scholarly journals Integrated Assessment of Farming System Outputs: Lithuanian Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-290
Author(s):  
Anastasija Novikova ◽  
Lucia Rocchi ◽  
Grazina Startiene
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Assessment ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
A Value ◽  
Conventional Production ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Market Output

Agriculture provides people with different market outputs. However, market outputs are not the only kind of output provided by agriculture: non-market outputs are produced jointly with the market ones in an agroecosystem. All the outputs produced by agriculture can be classified as the ecosystem services. The magnitude and levels of farming outputs depend on different technologies of production; i.e. different farming systems generate different outputs. Assessing the output of agriculture is quite simple in terms of the market value, but not so easy for non-market outputs. Moreover, evaluation of market and non-market outputs is usually performed separately. The objectives of this paper are to present an integrated evaluation framework for the outputs, marketable and non-marketable, associated with different farming systems. For the case study, we proposed the evaluation of the market and non-market output, associated with milk production in Lithuania, considering both organic and conventional production. In terms of the market evaluation, the results have shown that organic farming produced a value 1.24 times higher than conventional, while the valuation result associated with the non-market output is 83 time higher in organic than in conventional one. The study is the first attempt to develop a framework for integrated evaluation of farming outputs, taking into account market and non-market outputs and considering different types of farming systems.

scholarly journals Historical Transition of a Farming System towards Industrialization: A Danish Agricultural Case Study Comparing Sustainability in the 1840s and 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12926
Author(s):  
Nele Lohrum ◽  
Morten Graversgaard ◽  
Chris Kjeldsen
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Farming System ◽  
System Level ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Historical Transition ◽  
Farm System ◽  
Over Time

A Danish pre-industrial farming system is reconstructed and compared to its modern industrialized farming system equivalent to evaluate agricultural performance in a sustainability perspective. The investigated Danish farm system and its contributing elements have undergone significant transformations. The intensity of contemporary agriculture shows that high productivity levels have been achieved by increasing the input of energy using modern machinery. At the same time, the energy efficiency (calculations based on energetic indicators) diminishes over time as the degree of dependence on fossil fuels increases. The results from this study show significant changes in the farming system, specifically inputs from agricultural land use, livestock, and energy systems. From being highly circular, the system changed to being a clear linear farming system with highly increased productivity but less efficient at the same time, questioning the relationship between productivity and efficiency and resource utilization in modern farming systems. Through utilizing an agroecological historical approach by comparing system performance over time, the results offer opportunities to explore how agricultural farming systems evolve over time and help to describe the complexity of the system level in a sustainability perspective.

scholarly journals Biodiversity And Dynamics Of Occurence Of Epigeic Groups In Different Types Of Farming

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Jana Porhajašová ◽  
Jaroslav Noskovič ◽  
Alena Rakovská ◽  
Mária Babošová ◽  
Terézia Čeryová
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Trophic Conditions ◽  
Ecological Farming ◽  
Integrated Farming ◽  
Different Types

Abstract The aim of this work was to determine and compare the occurrence of epigeic groups in two methods of farming, ecological one and integrated one. The research was conducte in the locality Nitra – Dolná Malanta in the years 2013 and 2014. The monitoring locality is situated in the south-western part of Slovakia, in altitude 175–180 m on highly productive soils. For the collection of biological material, the earth traps method was applied, used during the vegetation period (from April to October), within both farming systems, at Hordeum sativum, Triticum aestivum and Vicia faba undersowing with Medicago sativa. In canopy of these crops, two soil traps were installed, renewed in monthly intervals. The total of 7,722 exemplars of epigeic groups was obtained, of which 4,355 exemplars were in ecological farming and 3,367 exemplars in integrated farming system. In both treatments, 19 epigeic groups were determined, with dominant abundance of Coleoptera, Collembola, Acarina, Araneae. Also other groups such as Diplopoda, Heteroptera, Chilopoda etc. were observed in lower occurrence. Based on the evaluation of influence of the crop in terms of the occurrence of epigeic groups, the most suitable conditions created Vicia faba with undersowing Medicago sativa (integrated farming) and Triticum aestivum (ecological farming). On the basis of calculated indexes, both farming systems can be evaluated as homeostatically balanced, providing present epigeic groups with topical and trophic conditions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of farming system outputs in Lithuania: methodological proposal

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasija Novikova ◽  
Lucia Rocchi ◽  
Gražina Startienė
Keyword(s):  
Choice Experiment ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Nested Logit ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Negative Externalities ◽  
Land Covers

Agriculture produces jointly market and non-market outputs, and their supply depends on the nature of production. The role of agriculture as an economic activity and its consequences are essential for the Lithuanian case study, as agricultural land covers more than a half of the Lithuanian land. The market does not consider the positive and negative externalities created in agroecosystems. Therefore, specific techniques such as stated preferences methods are used for evaluation of non-market outputs in agriculture. Works by foreign researchers provide a comprehensive analysis of the aspects of nontradable agricultural aspects, usually focusing on evaluation of the benefit or damage to society from agricultural activity. There is lack of an integrated evaluation of farming system outputs in view of the specifics and intensity of farming. The main aim of this paper is to present construction of the methodology for integration of evaluation of farming system outputs in Lithuania, with the main focus on non-market outputs, as the values of agricultural market outputs are clear and fully revealed in official statistics. The conventional and organic farming has been selected for the Lithuanian case study. For the both farming systems, the research covers crops (including both cereals and industrials crops) and livestock (including dairy and cattle) production. The choice experiment (CE) method was selected as appropriate for evaluation of non-market outputs of different farming systems in Lithuanian agriculture. The nested logit was selected for econometric modelling of the value of non-market agricultural outputs. Applying the constructed and checked methodology, consumers’ willingness to pay for agroecosystem public goods of different farming systems will be elicited during the main survey.

scholarly journals Technical efficiency and productivity of farms: a periurban case study analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Gaviglio ◽  
Rosalia Filippini ◽  
Fabio Albino Madau ◽  
Maria Elena Marescotti ◽  
Eugenio Demartini
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Multifunctional Agriculture ◽  
Case Study Analysis ◽  
Food Supply Chains ◽  
Short Food Supply Chains ◽  
Efficiency And Productivity

AbstractPeriurban farming systems are characterized by the need to adapt the farming practices coping with a modified natural and social environment. Questions are thus posed on the efficient use of the inputs. The purpose of this study is to estimate the technical efficiency and the productivity of periurban farms. To do so, the study employs a data envelopment analysis that properly captures the heterogeneity of the periurban farming system. The sample considered livestock and crop farms, located in the South Milan Agricultural Park, where 50 farms were selected and interviewed. Results show that crop farms are more efficient than livestock farms, but they have a less productive technology. The participation in short food supply chains and the multifunctional agriculture does not affect the levels of technical efficiency of the farms. Policies are thus needed to improve the education level of farmers and to sustain the efficiency of farms that diversify the farm’s economy.

scholarly journals ECONOMIES OF MANGO CULTIVATION IN A WHOLE-FARM APPROACH FOR SMALLHOLDER FARMERS: A CASE STUDY FROM INDIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (Spl-3-NRMCSSA_2021) ◽  
pp. S286-S296
Author(s):  
Mehjabeen . ◽  
◽  
Saravanadurai A ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Integrated Farming

This case study is about farming systems followed by small mango growers of a Srinivaspur sub-district of Kolar district in Karnataka, India. Over the years, the size of landholdings decreased and suitability has become an issue. The integrated farming system is mostly desired but, the kind of cropping pattern which would bring profitability and sustainability for smallholding farmers under dryland conditions has not been extensively explored. This research analyzes and explains the economies of scale and scope for the smallholder mango growers both in irrigated and rain-fed conditions. The data covers the period from April 2016 to March 2017. Total, 320 smallholder mango growers from Srinivaspur; a sub-district of Kolar in India were randomly interviewed in person, using a structured pre-tested interview schedule. Suitable analytical techniques were used with the data obtained. Further, the results of the study suggested the optimum farming pattern to enhance the income and bring more sustainability to the farmers both in rain-fed and irrigated conditions.

Participatory Mapping in Browns Canyon National Monument, Colorado (USA)

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
John Harner ◽  
Lee Cerveny ◽  
Rebecca Gronewold
Keyword(s):  
Land Management ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Bureau Of Land Management ◽  
National Monument ◽  
Resource Managers ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Us Forest Service ◽  
Natural Resource Managers

Natural resource managers need up-to-date information about how people interact with public lands and the meanings these places hold for use in planning and decision-making. This case study explains the use of public participatory Geographic Information System (GIS) to generate and analyze spatial patterns of the uses and values people hold for the Browns Canyon National Monument in Colorado. Participants drew on maps and answered questions at both live community meetings and online sessions to develop a series of maps showing detailed responses to different types of resource uses and landscape values. Results can be disaggregated by interaction types, different meaningful values, respondent characteristics, seasonality, or frequency of visit. The study was a test for the Bureau of Land Management and US Forest Service, who jointly manage the monument as they prepare their land management plan. If the information generated is as helpful throughout the entire planning process as initial responses seem, this protocol could become a component of the Bureau’s planning tool kit.

Endangered Butterflies and their Non-Native Host Plants: Examining Shifting Values of Belonging in Restoration

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Robert M. Anderson ◽  
Amy M. Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Restoration ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Puget Sound ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Social ◽  
Remote Island ◽  
Scientific Truth ◽  
Native Host

The island marble butterfly (Euchloe ausonides insulanus), thought to be extinct throughout the 20th century until re-discovered on a single remote island in Puget Sound in 1998, has become the focus of a concerted protection effort to prevent its extinction. However, efforts to “restore” island marble habitat conflict with efforts to “restore” the prairie ecosystem where it lives, because of the butterfly’s use of a non-native “weedy” host plant. Through a case study of the island marble project, we examine the practice of ecological restoration as the enactment of particular norms that define which species are understood to belong in the place being restored. We contextualize this case study within ongoing debates over the value of “native” species, indicative of deep-seated uncertainties and anxieties about the role of human intervention to alter or manage landscapes and ecosystems, in the time commonly described as the “Anthropocene.” We interpret the question of “what plants and animals belong in a particular place?” as not a question of scientific truth, but a value-laden construct of environmental management in practice, and we argue for deeper reflexivity on the part of environmental scientists and managers about the social values that inform ecological restoration.

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