CONCLUSION. The Nature of Hegelian Philosophy

2020 ◽  
pp. 238-246
Keyword(s):  
1982 ◽  
Vol 13 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 267-276
Author(s):  
Gary Shapiro
Keyword(s):  

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 67-81
Author(s):  
Julia Peters

In his essay What is living and what is dead of the philosophy of Hegel?, Benedetto Croce praises Hegel for bestowing the highest value on beauty, in particular artistic beauty. He emphasises Hegel's ‘tendency to make art a primary element in human life, a mode of knowledge and of spiritual elevation’, and the ‘constant contact of Hegelian speculation with taste and with works of art, and the dignity which it assigned to the artistic activity’ (Croce 1985: 121). This tendency, Croce writes, is what makes Hegelian speculation congenial to the great aesthetic theories of the Romantic period. In this paper, I shall put forward some considerations which render support to Croce's observation that there is a strand of unreserved and absolute appreciation of beauty, in particular artistic beauty, in Hegelian philosophy. My focus will be in particular on the question of why Hegel thinks that the experience of beauty — which I will be referring to, in short, as aesthetic experience — is of special, even absolute value for human beings. This will involve, in the first part of the paper, an analysis of what Hegel takes to be the content of such experience; hence an analysis of Hegel's notion of beauty.Such emphasis on the absolute value of beauty invites of course the question of how beauty relates, in Hegel's system, to what Hegel regards as the highest value of all: reconciliation. Hegel believes that both philosophical speculation — which culminates in knowledge of the absolute truth — and the achievement of the highest practical good, the participation in civic life, are ways of reconciling the human individual with the world they live in. Does the same apply to beauty, or aesthetic experience? I will briefly touch on the relation between aesthetic experience and reconciliation in the second part of the paper. In this context, we will also consider an objection to the view that Hegel's appreciation of aesthetic experience is unrestricted or absolute, which arises from consideration of Hegel's famous claim that philosophy is higher than art.


2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 330-352
Author(s):  
Gabriel Siracusa

O objetivo do trabalho é analisar como o Oriente figura nos escritos de Marx. Partimos das contribuições de Edward Said que identifica Marx como um autor orientalista, para averiguar em que medida o palestino acerta em seu diagnóstico. Said parte dos escritos de Marx de 1853 a respeito do colonialismo britânico na Índia e chega à conclusão que o alemão, assim como toda a intelligentsia europeia do século XIX, enxerga o Oriente como um local estático, bárbaro e violento, em oposição à Europa, onde se localizaria a civilização. Neste sentido, embora matizado pelas condenações de cunho moral das atrocidades cometidas pelos colonizadores britânicos, Marx observa as perspectivas futuras da colonização por um viés em última instância positivo. Influenciado por uma filosofia da história hegeliana, Marx entende que, se a revolução comunista é o estágio final da história, tanto melhor que os países periféricos sejam tragados para o progresso e para a história universal pelas metrópoles. Haveria, de fato, um sentido na história e o colonialismo colocaria nela povos até então “fixos”, estanques. Said, porém, se limita aos artigos sobre a Índia de 1853. Gostaríamos, neste trabalho, de explorar textos de Marx sobre a China do mesmo período, além dos escritos da segunda metade da década de 1850 sobre os dois países e comparar a análise marxiana a respeito da situação indiana e chinesa nestes dois momentos distintos. A partir daí, procuraremos responder se a hipótese saidiana de inclusão de Marx como autor orientalista se sustenta ou não.     Abstract: The purpose of the paper is to analyze how the East figures in Marx's writings. We start with the contributions of Edward Said who identifies Marx as an Orientalist author, to ascertain to what extent the Palestinian is correct in his diagnosis. Said departs from Marx's writings of 1853 on British colonialism in India, and he comes to the conclusion that the German, like the whole European intelligentsia of the nineteenth century, sees the Orient as a static, barbaric and violent place, as opposed to Europe, where the civilization would be located. In this sense, although tempered by the moral condemnations of the atrocities committed by the British settlers, Marx observes the future prospects of colonization by an ultimately positive bias. Influenced by a Hegelian philosophy of history, Marx understands that if communist revolution is the final stage of history, so much better that peripheral countries are swallowed up by progress and put into the universal history by metropolises. Indeed, there would be a meaning in history, and colonialism would place in it peoples that were previously "fixed", watertight. Said, however, is limited to the articles on India of 1853. We would like to explore Marx's texts about China from the same period, in addition to the writings of the second half of the 1850s on the two countries, and compare Marxian analysis about the Indian and Chinese situation in these two different moments. From there, we will try to answer if the saidian hypothesis of inclusion of Marx as orientalist author supports or not. Key words: Marx; Orientalism; Colonialism.     Recebido em: dezembro/2018. Aprovado em: maio/2019.


Problemata ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-213
Author(s):  
Martina Barnaba

This paper aims to investigate the dialectical nature of the myth of original sin as described by Hegel. For introductory purposes, I will briefly highlight the process by which Hegelian philosophy operates the translation from religious representation to concept, demonstrating how this reading is at the basis of the interpretation of the myth. Then I will analyze the functioning of the dialectical movements of the biblical episode of Genesis 3 within the Phenomenology of Spirit and the Lectures on the Philosophy of Religion, in order to discuss the issues of good and evil, innocence and guilt, will and arbitrariness. In this reconstruction the dialectic will emerge in its importance as a structure that permeates human consciousness as well as reality in general. In the specific case of the tree of knowledge, we will witness the concretization of this eternal conciliation of contradictions in two specific areas, which will be treated in the last section: the question of evil on the one hand, which will be demonstrated as a necessary negative element that triggers the dialectical movement itself, and the question of freedom on the other, which will appear as the result of the emancipation of the subject from the natural state in which he finds himself in the so-called "garden of animals".


2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-144
Author(s):  
Kate I. Khan ◽  

The review presents the recently published monograph of Ivan Kurilovich “French neohegelianism: J. Wahl, A. Koyré, A. Kojève and J. Hyppolite in search of a unified phenomenology of Hegel – Husserl – Heidegger”. The book is dedicated to the history of the reception of the Hegel’s ideas in France in 1920–1960s. I. Kurilovich suggests his overview of the development of neo-hegelianism in its interconnection with the phenomenology, he analyses different versions and interpretative strategies on Hegel’s legacy: the theory of “malheur de la conscience” by J. Wahl, the epistemological framework suggested by A. Koyré, the phenomenologically-oriented interpretation of “Hegel – Heidegger” by A. Kojève, and the historical-philosophical reconstruction of Hegelian philosophy by J. Hyppolite. I. Kurilovich demonstrates the significant results of the interference between the ideas of Hegel and Husserl, Hegel and Heidegger. He problematizes the historical and philosophical concept of neo-hegelianism as such and demonstrates its ambiguity, as well as the lack of the direct intellectual lineage of its representatives. The book provides an opportunity to work with well-structured and informative historical content, which includes biographies and philosophical views, and gives a sophisticated view on the “conflict of interpretations” of Hegelian philosophy, suggested by J. Wahl, A. Koyré, A. Kojève and J. Hyppolite.


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