scholarly journals Traditional Biodiversity Conservation Strategy As A Complement to the Existing Scientific Biodiversity Conservation Models in Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Dickson Adom
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Knowledge Systems ◽  
Scientific Models ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Biodiversity Management ◽  
Clear Cut

Biodiversity management in Ghana has been largely driven by scientific conservation models. The time-tested and useful traditional conservation ethos in the Ghanaian cultural and artistic elements such as festivals, proverbs, cosmological belief systems and taboos are often watered down by conservationists in biodiversity conservation schemes. This is due to conservationists’ lack of clear-cut guidelines on how to effectively utilize the traditional knowledge systems in complementing the scientific conservation models they are well versed. The developed traditional biodiversity strategy was based on the findings from a robust phenomenological study conducted among purposively and randomly sampled key stakeholders in biodiversity management in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. The document aims at offering comprehensive information and guidelines to conservationists on effective ways of implementing traditional knowledge systems in biodiversity conservation issues in Ghana. It ultimately aims at filling the dearth in traditional knowledge systems that have been an age-long problem for the conservation ministries and agencies in Ghana. The informative directions in the developed traditional biodiversity strategy would offer another lens to addressing conservation issues in Ghana while acting as a viable complement to the scientific models. This would ultimately maximize and enrich the conservation strategies for managing Ghana’s biodiversity.

scholarly journals Traditional forest-related knowledge and agrobiodiversity preservation: the case of the chagras in the Indigenous Reserve of Monochoa (Colombia)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Alejandra Hernandez Marentes ◽  
Martina Venturi ◽  
Silvia Scaramuzzi ◽  
Marco Focacci ◽  
Antonio Santoro
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Wild Fruits ◽  
Deep Relationship

AbstractChagras are complex agroforestry systems developed by indigenous populations of the Amazon region based on shifting agriculture, as part of a system that includes harvesting of wild fruits and plants, hunting and fishing. During the centuries, thanks to their traditional knowledge, indigenous populations have developed a deep relationship with the surrounding environment, as, living in remote places, they must be self-sufficient. The result is the chagra, a system whose cycle is based on seven basic steps to establish a successful and sustainable system, starting from place selection and ending with the abandonment of the plot after harvesting of the products. After the abandonment, the forest starts to grow again to allow the agroecosystem to recover and to take advantage of the residual vegetal material to avoid erosion. The paper takes into consideration the Indigenous Reserve of Monochoa in Colombia as an example of how traditional knowledge can support a rich biodiversity conservation. Moreover, differently from other parts of the world where there is a growing contrast between indigenous communities and protected areas, in the Indigenous Reserve of Monochoa local communities have been recognized as the owners of the land. Results highlighted the crucial role of the indigenous communities for biodiversity conservation. The preservation and adaptation of traditional knowledge and practices, a decentralized autonomous governance system demonstrates that local communities not only can be part of ecosystems with unique biodiversity, but that they can represent the main actors for an active conservation of biodiversity. Agroforestry systems based on traditional forest-related knowledge can therefore be an effective alternative to biodiversity and ecosystem services conservation based on strict nature protection where humans are perceived as a negative factor.

scholarly journals Analysis of private natural heritage reserves as a conservation strategy for the biodiversity of the cocoa region of the southern State of Bahia, Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 699-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Schiavetti ◽  
Haydee Torres de Oliveira ◽  
Alene da Silva Lins ◽  
Pablo Santana Santos
Keyword(s):  
Forest Succession ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Coastal Forest ◽  
Coastal Forests ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
Southern State ◽  
Private Organizations ◽  
Environmental Agencies

Brazil was the first country in Latin America to establish and regulate this type of reserve, and there are currently more than 700 Private Nature Heritage Reserves (RPPN in Portuguese) officially recognized by either federal or state environmental agencies. Together, these RPPN protect more than a half million hectares of land in the country. The coastal forests in the southern part of Bahia State extend 100 to 200 km inland, gradually changing in physiognomy as they occupy the dryer inland areas. The coastal forest has been subjected to intense deforestation, and currently occupies less than 10% of its original area. For this work the creation processes of the RPPN were consulted to obtain the data creation time, size of property, the condition of the remaining forest, succession chain and the last paid tax. After that, interviews with the owners were made to confirm this data. Sixteen RPPN have been established in this region until 2005. Their sizes vary from 4.7 to 800 ha. Ten of these RPPN are located within state or federal conservation areas or their buffer zones. In spite of the numerous national and international conservation strategies and environmental policies focused on the region, the present situation of the cocoa zone is threatening the conservation of the region's natural resources. The establishment of private reserves in the cocoa region could conceivably improve these conservation efforts. This type of reserve can be established under a uniform system supported by federal legislation, and could count on private organizations.

scholarly journals Weathering the Storm: Supernatural belief and cooperation in an insecure world

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Anne McNamara
Keyword(s):  
Resource Availability ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Dictator Game ◽  
Support Networks ◽  
Knowledge Systems ◽  
Traditional Beliefs ◽  
Traditional Belief ◽  
Supernatural Beliefs ◽  
Belief Content

Religious and supernatural beliefs may facilitate social life by promoting and sustaining cooperation, but the specific cooperation problems each society faces may lead to unique belief systems adapted to local socio-ecological conditions. As societies mix and belief systems spread, local and introduced belief systems may present conflicting solutions to the same social problem. How do we choose among these different solutions? The present study recruits participation from villagers living on Yasawa Island, Fiji (N=179), who espouse both Christian and traditional beliefs that promote different expectations about local and distant others. This study focuses on the relationships among existential/ resource insecurity and supernatural beliefs across these belief systems using an experimental priming procedure and a dictator game to allocate food resources. Though reminders of insecurity had no impact on allocations, the effects of being reminded of Christian or Traditional belief depended on (was moderated by) how worried participants were about resource availability and beliefs about the Christian God’s tendency toward punishment or forgiveness. Analyses of interview data suggest Christian and Traditional imagery may evoke different conceptions of Gods as either supportive (Christian) or authoritarian (Traditional). Results highlight belief content as key for sustaining different social support networks and traditional belief/ knowledge systems as a source of community resilience against threats like natural disasters.

scholarly journals In vitro performance in cotton plants with different genetic backgrounds: the case of Gossypium hirsutum in Mexico, and its implications for germplasm conservation

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Hernández-Terán ◽  
Ana Wegier ◽  
Mariana Benítez ◽  
Rafael Lira ◽  
Tania Gabriela Sosa Fuentes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Germplasm Conservation ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Wild Germplasm ◽  
Wild Cotton

One of the best ex situ conservation strategies for wild germplasm is in vitro conservation of genetic banks. The success of in vitro conservation relies heavily on the micropropagation or performance of the species of interest. In the context of global change, crop production challenges and climate change, we face a reality of intensified crop production strategies, including genetic engineering, which can negatively impact biodiversity conservation. However, the possible consequences of transgene presence for the in vitro performance of populations and its implications for biodiversity conservation are poorly documented. In this study we analyzed experimental evidence of the potential effects of transgene presence on the in vitro performance of Gossypium hirsutum L. populations, representing the Mexican genetic diversity of the species, and reflect on the implications of such presence for ex situ genetic conservation of the natural variation of the species. We followed an experimental in vitro performance approach, in which we included individuals from different wild cotton populations as well as individuals from domesticated populations, in order to differentiate the effects of domestication traits dragged into the wild germplasm pool via gene flow from the effects of transgene presence. We evaluated the in vitro performance of five traits related to plant establishment (N = 300): propagation rate, leaf production rate, height increase rate, microbial growth and root development. Then we conducted statistical tests (PERMANOVA, Wilcoxon post-hoc tests, and NMDS multivariate analyses) to evaluate the differences in the in vitro performance of the studied populations. Although direct causality of the transgenes to observed phenotypes requires strict control of genotypes, the overall results suggest detrimental consequences for the in vitro culture performance of wild cotton populations in the presence of transgenes. This provides experimental, statistically sound evidence to support the implementation of transgene screening of plants to reduce time and economic costs in in vitro establishment, thus contributing to the overarching goal of germplasm conservation for future adaptation.

scholarly journals Flagship species approach: are we heading on the right track?

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Kanchan Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Flagship Species ◽  
Conservation Science ◽  
Conservation Implications ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
The Right ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Aim The paper aims to evaluate the usefulness of the Flagship Species Approach (FSA) as a conservation strategy. Location The study was conducted primarily among the conservation practitioners working with the flagship species in Nepal. Material and Methods Using a structured questionnaire, a total of 89 conservationists from three different categories of conservation agencies: government, nongovernmental organizations, and intellectuals (academics and researchers), were asked about their views regarding the FSA in bringing conservation benefits and reducing the biodiversity threats. I used non-parametric tests for analyzing the data. Key findings A majority of respondents shared the view that the FSA is being used effectively in raising funds for conservation and in bringing awareness to people and enhancing conservation of other species. Level of satisfaction pertaining to FSA, however, differed among the governmental / nongovernmental organizations and the intellectual agencies. Conservation implications This study found that FSA had been instrumental in raising the funds for biodiversity conservation and keeping the science in the forerunner. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/cs.v1i1.9585 Conservation Science 2013 1(1), 47-52

scholarly journals Sustainable and traditional technologies in Kutahya historic houses and their contribution to circularity: the case of Lajos Kossuth house

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Betül Ankaralıgil ◽  
Gülşen Dişli
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Knowledge Systems ◽  
Service Systems ◽  
Historic Buildings ◽  
Construction Technology ◽  
Building Systems ◽  
Heritage Buildings ◽  
Cradle To Cradle

<p>It is important to preserve historic buildings in their original conditions, not only to protect building integrity but also to sustain Traditional Knowledge Systems. As stated by ICCROM, those Traditional Knowledge Systems play an important role in the conservation and management of heritage. Among them, building service systems including heating, cooling, ventilation, lighting, drainage, and their architectural construction technology help sustain heritage buildings and extend their life cycle with a minimum level of energy demand. Passive survivability means also contribute to comfort conditions, opening new scenarios for the designing of contemporary buildings. Hence, in this research, first, traditional Kutahya houses were examined in terms of their construction, technology, and architecture. Then, among them, Lajos Kossuth House, dated the 18<sup>th</sup> century, has been chosen as an exemplary to investigate its traditional building service systems in more detail from the point of circularity in construction, their contribution to circular economy, Cradle to Cradle (C2C) strategies, and design for adaptability principles (DfA).  It is observed that they are mostly in a well-preserved condition in terms of both function and character-defining features. However, after 1982, during its refurbishment work to be used as a museum, some of its original details, especially the ones related to waste and clean water were destroyed. To be able to sustain and protect the rest of the original service systems and related architectural construction details in this case study building, they should first be documented, well defined and their recognition should be increased to serve as a model for the maintenance of similar building systems. In addition, it might be possible to transfer the knowledge of those passive survivability means and circular construction principles to contemporary buildings.</p>

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