scholarly journals Can India Go in for Pre- School / Pre- Verbal Eye Screening Now with Red Reflex? - A Feasibility Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
Himika Gupta ◽  
Ravikant Singh ◽  
Sunila Sanjeev Ernam
Keyword(s):  
Health Centre ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Opportunistic Screening ◽  
Vision Screening ◽  
Urban Hospital ◽  
Immunization Programme ◽  
Model Average ◽  
Eye Screening

Aims: To study the feasibility and challenges for early vision screening of the 0-6 yr preverbal/ preschool children in both urban and rural settings of India using the simple Red Reflex test. Study Design:Operational research. Place and Duration of Study: Four settings (two urban and two rural) were designed to target the 0-6year old children. Model I .Pre School (Urban slum Population), Model II. Health Centre                (Urban Hospital), Model III. Immunization OPD of Municipal Hospital (Rural hospital) Model IV. Anganwadi Centre (Rural Population) was designed and conducted July 2017 –Dec 2017 (6 months). Methodology: All models were conducted as single day vision screening camps except Model III which was an opportunistic screening for a period of 3 months (July – Sept 2017). Vision screening was done using Red Reflex test and follow up was done for three months. Data was analyzed on MS Excel and expressed in proportions / percentages.  Results: Maximum children (155) were screened in Model I. Out of the 301 total children screened 33 (10.96%) had abnormal Red Reflex test. The yield was maximum 6 (17.14%) in Model III. Urban health centre Model I was the most time efficient model(average 0.74 minutes/child).  Conclusions: Single day screening of population based cohort is time efficient but opportunistic screening using universal immunization programme model had maximum yield.

POPULATION-BASED AND OPPORTUNISTIC SCREENING AND ERADICATION OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI

1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 649-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Mason ◽  
Paul Moayyedi ◽  
Philip J. Young ◽  
Sara Duffett ◽  
Will Crocombe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Opportunistic Screening ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Limited Dependent Variable ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Care Costs

Objectives: To examine whether screening and eradication of Helicobacter pylori by population-based invitation or opportunistic screening by general practitioners reduces costs to the National Health Service (NHS) of treating dyspepsia.Methods: A limited dependent, variable, two-step regression analysis was used to explore the baseline annual health care costs of dyspepsia for men and women aged 40–49 enrolled in the Leeds H. pylori screening and eradication trial.Results: Epidemiological and clinical questionnaires, general practitioner notes, and 13C urea breath test results were available for 4,754 individuals. After adjusting for covariates, H. pylori was associated with a 6.7% increased probability of incurring gastrointestinal-related NHS costs (p < .0001) in the population aged 40-49. Additionally, H pylori increased average costs in those who seek medical care (p = .001). In consequence, H. pylori is associated with an average increased cost to the NHS of £0.30 per year (95% CI: £0.17 to £0.45) per adult aged 40–49. In those consulting for dyspepsia, the increased cost to the NHS was £1.04 per year (95% CI: £0.42 to £1.75) per patient. The cost of population screening and treatment would not be recovered in reduced dyspepsia costs in the lifetime of those screened. Assuming laboratory-based serology screening is used opportunistically in patients presenting with dyspepsia, it is estimated that costs would be recouped in 18 years.Conclusions: This observational data set suggests that the costs of screening and treatment in all individuals aged 40–49 or in those presenting in primary care with dyspeptic symptoms are unlikely to be attractive on the basis of cost savings alone.

scholarly journals Costs and effects of conventional vision screening and photoscreening in the Dutch preventive child health care system

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catharina P B Van der Ploeg ◽  
Manon Grevinga ◽  
Iris Eekhout ◽  
Eline Vlasblom ◽  
Caren I Lanting ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Child Health Care ◽  
Test Duration ◽  
Vision Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Preventive Child Health Care

Abstract Background Little is known about costs and effects of vision screening strategies to detect amblyopia. Aim of this study was to compare costs and effects of conventional (optotype) vision screening, photoscreening or a combination in children aged 3–6 years. Methods Population-based, cross-sectional study in preventive child health care in The Hague. Children aged 3 years (3y), 3 years and 9 months (3y9m) or 5–6 years (5/6y) received the conventional chart vision screening and a test with a photoscreener (Plusoptix S12C). Costs were based on test duration and additional costs for devices and diagnostic work-up. Results Two thousand, one hundred and forty-four children were included. The estimated costs per child screened were €17.44, €20.37 and €6.90 for conventional vision screening at 3y, 3y9m and 5/6y, respectively. For photoscreening, these estimates were €6.61, €7.52 and €9.40 and for photoscreening followed by vision screening if the result was unclear (combination) €9.32 (3y) and €9.33 (3y9m). The number of children detected with amblyopia by age were 9, 14 and 5 (conventional screening), 6, 13 and 3 (photoscreening) and 10 (3y) and 15 (3y9m) (combination), respectively. The estimated costs per child diagnosed with amblyopia were €1500, €1050 and €860 for conventional vision screening, €860, €420 and €1940 for photoscreening and €730 (3y) and €450 (3y9m) for the combination. Conclusions Combining photoscreening with vision screening seems promising to detect amblyopia in children aged 3y/3y9m, whereas conventional screening seems preferable at 5/6y. As the number of study children with amblyopia is small, further research on the effects of these screening alternatives in detecting children with amblyopia is recommended.

Semistructured Observation of Population-based Eye Screening in The Netherlands

Strabismus ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 214-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frea Sloot ◽  
Aya Sami ◽  
Hatice Karaman ◽  
Mari Gutter ◽  
Janine Benjamins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Eye Screening

scholarly journals A state-wide population-based evaluation of cervical cancers arising during opportunistic screening in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 159 (2) ◽  
pp. 344-353
Author(s):  
Rebecca Landy ◽  
Christopher Mathews ◽  
Michael Robertson ◽  
Charles L. Wiggins ◽  
Yolanda J. McDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Opportunistic Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancers ◽  
Wide Population

scholarly journals A population-based survey of prevalence of diabetes and correlates in an urban slum community in Nairobi, Kenya

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Ayah ◽  
Mark D Joshi ◽  
Rosemary Wanjiru ◽  
Elijah K Njau ◽  
C Fredrick Otieno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Slum ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Slum Community ◽  
Population Based Survey

scholarly journals Assessment of breast cancer opportunistic screening by clinical–pathological indicators: a population-based study

2009 ◽  
Vol 101 (11) ◽  
pp. 1925-1931 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Bordoni ◽  
N M Probst-Hensch ◽  
L Mazzucchelli ◽  
A Spitale
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Opportunistic Screening ◽  
Population Based Study

Current principles of colorectal cancer screening – from opportunistic screening to a population-based screening program

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 383-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Grega ◽  
Ondřej Májek ◽  
Ondřej Ngo ◽  
Norbert Král ◽  
Bohumil Seifert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Opportunistic Screening
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