scholarly journals Composition of stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopic of precipitation and its influencing factors in karst area, northwest Guangxi of China

2022 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
张君,陈洪松,黄荣 ZHANG Jun
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siwen Feng ◽  
Hongya Wang ◽  
Hongyan Liu ◽  
Chenyi Zhu ◽  
Shuai Li

<div>With the implementation of the Grain to Green Project, the vegetation growth in karst region in southwest China has increased. In order to explore whether the growth of trees can be sustained after artificial afforestation in karst area and the influence of the forestland change on soil erosion, the WaTEM/SEDEM model was used to simulate the 11 stages of annual soil erosion in the past 33 years in Chongan river drainage basin in Guizhou, and the dominant influencing factors of soil erosion change in the past 33 years were discussed based the pixel scale in this study. The results showed that the forestland increased in a fluctuating way after the conversion project, and the decrease of forestland was mainly caused by drought, especially in the area where the dolomites were distributed. Therefore, the change of forestland caused no significant improvement in soil erosion since the Grain to Green Project.</div><p><!--5f39ae17-8c62-4a45-bc43-b32064c9388a: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></p>


Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1493
Author(s):  
Huaming Li ◽  
Shiyang Liu ◽  
Shuai Xiong ◽  
Hao Leng ◽  
Huiqiang Chen ◽  
...  

The crystalline blockage of tunnel drainage pipes in a karst area seriously affects the normal operation of drainage system and buries hidden dangers for the normal operation of the tunnel. In order to obtain the influencing factors and laws of tunnel drainage pipe crystallization in a karst area, based on the field investigation of crystallization pipe plugging, the effects of groundwater velocity, drainage pipe diameter, drainage pipe material, and structure on the crystallization law of tunnel drainage pipe in karst area are studied by indoor model test. The results show that: (1) With the increase of drainage pipe diameter (20–32 mm), the crystallinity of drainage pipes first increases and then decreases. (2) With the increase of water velocity in the drainage pipe (22.0–63.5 cm·s−1), the crystallinity of the drainage pipes gradually decreases from 1.20 g to 0.70 g. (3) The crystallinity of existing material drainage pipe is: M3 (poly tetra fluoroethylene) > M2 (pentatricopeptide repeats) > M4 (high density polyethylene) > M1 (polyvinyl chloride); M8 (polyvinyl chloride + coil magnetic field) is used to change the crystallinity of drain pipe wall material. (4) When the groundwater flow rate is 34.5 cm·s−1, M1 (polyvinyl chloride) and M8 (polyvinyl chloride + coil magnetic field) can be selected for the tunnel drainage pipe. The research on the influencing factors of tunnel drainage pipe crystallization plugging fills a gap in the research of tunnel drainage pipe crystallization plugging. The research results can provide a basis for the prevention and treatment technology of tunnel drainage pipe crystallization plugging.


Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 609
Author(s):  
Fen Huang ◽  
Xiaomei Wei ◽  
Tongbin Zhu ◽  
Zhuanxi Luo ◽  
Jianhua Cao

The bioavailable contents of heavy metals in karstic soils are a subject of increasing concern since the uptake of heavy metals by plants can pose a severe threat to food safety and public health. However, the bioavailable contents of heavy metals and their effective factors are poorly understood in karst regions. Calcareous soil and red soil developed from carbonate and clastic rocks, respectively, were chosen from a typical karst region (Guilin) of southwestern China, and the total (CT) and available (CA) contents of 11 heavy metals, as well as their influencing factors in soil profiles, were investigated. The results showed that calcareous soil has greater soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available potassium, and calcium (Ca) contents than red soil, but lower available phosphorus and C:N. Acid-soluble Ca (Aca) was the dominant fraction in both types of soil. Heavy metals were highly accumulated in calcareous soil, mainly controlled by secondary enrichment in the processing of carbonate rock weathering. For the majority of metals, calcareous soil had higher CT and lower CA than red soil. According to a redundancy analysis (RDA) and Pearson correlation coefficient, the high pH and Ca content in calcareous soils were primary factors influencing both the CT and CA of the metals, especially residual Ca to CT and Aca to CA. Additionally, higher soil cation exchange capacity and clay minerals also probably improved the immobility of heavy metals.


CATENA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 411-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miaomiao Wang ◽  
Hongsong Chen ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Kelin Wang

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Iozsef ◽  
O Ilyés ◽  
P Miheller ◽  
AV Patai
Keyword(s):  

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