. Rajini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Demolition Waste

CONCRETO PERMEÁVEL COM AGREGADO DA RECICLAGEM DE RESÍDUOS DA CONSTRUÇÃO E DEMOLIÇÃO: REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA / PERMEABLE CONCRETE WITH AGGREGATE FROM CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE RECYCLING: LITERATURE REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 73169-73180
Author(s):  
Kelly Patrícia Torres Vieira Brasileiro ◽  
Bacus de Oliveira Nahime ◽  
Michell Macedo Alves ◽  
Pâmela Millena Kunan ◽  
Vitor Alvares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Demolition Waste
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