scholarly journals Cerebral Abscess with Cranial Hypertension in Young Infants: A Case Report and Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Náthalie Angélica Cardoso Marqui ◽  
Marina Lucca de Campos Lima ◽  
Rafaela de Fátima Ferreira Baptista ◽  
Rawene Elza Veronesi Gonçalves Righetti ◽  
Tauane Rene Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Brain Abscess ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Central Nervous System Infection ◽  
Mass Effect ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Surgical Drainage ◽  
Young Infants

Objective: To report a Central Nervous System infection evolving with brain abscess and to address aspects of the treatment of the disease. Results: even with advances in treatment and diagnosis, the pathology has a high mortality. However, the best prognosis is noticed when there is a suspicion through the clinic, neuroradiological images readily available, antimicrobial therapy against commonly encountered agents, and surgical drainage procedures. One study, which combined antibiotic therapy and surgery to drain the abscess, in most of the cases, studied, demonstrated a mortality rate of 12%, and another study, a 42% mortality rate when using antibiotic therapy alone. Another reference suggests the use of antibiotic therapy alone in less severe cases with less neurological impairment. Neurological clinical sequelae can be found in up to 30% of cases. The time of antibiotic therapy still needs to be debated, as well as the surgical indication for drainage. Final Considerations: Pediatric brain abscess is an uncommon disease, still with high morbidity and mortality. Surgical drainage or excision of pediatric abscesses remains the basis of treatment both to relieve the mass effect and to provide a microbiological diagnosis. The literature demonstrates that broad-spectrum antibiotics and access to CT and MRI images decrease the rates of morbidity and mortality. It is concluded that the therapeutic approach involves the administration of broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics and surgical drainage in more complex cases.

scholarly journals Brain Abscess Caused by Nocardia: Case Report and Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Finger ◽  
Maria Eduarda Conte Gripa ◽  
Tiago Paczko Bozko Cecchini ◽  
Tobias Ludwig do Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Brain Abscess ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Occipital Lobe ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Rare Clinical Entity ◽  
Brain Abscesses

AbstractNocardia brain abscess is a rare clinical entity, accounting for 2% of all brain abscesses, associated with high morbidity and a mortality rate 3 times higher than brain abscesses caused by other bacteria. Proper investigation and treatment, characterized by a long-term antibiotic therapy, play an important role on the outcome of the patient. The authors describe a case of a patient without neurological comorbidities who developed clinical signs of right occipital lobe impairment and seizures, whose investigation demonstrated brain abscess caused by Nocardia spp. The patient was treated surgically followed by antibiotic therapy with a great outcome after 1 year of follow-up.

scholarly journals Morbidity and mortality after fragility hip fracture in a Saudi Arabian population: Report from a single center

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 1175-1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mir Sadat-Ali ◽  
Moaad Alfaraidy ◽  
Abdulaziz AlHawas ◽  
Ahmed Abdallah Al-Othman ◽  
Dakheel A Al-Dakheel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Femoral Fractures ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Fragility Hip Fracture ◽  
Asa Score ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
American Society

Objective To determine the functional morbidity and mortality after fragility hip fracture and compare the mortality with three other common diseases. Methods Data were collected from patients admitted to King Fahd Hospital of the University, AlKhobar from January 2010 to December 2014. Demographic data included the preoperative American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score as assessed by the anesthetist and the type of surgery. Personal and telephone interviews were performed, and data were entered into a database and analyzed. Results We identified 203 patients with fragility proximal femoral fractures, and the data of 189 patients (109 male, 80 female; average age, 66.90 ± 13.43 years) were available for analysis. The overall mortality rate was 26.98% (51 patients). The mortality rate was significantly higher among patients with an ASA score of 4 (36.36%) than 1 (20.45%). With respect to morbidity, only 48.23% of patients were able to return to their pre-fracture status; 32.35% of those who required assisted walking and 83.4% of those who required a wheelchair became bedridden. Conclusions Our data demonstrate that patients with fragility hip fractures have high morbidity and a mortality rate approaching 30%. Age and the ASA score significantly influence this high mortality rate.

scholarly journals Potential of Allicin, Ajoene and Quercetin Contained in Garlic (Allium sativum) as a Promising Anti-Malarial

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Raynald Bagy ◽  
Josef Sem Berth Tuda ◽  
Dimas Prakoso ◽  
Tristan Kantohe
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Anopheles Mosquito ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Active Substances

Malaria is an infectious disease with a high morbidity and mortality rate caused by Plasmodium and is transmitted through the Anopheles mosquito. Garlic (Allium sativum) has active substances that can be used as medicinal ingredients. Several active substances, namely allicin, ajoene, and quercetin contained in garlic have the potential to act as an effective and safe anti plasmodium for the host. This writing is a literature review using relevant literature. The results of the study concluded that the active ingredients in garlic have potential to be a new antimalarial agent, and it is hoped that it can be a cheaper and more effective malaria treatment so that drug resistance and morbidity and mortality from malaria can be reduced.

scholarly journals Mycobacterium fortuitum abdominal wall abscesses following liposuction

2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (01) ◽  
pp. 58-61
Author(s):  
Hussam Al Soub ◽  
Eman Al-Maslamani ◽  
Mona Al-Maslamani
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Mycobacterium Fortuitum ◽  
Surgical Drainage ◽  
Abdominal Abscesses ◽  
Broad Spectrum Antibiotics

ABSTRACTwe describe here a case of abdominal abscesses due to mycobacterium fortuitum following liposuction. the abscesses developed three months after the procedure and diagnosis was delayed for five months. the clues for diagnosis were persistent pus discharge in spite of broad spectrum antibiotics and failure to grow any organisms on routine culture. this condition has been rarely reported; however, the increasing number of liposuction procedures done and awareness among physicians will probably result in the identification of more cases. combination antibiotic therapy with surgical drainage in more extensive diseases is essential for cure.

scholarly journals Experience with Tetanus in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Sudan: A Retrospective Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Mumen Abdalazim Dafallah ◽  
Esraa Ahmed Ragab ◽  
Omer Ali Mohamed Ahmed Elawad
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Central Sudan

Introduction. Tetanus is still a major health issue, especially in rural areas, and is associated with high morbidity and mortality rate. This study was conducted to describe the pattern of presentation and treatment outcome among adult patients infected with tetanus in our environment. Materials and Methods. This is a descriptive retrospective hospital-based study conducted in Wad Medani teaching hospital, central Sudan. A total of thirty-one patients were enrolled in this study in the period between January 2018 and December 2020. Results. Thirty-one patients were infected with tetanus during the study period. They were 23 (74.2%) males and 8 (25.8%) females with a male-to-female ratio of 2.875 : 1. Their ages ranged from 20 to 70 years, and most of them (48.4%) were free workers. Acute injuries were the most common portal of entry (64.51%), and commonly involved the lower limbs (48.38%). Lock jaw (54.8%), muscle spasm (51.6%), and neck pain and stiffness (45.2%) were the most common presentation. Supportive measures along with surgical toilet and debridement, human tetanus immunoglobulin, antibiotics, and muscle relaxants were initiated in all patients. The most common antibiotics used were Penicillin V and Ceftriaxone. A muscle relaxant was administered to aid in relieving the spasms. Complication rate was 61.29% and included pulmonary and cardiovascular complications. Fifteen patients died accounting for an overall mortality rate of 48.4%. Conclusions. Tetanus remains a disease with high morbidity and mortality. The unknown/incomplete vaccination status among study participants, inadequate management, and lack of equipped resources lead to a devastating outcome as in Sudan.

scholarly journals Management of Intracranial Abscess - Study of 30 cases

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-75
Author(s):  
Md L Rahman ◽  
ML Rahman ◽  
S Hossain ◽  
ASMS Ali ◽  
SK Pramanik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Brain Abscess ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Intracranial Abscess ◽  
Multiple Abscess ◽  
Brain Abscesses ◽  
Burr Hole Evacuation ◽  
Made In

Brain abscess may be solitary or multiple. They appear as areas of ill-defined cerebritis tomature well defined focal suppurative lesion with capsulated abscesses. Multiple brain abscessrecognized in as many as 50% of patients. In this study 30 patients were analyzed. Solitary brainabscess were more than multiple abscess. Age ranges from 6 years to 35 years. Male to femaleratio was 5:1. Intra parenchymal brain abscess occurred in all cases (100%), subdural orextradural lesions were nil. Brain abscesses were associated with CSOM. CT scan done in all(100%) patients as diagnostic tools. All (100%) patients under went Burr-hole evacuation withbroad-spectrum antibiotic therapy and 2 patients (06.66%) treated with long term anti tuberculartherapy. V-P shunt was made in 1 patient (03.33%) who had persistent venriculomegaly. In thisstudy mortality rate was zero.doi: 10.3329/taj.v16i2.3887TAJ December 2003; Vol.16(2): 73-75

scholarly journals The analysis of high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the adult population as a medical and social problem and the search for ways to solve it

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-64
Author(s):  
V. P. Kosolapov ◽  
M. V. Yarmonova
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Social Problem ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
Voronezh Region ◽  
The Russian Federation

Introduction. The article is devoted to the analysis of the state of cardiovascular morbidity (CVD), mortality of the population and the demographic situation, as well as determining the prevalence of CVD as a medical and social problem at the federal and regional levels. The analysis of the implementation of the policy of providing medical care to patients with CVD, modern scientific publications on the indicated problem, and the search for ways to solve the medical and social problem of high morbidity and mortality from CVD are carried out.Materials and methods. The data of official statistical information on the morbidity and mortality of the adult population of the Russian Federation and the Voronezh region for 2010–2019 were used, the works of modern domestic and foreign scientists dealing with the solution of this problem were studied.Results. It has been established that high CVD and mortality are an acute medical and social problem. Mortality from CVD in Russia in 2019 amount to 46.8% of the total number of deaths. The mortality rate from CVD in Russia exceeds that in the developed countries of the European Union. Despite the presence of positive trends in the fight against this disease, the mortality rate from CVD in the Voronezh region is higher than the average for the Russian Federation (601.8 and 573.2 per 100 thousand population, respectively). The deterioration of the demographic situation, the presence of active targeted projects in this area are the basis for conducting scientific research to find ways to duce CVD and mortality in the adult population.Conclusion. The high morbidity and mortality from CVD requires a search for new ways to solve the problem, since the existing approaches to its solution are not holistic and universal. It is urgent to develop an integrated approach that takes into account the medical and social characteristics of the adult population of the region.

Nosocomial meningitis: A case of Bacillus cereus central nervous system infection

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Central Nervous System Infection ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Nosocomial Meningitis ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Immunocompromised Hosts

We present a case of nosocomial Bacillus cereus meningitis, a rare cause of central nervous system infection with significant morbidity and mortality. While often contaminants, gram positive bacilli in the bloodstream of immunocompromised hosts requires a high index of suspicion to deliver timely antibiotic therapy.

scholarly journals Parvimonas micra: A potential causative pathogen to consider when diagnosing odontogenic brain abscesses

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Ruth Prieto ◽  
Alejandro Callejas-Díaz ◽  
Rasha Hassan ◽  
Alberto Pérez de Vargas ◽  
Luis Fernando López-Pájaro
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Brain Abscess ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Surgical Drainage ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Parvimonas Micra ◽  
Brain Abscesses

Background: Brain abscess is a life-threatening entity which requires prompt and long-term antibiotic therapy, generally associated with surgical drainage, and eradicating the primary source of infection. Parvimonas micra (Pm) has only been reported once before as the lone infecting organism of an orally originated, solitary brain abscess. Diagnosing brain abscesses caused by this Gram-positive anaerobic coccus, constituent of the oral cavity flora, is challenging, and an optimal treatment regimen has not been well established. We report the diagnosis and successful treatment of a Pm caused odontogenic brain abscess. Case Description: A 62-year-old immunocompetent male with a right-parietal brain abscess presented with headache and seizures. He was started on empirical antibiotic therapy and subsequently underwent surgical drainage. The only source of infection found was severe periodontitis with infected mandibular cysts. Thus, tooth extraction and cyst curettage were performed 1 week after brain surgery. Cultures of brain abscess fluid were negative, but amplification of bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) with polymerase chain reaction demonstrated Pm. After 3 weeks of intravenous ceftriaxone and metronidazole, the patient was switched to oral metronidazole and moxifloxacin for 6 weeks. Conclusions: This case highlights the potential risk of untreated dental infections causing brain abscesses. Pm should be considered as a possible pathogen of odontogenic brain abscesses despite its presence usually not being detected by standard bacterial cultures. Therefore, 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis is strongly recommended for bacterial identification before defining brain abscesses as cryptogenic.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document