scholarly journals Relações entre características químicas do solo e crescimento de Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Ktze., em Passo Fundo, RS

1983 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Carmeli Antonia Cassol ◽  
Ari Zago
Keyword(s):  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Araucaria Angustifolia ◽  
Gley Soil ◽  
Growth Variation ◽  
Chemical Soil

The present work shows chemical soil characteristics and growth in plantings of Araucaria angustifolia, implanted in different soil types, in Passo Fundo, RS National Forest.Soils types were classified as Latosol Roxo, Lithosol Eutrophic Soil and Low-Humic Gley. Soil samples were taken randomly at 0 - 20cm deep in 400 m² area square plots. The chemical characteristics of the studied soils were related to growth variables by simple linear correlation.According to the findings, the chemical soil chemical characteristics were not considered adequate parameters to explain the growth variation observed for Araucaria angustifolia.

scholarly journals Geostatistical Assessments for Characteristics of Soils Around Naip Dam

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hüseyin Sarı
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Geostatistical Methods ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Chemical Soil ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Investigation and mapping spatial variations (distance-dependent variations) in soil characteristics with the aid of geostatistical methods will bring about significant savings for labor, time and cost in agricultural practices. From this point forth, this study was conducted around Naipköy dam to determine spatial distribution of physical and chemical soil characteristics. Soil samples were taken from both sides of Tekirdağ Ganos Mountain (the side towards Naip plain and the side towards Marmora Sea). The research site was divided into 1000 x 2000 m grids and disturbed samples were taken from 0-30 cm soil profile of 24 points. Soil samples were subjected to texture, organic matter, pH, EC, calcium, magnesium, potassium and phosphorus analyses. Analyses revealed that the sections towards Naip plain had quite high clay and silt contents because of clayey deposition over these sections. These samples also had high calcium and thusly pH values because of lime layers of these sections. Soil properties were mapped in ArcGIS/ArcMAP 10.6 software with the aid of Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) method. The maps generated facilitated assessments made for the relationships between land use and physico-chemical soil characteristics. Statistical analyses revealed the least coefficient of variation (8.44%) for pH and the greatest coefficient of variation (73.51%) for phosphorus.

scholarly journals Relações entre as características físicas e morfológica do solo e crescimento de Araucaria angustilofia (Bert.) O. Ktze., em Passo Fundo, RS

1983 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Carmeli Antonia Cassol ◽  
Ari Zago
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soils ◽  
Linear Correlation ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Araucaria Angustifolia

This study investigates the relationships between physical and morphological soil characteristics and growth of Araucaria angustifolia in three types of Passo Fundo, RS National Forest Soils. Soil samples were collected at 0-20 cm deep, in randomly chosen 400 m2 area square plots. Relationships between growth of Araucaria angustifolia and soil characteristics were evaluated by means of a simple linear correlation. The soil characteristics that significantly correlated with growth variables were: structure, silt and clay content, and A horizon thickness.

scholarly journals Factors affecting the persistence of some residual herbicides in maize silage fields

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Rahman ◽  
T.K. James ◽  
M.R. Trolove ◽  
C. Dowsett
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Rainfall Amount ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Factors Affecting

The persistence of residual herbicides used in maize (Zea mays) silage crops was investigated in three field trials located in Waikato Taranaki and Canterbury Herbicides used included atrazine and acetochlor applied preemergence and mesotrione and nicosulfuron applied 612 weeks after planting Bioassay of soil samples collected about the time of silage harvest showed small but biologically toxic residues of only nicosulfuron and only at the Taranaki site A subsequent glasshouse study investigated whether the differences in persistence of nicosulfuron were due principally to soil characteristics (four soil types) or rainfall (amount and timing) Heavy rainfall (50 mm) in the first week or two after application or for several consecutive weeks was more effective in leaching the herbicide and reducing the residues than light (10 mm) or moderate (25 mm) rain applied at similar times Also residues of nicosulfuron disappeared faster in soils with low pH and high organic matter

scholarly journals STABILIZATION OF SUBGRADE SOIL USING CALCIUM LIGNOSULFONATE AND GRANITE DUST- A REVIEW

2021 ◽  
pp. 117-123
Author(s):  
N. Manikyala Rao ◽  
B.P.R.V.S Priyatham
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Chemical Substances ◽  
Subgrade Soil ◽  
Chemical Soil ◽  
Mechanical Approach

India is a geographically diverse country with varied soil types in different places. As a result, stabilising techniques are employed to enhance those regions with low bearing capacity. Soil strength is improved using both mechanical and chemical stabilising techniques. In the mechanical approach, mechanical energy is employed (rollers, plate compactors, tempers, etc., depending on the choice or type of the soil) to enhance soil characteristics by compaction. Chemical Soil Stabilization is a chemical approach that involves blending and combining chemical additions to improve the soil’s engineering qualities. Chemical substances such as calcium lignosulfonate, granite dust, cement, and fly ash were added in. Although calcium lignosulfonate may stabilise a wide variety of soil types, it works best in soft soils and clay soils with moderate to medium flexibility. Granite dust is primarily used in clay soils with a lot of flexibility. KEY WORDS: Calcium lignosulfonate, Granite dust, soil, stabilization, subgrade

scholarly journals Sorption of Clomazone in Brazilian Soils with Different Physical and Chemical Attributes1

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.A.M. PEREIRA ◽  
L.H. BARCELLOS JR. ◽  
V.A. GONÇALVES ◽  
D.V. SILVA ◽  
A.T. FARIA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Abstract Knowledge ◽  
Analysis Of Similarity ◽  
Brazilian Soils ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Different Soils

ABSTRACT Knowledge of herbicides sorption by colloids predicts its movement in the soil profile and its effectiveness in controlling weeds and crops poisoning when directly applied to the soil. This knowledge becomes even more important for herbicides which have long persistence in the soil. In this research, clomazone sorption was estimated by the biological method in Brazilian soil samples with different physical and chemical characteristics, cultivated with sugarcane crops. As an indicator of the presence of clomazone in the soil, Sorghum bicolor was used. The data relating to assessments of poisoning and accumulation of dry matter of the plants were subjected to multivariate analysis of similarity among variables. After that, clomazone doses that caused 50% of intoxication in sorghum plants grown (C50) as well as sorption ratio (SR) of the herbicide in different soil types were estimated. There was similarity greater than 80% for data regarding the percentage of intoxication and accumulated dry matter, with the option to use only those related to the first variable. RS and C50 were higher in Organosol and lower in red-yellow Latosol with and without changing the pH. It was concluded that the clomazone dose to be recommended must be differentiated for different soils, since the value of clomazone sorption in the soil is dependent on its attributes, and the organic matter content is of the utmost importance.

scholarly journals Applicability of laser diffraction analyses in soil physics practice

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
András Makó ◽  
József Szabó ◽  
Zsófia Bakacsi ◽  
Sándor Koós ◽  
Gabriella Hauk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Laser Diffraction ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Diffraction Measurement ◽  
Boundary Values ◽  
Soil Physics ◽  
Soil Database ◽  
First Results

In this research we present the first results how can be used laser diffraction measurement in soil physics practice. The main goals are understanding differences of particle size distribution (PSD) measurments, developing converting methods of PSD data of different determinations. In order to realization of this survey a representative soil database of Hungarian soil types was built up. We compared PSDs of 157 soil samples measured with sieve-pipette method (SPM) and laser diffractometer technique (Malvern Mastersizer 2000) (LDM). Soil textural classes were also determined using the USDA texture triangle. We used the clay/silt fraction boundary values (clay < 0.0066 mm; silt: 0.0066 - 0.05 mm) introduced for the LDM data in order to take them comparable to PSD data determined by the SPM: We got higher similarities of clay and silt fractions of the modified size boundary values. For the used dataset correspondence of texture classes derived from SPM and LDM PSD data, however is not higher than 60%.

scholarly journals Methods for soil enhancement in geoheritage research: a case study from Veglia-Devero Natural Park (Lepontine Alps)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Masseroli ◽  
Irene M. Bollati ◽  
Luca Trombino ◽  
Manuela Pelfini
Keyword(s):  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Mountain Environments ◽  
Natural Park ◽  
Lepontine Alps

&lt;p&gt;In mountain environments, the high variability of soil forming factors (i.e., parent material, climate, relief, organism, time) is responsible for the presence of different soil types, which not only contribute to the pedodiversity but are also a component of the local cultural heritage.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Up to now, scarce attention has been paid to the soil in the geoheritage/geoconservation scientific analyses.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;To promote soil as element concurring to mountain geoheritage definition, we propose a strategy to include pedological topics within a multidisciplinary trail planned in the Veglia-Devero Natural Park (Lepontine Alps). The geomorphological dynamicity and environmental change affecting during times the small mountain catchment of Buscagna hydrographic basin are illustrated with a specific address to soil characteristics. The physical and chemical properties, and pedological features of soils reflect the interaction among the other ecosystem components (i.e. geology, geomorphology and vegetation), underlining the role of soil as natural archive for reconstructing landscape evolution and for achieving a more complete assessment of Late Quaternary geomorphic events, especially surface processes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Geopedological researches carried out in the study area, allowed to detect 7 soil profiles as potential sites of pedological interest, located in safe and accessible places, along already existing hiking paths. The selected soil profiles not only mirror the main soil types that characterize the area but also represent evidence of past environmental conditions and geomorphic dynamics.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The opportunities for hikers and mountaineers, to observe the exposed soils along the Buscagna valley, thanks to the presence of erosional scarps and subsidence areas, allow also to get more awareness of the need of geoheritage conservation strategies addressed to soil, especially in the mountain landscape where soil characteristics reflect the striking influence of its forming factors.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Compositional and chemical characteristics of dissolved organic matter in various types of cropped and natural Chinese soils

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Songyan Li ◽  
Meng Li ◽  
Guoxi Wang ◽  
Xiaolei Sun ◽  
Beidou Xi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Natural Soils ◽  
Red Soils ◽  
Chernozem Soils

Abstract Background Exploration of composition and chemical characteristics of soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) is significant to understand its biogeochemical role in terrestrial ecosystems. A total of 43 cropped and 16 natural soils (0–20 cm) under four soil types (cinnamon, chernozem, red and paddy soils) across China were collected to investigate the spectral characteristics of DOM using UV–Vis and 3D-EEM spectroscopy. Results The chernozem soils exhibited the highest aromaticity and humification degree among the four soil types. Ranges of biological index (BIX, 0.53–1.17) and fluorescence index (FI, 1.55–2.10) were found in the investigated DOM, showing joint contribution from allochthonous and autochthonous sources. Higher BIX and FI in the DOM of the paddy and red soils indicated a greater reliance on autochthonous sources for these two soil types. The cropped soils showed no significant differences in chemical characteristics and sources from the natural soils for the cinnamon, chernozem and red soils. UVA (16.2–47.9%) and UVC fulvic-like substances (15.4–40.5%) were the prevailing DOM components, which were highest in the chernozem soils. Additionally, the cropped soils had a higher proportion of humic-like substances than the natural soils in the DOM. Conclusions Both soil type and land-use strongly affected the chemical characteristics of soil DOM, but only soil type had an impact on the DOM composition for the collected soils. These findings may contribute to the prediction of the biochemical behavior of soil DOM under different soil types and land-uses in terrestrial ecosystems.

scholarly journals Changing Microarthropod Communities in Front of a Receding Glacier in the High Arctic

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz J. Gwiazdowicz ◽  
Bogna Zawieja ◽  
Izabella Olejniczak ◽  
Piotr Skubała ◽  
Anna K. Gdula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Species ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Pioneer Species ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Study Sites

This study was carried out at Ny-Ålesund on Spitsbergen in Svalbard (High Arctic). Eight study sites were established along a transect from the fjord to the snout of the glacier. The sites differed from each other by the type of vegetation cover and soil characteristics. Soil samples were collected and placed in Tullgren funnels. Extracted arthropods were represented by two groups of mites (Mesostigmata and Oribatida) and springtails (Collembola). The pioneer species that occurred first after retreat of the glacier were representatives of the Collembola (Agrenia bidenticulata and Hypogastrura concolor). Later, other springtails appeared including Folsomia alpha, Folsomia quadrioculata, Hypogastrura concolor, Isotoma anglicana, Sminthurinus concolor and the first species of oribatid mites; Camisia foveolata and Tectocepheus velatus velatus. Arthropod communities recorded along the transect were characterized by large variations in both species composition and abundance of individuals. The greater the distance from the glacier snout, the greater the species richness (2 to 22 species). The mean number of species per sample was the lowest at site 8 (1 ± 0.71) (the closest to the glacier) and greatest at site 1 (14 ± 1.41) (furthest from the glacier). The Simpson’s diversity index (D) was distinctly greater at sites 1 (4.61 ± 0.06) and 3 (3.94 ± 0.11) than at other sites, especially site 8 (1.07 ± 0.06). Densities were least in the samples closest to the glacier (30 to 101 individuals; density 3000–10,100 individuals/m2). At the other locations, abundance was highly variable (905 to 7432 individuals; density 90,500–743,200 individuals/m2). The mean abundances were greatest at sites 2 and 3. The great variations in total abundances observed were often due to the presence or absence of one or more dominant species exhibiting extreme abundance variability between sites. The microarthropod community of the High Arctic is composed of heterogeneous circumpolar species, yet on a landscape scale is extremely dependent on local environmental conditions which may be subject to rapid change.

scholarly journals Profiling the Bacterial Diversity in a Typical Karst Tiankeng of China

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaozhong Pu ◽  
Yanna Lv ◽  
Lina Dong ◽  
Longwu Zhou ◽  
Kechao Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Unit ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Controlling Factors ◽  
Bacterial Composition ◽  
Microbial Distribution ◽  
Significant Difference

While karst tiankengs have a higher capacity to act as safe havens for biodiversity in changing climates, little is known about their soil microorganisms. To fill this gap, we investigate the distribution and driving factors of the bacterial community in karst tiankeng systems. There is a significant difference in the soil characteristics between the inside and the outside of a karst tiankeng. At the karst tiankeng considered in this study, the bacterial composition, in terms of the operational taxonomic unit (OTU), was found to be significantly different in different soil samples, taken from diverse sampling sites within the collapsed doline or the external area, and showed a high habitat heterogeneity. The dominant phylum abundances vary with the sampling sites and have their own indicator taxa from phylum to genus. Unlike the primary controlling factors of plant diversity, the microclimate (soil moisture and temperature), soil pH, and slope dominated the distribution of the bacterial community in karst tiankeng systems. Our results firstly showed the distribution characteristics of bacterial communities and then revealed the importance of microhabitats in predicting the microbial distribution in karst tiankeng systems.

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