Analysis of Thin Wall Structures for Energy Absorption Applications by ABAQUS

Crash-dynamics research has always concentrated significantly in the safety, survivability of passengers in a car crash. To identify the capability of energy absorption of a crash box, a thin-walled structure will be modeled and simulated by ABAQUS software. Investigate the influence of material, cross-sectional, thickness factors on the energy absorption capacity of the tube, using MCDM – Multi-Criteria Decision-Making to get the best option and testing the improvement while filling the tube with Foam material. In this study, beside the cross-sectional, aluminum alloys and steel materials and thickness are factors that influence the energy absorption evaluation criteria, the foam material with difference density are surveyed to compare effectiveness between the foam-filled and hollow crashboxes. The results show that the folds of the foam-filled tube after deformation along the compressive direction will be more continuous and stable. More, the higher foam density, the greater the energy absorption. This prevents the crashbox from deviating from the direction of the force, help directing the collapse of the tube, thereby improving energy absorption without significantly increasing the weight of the structure.

The effect of hand hygiene intervention on the knowledge and skills level of school children: A Literature Review

ABSTRACT Background: Hand washing is an alternative, effective and inexpensive method that can be used to prevent infectious diseases. Washing hands with soap can improve children's health. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of hand hygiene intervention on the level of knowledge and skills of elementary school students. The method used to conduct this research is a critical review, namely by reviewing articles from databases such as Google Scholar, Pubmed, Direct, Medline. The search keywords used were: quantitative studies on delivery, intervention, hand hygiene, skills, children, and primary school. The selected articles are articles that meet the standard writing criteria, which were published between 2017-2021, both in English and Indonesian. Based on these evaluation criteria, 20 (twenty) studies were obtained. From the results of a literature search, several studies on the use of intervention strategies to provide hand hygiene health education found that although there were other intervention strategies to improve hand hygiene, there were significant differences in both knowledge and skills after being given the intervention. Keywords: hand hygiene intervention, knowledge, skills

Scientific journals must be alert to potential manipulation in citations and referencing

Citation is an essential practice in scientific publishing. However, it is mandatory that citing the sources in a scientific work is performed in a proper manner. Manipulating citations in research articles is one form of academic research misconduct that violates publication ethics. Citation manipulation simply occurs for the purpose of increasing the number of citations of a researcher or a journal. Unfortunately, there has been a growing trend for this type of misconduct recently and this has not received much attention from the science community. The most effective solution to prevent the growth of such unethical practices is for reputable journals to impose stricter rules on reference evaluation criteria in order to emphasize on the appropriateness of the citations.

An extended WASPAS approach for teaching quality evaluation based on pythagorean fuzzy reducible weighted Maclaurin symmetric mean

Teaching quality evaluation (TQE) can not only improve teachers’ teaching skills, but also provide an important reference for school teaching management departments to formulate teaching reform measures and strengthen teaching management. TQE is a process of grading and ranking a given teachers based on the comprehensive consideration of multiple evaluation criteria by expert. The Maclaurin symmetric mean (MSM), as a powerful aggregation function, can capture the correlation among multiple input data more efficient. Although multitude weighted MSM operators have been developed to handle the Pythagorean fuzzy decision issues, these above operators do not possess the idempotency and reducibility during the procedure of information fusion. To conquer these defects, we present the Pythagorean fuzzy reducible weighted MSM (PFRWMSM) operator and Pythagorean fuzzy reducible weighted geometric MSM (PFRWGMSM) operator to fuse Pythagorean fuzzy assessment information. Meanwhile, several worthwhile properties and especial cases of the developed operators are explored at length. Afterwards, we develop a novel Pythagorean fuzzy entropy based upon knowledge measure to ascertain the weights of attribute. Furthermore, an extended weighted aggregated sum product assessment (WASPAS) method is developed by combining the PFRWMSM operator, PFRWGMSM operator and entropy to settle the decision problems of unknown weight information. The efficiency of the proffered method is demonstrated by a teaching quality evaluation issue, as well as the discussion of sensitivity analysis for decision outcomes. Consequently, a comparative study of the presented method with the extant Pythagorean fuzzy approaches is conducted to display the superiority of the propounded approach.

An Adaptive Trust Model Based on Fuzzy Logic

In cooperative environments is common that agents delegate tasks to each other to achieve their goals since an agent may not have the capabilities or resources to achieve its objectives alone. However, to select good partners, the agent needs to deal with information about the abilities, experience, and goals of their partners. In this situation, the lack or inaccuracy of information may affect the agent's judgment about a given partner; and hence, increases the risk to rely on an untrustworthy agent. Therefore, in this work, we present a trust model that combines different pieces of information, such as social image, reputation, and references to produce more precise information about the characteristics and abilities of agents. An important aspect of our trust model is that it can be easily configured to deal with different evaluation criteria. For instance, as presented in our experiments, the agents are able to select their partners by availability instead of the expertise level. Besides, the model allows the agents to decide when their own opinions about a partner are more relevant than the opinions received from third parties, and vice-versa. Such flexibility can be explored in dynamic scenarios, where the environment and the behavior of the agents might change constantly.

A high accuracy modeling scheme for dynamic systems: spacecraft reaction wheel model

Reaction wheels are crucial actuators in spacecraft attitude control subsystem (ACS). The precise modeling of reaction wheels is of fundamental need in spacecraft ACS for design, analysis, simulation, and fault diagnosis applications. The complex nature of the reaction wheel leads to modeling difficulties utilizing the conventional modeling schemes. Additionally, the absence of reaction wheel providers’ parameters is crucial for triggering a new modeling scheme. The Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) has an efficient architecture, alluring generalization properties, invulnerability against noise, and amazing training capabilities. This research proposes a promising modeling scheme for the spacecraft reaction wheel utilizing RBFNN and an improved variant of the Quantum Behaved Particle Swarm Optimization (QPSO). The problem of enhancing the network parameters of the RBFNN at the training phase is formed as a nonlinear constrained optimization problem. Thus, it is proposed to efficiently resolve utilizing an enhanced version of QPSO with mutation strategy (EQPSO-2M). The proposed technique is compared with the conventional QPSO algorithm and different variants of PSO algorithms. Evaluation criteria rely upon convergence speed, mean best fitness value, stability, and the number of successful runs that has been utilized to assess the proposed approach. A non-parametric test is utilized to decide the critical contrast between the results of the proposed algorithm compared with different algorithms. The simulation results demonstrated that the training of the proposed RBFNN-based reaction wheel model with enhanced parameters by EQPSO-2M algorithm furnishes a superior prediction accuracy went with effective network architecture.

Case Report: First Case of Consolidation Immunotherapy After Definitive Chemoradiotherapy in Mediastinal Lymph Node Metastatic Sarcomatoid Carcinoma

Sarcomatoid carcinoma (SC) is a rare lung cancer subtype with poor prognosis and lack of effective treatment regimens. Studies concerning SC indicated common programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) overexpression and higher tumor mutational burden, leading to potential benefits from immunotherapy. The present case is the first report employing PD-L1 inhibitor durvalumab following definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (cCRT) in a patient with mediastinal lymph node metastatic SC, which was considered as a high probability of pulmonary origin but unclear primary lesion. After the 19-month follow-up, there was neither local recurrence nor distant metastasis. The patient was in a good condition, with the thoracic lesion controlled at Partial response-Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (PR-RECIST). Except for grade 2 esophagitis, none of the other adverse events was observed. Our first attempt to adopt the consolidation immunotherapy after cCRT in unresectable locally advanced mediastinal SC exhibited improved local control, manageable safety, and potential survival benefits, representing a novel and promising therapeutic option for SC and encouraging further research exploration of this regimen in the future.

Analysis of Survival and Response to Lenvatinib in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma

The association between radiological response and overall survival (OS) was retrospectively evaluated in patients treated with lenvatinib as a first-line systemic treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. A total of 182 patients with Child–Pugh class A liver function and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of zero or one were enrolled. Radiological evaluation was performed using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) and modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST). Initial radiological evaluation confirmed significant stratification of OS by efficacy judgment with both RECIST and mRECIST, and that initial radiological response was an independent prognostic factor for OS on multivariate analysis. Furthermore, in patients with stable disease (SD) at initial evaluation, macrovascular invasion at the initial evaluation on RECIST and modified albumin–bilirubin grade at initial evaluation on mRECIST were independent predictors of OS on multivariate analysis. In conclusion, if objective response is obtained at the initial evaluation, continuation of treatment appears desirable because prolonged OS can be expected; but, if SD is obtained at the initial evaluation, one should determine whether to continue or switch to the next treatment, with careful consideration of factors related to the tumor and hepatic reserve at the initial evaluation.