scholarly journals Contemporary floristic changes in the Karkonosze Mts.

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Fabiszewski ◽  
Bronisław Wojtuń
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Rare Plants ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Decomposition Of Organic Matter ◽  
Forest Belts ◽  
Tatra Mts ◽  
Anthropogenic Nitrogen ◽  
Terricolous Bryophytes

The paper presents the transformations of species composition in the main plant communities of the Karkonosze Mts. subalpine and alpine belts during the last 35 years. The investigations of floristic changes were performed in associations: <em>Carici (rigidae)-Nardetum</em>, <em>Carici-Festucetum supinae</em>, <em>Crepidi-Calamagrostietum villose</em> and <em>Empetro-Vaccinietum</em>. Signalized are also some vegetation transformations in the remaining belts. The progressing floristic degradation of plant communities in the subalpine and alpine belts consists in: (a) expansion of grasses, (b) decline of rare vascular plants, and (c) elimination of terricolous bryophytes and lichens. In spruce forest belts declining are species connected with old-growth spruce forests like: <em>Listera cordata</em> and <em>Moneses uniflora</em>. The changes of plant communities of low mountain swards (<em>Nardetalia</em>) caused by cessation of pasture and mowing in the cause of retreat of many rare plants, like e.g., <em>Arnica montana</em>. The main cause of the still lasting in the Karkonosze Mts. community transformations is the changes in soil environment connected with anthropogenic nitrogen fertilization. The large inflow of mineral nitrogen from the atmosphere (1138 mg/m<sup>2</sup> sum for vegetation season) is the reason of accelerated rate of decomposition of organic matter and intensified nitrification. The high content of nitrates in soil (5 times higher than in the Tatra Mts. swards) is the reason of expansion of graminoids, mainly <em>Deschampsia flexuosa</em>, <em>Calamagrostis villosa</em> and <em>Carex bigelowii</em> subsp. <em>rigida</em>. The overfertilisation of habitats causes the retreat of rare high mountain vascular plants and the decline of terricolous bryophytes and lichens.

scholarly journals Diversity and distribution of vascular plants within the treeline ecotone in Mount Iremel (Southern Urals, Russia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Trubina ◽  
Alexey Nesterkov
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Ural Mountains ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Relict Species ◽  
Treeline Ecotone

During the last 100 years, rapid advances of trees towards higher elevations and latitudes have been recorded for various regions worldwide, including the Ural Mountains. Climate warming and tree cover increases can lead to significant changes in the high-mountain vegetation. Direct observations on the vegetation of high-mountain regions provide evidence for an increase in the species diversity of plants at high elevations and changes in the composition of the alpine communities. This study investigated the diversity and distribution of vascular plants within the present-day treeline ecotone in Mount Iremel, the Southern Urals. The dataset (Trubina and Nesterkov 2021, available from the GBIF network at https://www.gbif.org/dataset/284f1484-10b7-4ef5-87b7-9de1159e6b42) presents the results of an assessment of species richness and frequency of vascular plants at the different elevation levels (from 1203 to 1348 m a.s.l.) and different biotopes (birch-spruce shrub forest, birch-spruce sparse forest and spruce forest with fragments of meadow plant communities) within the treeline ecotone in Mount Iremel, Southern Urals. Observations were carried out at 700 sampling plots with two estimation methods: small-size plot (0.5 × 0.5 m) sampling (672 plots in total) and large-size plot (10 × 10 m) sampling (28 plots). The dataset includes 700 sampling events (= sampling plots), corresponding to 5585 occurrences (vascular plants, mainly identified to species) observed during July 2003. Only occurrences containing plant taxa (occurrenceStatus = present) have been provided. The dataset includes information about distribution and frequency of the Ural endemic species (Anemone narcissiflora subsp. biarmiensis (Juz.) Jalas, Calamagrostis uralensis Litv., Cerastium krylovii Schischk. &amp; Gorczak., Festuca igoschiniae Tzvel., Hieracium iremelense (Elfstr.) Üksip, Lagotis uralensis Schischk, Pleurospermum uralense Hoffm.) and the Pleistocene relict species (Alopecurus magellanicus Lam., Bistorta vivipara (L.) Delarbre, Cerastium pauciflorum Stev. ex. Ser., Pedicularis oederi Vahl, Saussurea controversa DC., Swertia perennis L.). The dataset also provides information that can be useful for estimating biodiversity and plant communities composition within the treeline ecotone at a specified time period and contributes to the study of biodiversity conservation in the Ural Region.

scholarly journals Rare plants and plant communities of rich fens of “Malaya Sosva” Nature Reserve (Western Siberia)

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-92
Author(s):  
Elena D. Lapshina ◽  
Galina N. Ganasevich ◽  
Aleksandra L. Vasina
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Rare Plants ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Dwarf Birch ◽  
Data Book ◽  
Thelypteris Palustris ◽  
The Right

A geobotanical survey of rich fens on the left-bank terraces of the Em-Egan River, the right tributary of the Malaya Sosva River in the southern part of the nature reserve “Malaya Sosva” (61.79° - 62.05° N, 64.06° - 64.55° E). 179 species have been identified, including 84 species of higher vascular plants, 69 species of mosses and 26 types of liverworts. Of these, 11 species are included in the Red Data Book of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District, including 9 species of higher vascular plants and 2 species of mosses: Baeothryon alpinum, Cardamine nymanii, Dactylorhiza traunsteineri, D. incarnata, Hammarbya paludosa, Huperzia selago, Saxifraga hirculus, Thelypteris palustris, Triglochin palustre, Meesia triquetra, Paludella squarrosa. Three more species – Corallorrhiza trifida, Calliergon richardsonii, Meesia uliginosa are included in the list of species whose condition in the natural environment requires special attention. In addition, such rare species as Eriophorum brachyantherum, Stellaria crassifolia, Bistorta major, rare species of mosses such as Bryum bimum, Calliergonella cuspidata, Campylium pretense, Hamatocaulis vernicosus, Scorpidium cossonii, Tomentypnum nitens are listed in the mire plant communities. On the basis of the ecological-floral approach of the J. Brown-Blanke school, 8 associations, 6 subassociations and 3 communities from 5 unions, 3 orders and 3 classes of vegetation were allocated in the vegetation cover of rich fens. The belonging of one more vegetation community type of the Bistorta major–Sphagnum fuscum dwarf birch community with the sparse fir (Picea obovata) to the class and the order is not established. The highest phytocenotic diversity and the highest concentration of rare and protected species are found in communities of the order Sphagno warnstorfii-Tomentypneetalia. Phytocenotic association and frequency of occurrence of rare species in different types of plant communities are established.

Alpine vegetation of the Ivanovskiy, Prokhodnoy and Rossypnoy Ridges (Western Altai)

2015 ◽  
pp. 96-124
Author(s):  
E. G. Zibzeev ◽  
T. A. Nedovesova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Climate Forcing ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Air Mass ◽  
Rich Diversity ◽  
Mountain Systems ◽  
Mountain Vegetation ◽  
Coenotic Diversity

The mountain systems are characterized by diverse ecological conditions (climate, geomorphological, soil, etc.). The wide spectrum of environmental conditions entails a rich diversity of plant communities growing on the small territory and determines the different flora and vegetation geneses. The uniqueness of floristic and coenotic diversities of the high-mountain vegetation of the south of Western Altai (Ivanovskiy, Prokhodnoi, and Rossypnoi Ranges) are associated with the effect of two climate-forcing factors such as the westerly humid air mass and dry warm airflow from the inner Kazakhstan regions. The paper summarizes the data on coenotic diversity (Zibzeev, 2010, 2012) and gives a syntaxonomic analysis of the high-mountain vege­tation in the Ivanovskii, Prokhodnoi, and Rossypnoi Ranges (Western Altai, Kazakhstan). The classification of plant communities was carried out using the Braun-Blanquet approach (Westhoff, van der Maarel, 1973). The relevés records were stored in the TURBOVEG database and classified by ­TWINSPAN (Hill 1979).

INFLUENCE OF HERACLEUM SOSNOWSKYI MANDEN. ON BIODIVERSITY OF VASCULAR PLANTS OF THE PROTECTED AREA «LIPOVAYA GORA» (PERM)

2020 ◽  
pp. 272-279
Author(s):  
D. N. Tiunov ◽  
◽  
E. G. Efimik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Projective Cover ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Heracleum Sosnowskyi ◽  
Rapid Spread

The problem of invasion of Sosnowsky hogweed (Heracleum sosnowskyi Manden.) In the Lipovaya Gora SPNA in Perm is considered. A map of distribution of hogweed cenopopulations in the protected area is presented. The results of the influence of the invasion of Sosnovsky hogweed on the biodiversity of vascu-lar plants of some plant communities are presented. It was revealed that the invasion of hogweed into phytocenoses of the Lipovaya Gora protected area leads to a decrease in the biodiversity of vascular plants by about 26.4% (up to 12 plant species). The ways of introduction of cow parsnip into the communities of the protected area are considered. High seed productivity, high projective cover, reaching in some cases 100%, high phytomass, the presence of dormant seeds, rapid development in spring, and high anthropo-genic load on the territory determine the rapid spread of H. sosnowskyi.

scholarly journals Vegetation dynamics under non-strong agricultural impact (by the example of Oktyabrsk village environs in the Uchalinskiy District of the Republic of Bashkortostan)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-127
Author(s):  
Nazar Nikolayevich Nazarenko ◽  
Svetlana Yuryevna Batyusheva
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Vegetation Dynamics ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Pasture Digression ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Principal Factors ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Agricultural Impact

Vegetation and its biotopes that are transitional between ruderal and natural ones have been researched in Oktyabrsk village environs (Uchalinskiy District of the Republic of Bashkortostan). The studied vegetation is characterized by rather low biodiversity values and high values of dominance 56 species of vascular plants are identified, 10-species plant communities with 23 clear identified dominant and co-dominant species prevail. Ruderal species are dominant and co-dominant for the majority of plant communities. Fifteen plant associations and specific biotopes have been defined by multivariate statistics methods. The identified associations are phytometers for detected principal abiotic factors. The detected associations form ordination series the authors have identified three biotopical centers (ruderal, birch forest and steppe), three biotopical series and three coenotic series, which are associated with high and temperate pasture loading levels and pasture digression series, forming an integrated succession system of the studied territory. It has been established that principal factors of associations forming is pasture loading level and the principal factors of biotopes forming are soil moistening and its variability, ombroregime (humidification level), termoregime and regime of continentality (temperature-varying amplitude).

Influence of disturbances and climate on high-mountain Norway spruce forests in the Low Tatra Mts., Slovakia

2016 ◽  
Vol 380 ◽  
pp. 128-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuzana Parobeková ◽  
Denisa Sedmáková ◽  
Stanislav Kucbel ◽  
Ján Pittner ◽  
Peter Jaloviar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Spruce Forests ◽  
Tatra Mts

scholarly journals Flora and vegetation of the Minusinsk town and its vicinity

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 00016
Author(s):  
Maria Larina ◽  
Olga Zyryanova
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Pine Forests

The article demonstrates the results of studies about species composition of lichens, fungi, mosses and higher vascular plants found in the ribbon pine forests in the Minusinsk town and its vicinity. The article based on the original authors’ herbaria. 62 basidial macromycetes, 80 lichens and 210 species of the higher vascular plants were found in the studied area. The plant communities and their dominant species were studied.

scholarly journals Ungulate damage on Scots pines in Mediterranean environments: effects of association with shrubs

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 739-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M Gómez ◽  
José A Hódar ◽  
Regino Zamora ◽  
Jorge Castro ◽  
Daniel García
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Associational Resistance ◽  
Southeastern Spain ◽  
Associational Susceptibility ◽  
Mechanical Barrier

The spatial structure of plant communities as well as the quality and abundance of neighbours can strongly influence the intensity of herbivory suffered by a plant. In this paper, we study the effect of the association with shrubs on the ungulate herbivory suffered by Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris var. nevadensis Christ., Pinaceae) saplings in two isolated, fragmented populations in southeastern Spain. For this, we monitored herbivory on saplings with regard to the microhabitat in which they grew. We distinguished pines growing in open interspaces, on the edge of shrubs and within the canopy of shrubs, and also we distinguished four functional types of shrubs: thorny shrubs, nonthorny shrubs, thorny scrubs, and nonthorny scrubs. Our results show that association with shrubs increases the damage inflicted on Scots pine saplings. In fact, saplings growing in the open patches, far from the shrubs, escaped from herbivory more frequently and incurred less damage than did saplings growing close to shrubs. However, herbivory was also reduced when pine saplings were completely surrounded by shrubs, since then they served as a mechanical barrier. The type of neighbouring shrub did not affect the overall damage suffered by pines, despite the fact that the ungulates damaged the nonthorny scrubs more intensely than the other kinds of shrubs. Consequently, saplings have an advantage when growing within the canopy of shrubs; these constitute key microsites for pine recruitment in these Mediterranean forests.Key words: associational resistance, associational susceptibility, mammalian herbivory, Mediterranean high mountain, neighbouring effects, Pinus sylvestris var. nevadensis.

Geographical Elements in the Flora of Victoria

1976 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 249 ◽  
Author(s):  
PB Bridgewater
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Central Victoria ◽  
South Central ◽  
Southern Half ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Geographical Elements ◽  
Very High

Distribution data for vascular plants in Victoria were recorded on grid squares of 1° latitude by 1.5° longitude. Data for six angiosperm families (Cyperaceae, Liliaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Rhamnaceae, Rutaceae and Myrtaceae) were analysed by the techniques of normal and inverse association analysis. Analyses of the data produced a series of species groups with similar geographical ranges (elements). These elements may be broadly divided into eastern and western groups, with two exceptions-one extending over the southern half of the State and the other occupying the coastal fringe. Geographical elements are helpful in defining the range of plant communities, as well as suggesting hypotheses as to the origins of floras. South central Victoria is seen to be a junction for species of both the eastern and western groups of elements, which may explain the very high number of species recorded from the Melbourne region.

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