scholarly journals Evaluate the Radioactivity in Drinking Water from Kakuri, Kaduna

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Tajudeen O. Adeeko ◽  
Lilian E. Adeeko
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
World Health ◽  
Beta Radiation ◽  
Beta Activity ◽  
Gross Beta ◽  
Gross Alpha ◽  
Guideline Values ◽  
Dug Well

Small traces of radioactivity are normally found in all drinking water. The concentration and composition of these radioactive constituents vary from place to place, depending principally on the radiochemical composition of the soil and rock strata through which the raw water may have passed. The aims of this work were to analyze and determine the gross concentration of alpha and beta radiation in drinking water. Ten water samples from hand-dug (HD) well (5) and borehole (BH) (5) were selected applied stratified random sampling technique from kakuri. Results of the measurements reveal that gross alpha and beta activity were presence in all the water samples investigated; the gross alpha activities range between 0.014±0.006Bq/l to 0.072±0.022Bq/l, with average of 0.037±0.014Bq/l, and gross beta activities range between 0.200±0.041Bq/l to 1.530±0.140Bq/l, with average of 0.6132±0.104Bq/l. The hand-dug well and borehole were not radioactively contaminated, the obtained values were all below the World Health Organization (WHO) and International Organization on Standardization (ISO) drinking water guideline values of 1.0Bq/l for gross beta radioactivity and 0.5Bq/l for gross alpha radioactivity per year. Hence, groundwater from the area is radioactivity safe to use, it posed no threat to the health of people around the area when consumed, besides transformer borehole (BH08) sample which exhibit high beta activity, therefore; borehole (BH08) sample is not drinkable because it’s not safe of radioactivity.  

scholarly journals Comparison of two different methods for gross alpha and beta activity determination in water samples

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija M. Janković ◽  
Nataša B. Sarap ◽  
Gordana K. Pantelić ◽  
Dragana J. Todorović
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Screening Procedure ◽  
Beta Activity ◽  
Gross Beta ◽  
Gross Alpha ◽  
Preliminary Screening ◽  
Activity Determination ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Gross Alpha And Beta

AbstractMeasurement of the gross alpha and beta activity concentrations in various matrices is suitable as a preliminary screening procedure to determine whether further analysis related to specific radionuclide is necessary. In Serbia, according to current regulations, radioactivity concentrations in drinking water for gross alpha and gross beta should be < 0.5 and < 1.0 Bq L

scholarly journals An application of LSC method for the measurement of gross alpha and beta activities in spiked water and drinking water samples

Nukleonika ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 637-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaye Özgür Çakal ◽  
Rufiyet Güven ◽  
Haluk Yücel
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Beta Activity ◽  
Gross Beta ◽  
Gross Alpha ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Gross Alpha And Beta ◽  
Drinking Water Samples

Abstract In this study, after the pulse shape calibration of a liquid scintillation counting (LSC) spectrometer (Quantulus 1220), the effi ciency was determined depending on sample quenching parameters. Then, gross alpha and beta activities in two spiked water samples obtained from International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) were used for the validation of the ASTM D7283-06 method, which is a standard test method for alpha and beta activity in water by LSC. Later, the drinking water samples (35 tap water and 9 bottled water) obtained from different districts of Ankara, Turkey, were measured. The maximum gross alpha activities are measured to be 0.08 Bq/L for tap waters and 0.13 Bq/L for bottled waters, whereas the maximum gross beta activities are found to be 0.18 Bq/L for tap waters and 0.16 Bq/L for bottled waters. These results indicate that these drinking water samples are below the required limits, which are 0.1 Bq/L for alpha emitting radionuclides and 1 Bq/L for beta emitting radionuclides. As a result, gross alpha and beta activities in drinking water of Ankara were determined accurately by this validated LSC method. It is also worth noting that LSC is a rapid and accurate method for the determination of gross alpha and beta activities without requiring a tedious sample preparation.

scholarly journals Natural and artificial (90Sr) radionuclides in some carbonated mineral waters used in Serbia

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Jankovic ◽  
Natasa Sarap ◽  
Dragana Todorovic ◽  
Jasminka Joksic
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Mineral Water ◽  
Mineral Waters ◽  
World Health ◽  
Reference Level ◽  
Beta Activity ◽  
Gross Beta ◽  
Gross Alpha ◽  
Natural Activity

A radiological characterization of 7 different carbonated mineral water samples collected in the local supermarkets in the area of Belgrade (produced in Serbia) was carried out. Analysis included determination of gross alpha and gross beta activities. The obtained results showed that the natural activity concentrations of alpha and beta emitting radionuclides in carbonated mineral water samples were within World Health Organization recommended levels, except for the Heba Strong and Kiseljak samples where the beta activity exceeds 1 Bq/L. For these two water samples gamma spectrometry analysis was performed as well as determination of 90Sr by oxalic method. The instrumentation used to count the gross alpha and gross beta activities, as well as for 90Sr, was a/b low level proportional counter Thermo Eberline FHT 770 T. Gamma spectrometric measurements were performed using a HPGe Canberra detector with a counting efficiency of 20%. The annual effective dose equivalent due to ingestion of investigated waters was calculated for age group >17, and obtained values are lower than 0.1 mSv recommended reference level. Finally, a comparison of the investigated waters with worldwide data was made.

Determination of Gross Alpha and Gross Beta Activity Concentration in Bahe River Water Samples Within Xi'an Chanba Area

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Qingxu ◽  
Huo Yonggang ◽  
Xu Peng ◽  
Yu Fengmei ◽  
Lv Ning
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Beta Activity ◽  
Gross Beta ◽  
Gross Alpha ◽  
Radioactivity Level ◽  
Gross Beta Activity ◽  
Source Method ◽  
Thick Source

Abstract As a screening procedure, gross alpha and gross beta activity have been developed to determine whether further analysis of water samples related to specific radionuclide is necessary. In China, the determination of gross alpha and gross beta in drinking water was generally based on the HJ standard method: HJ 898-2017, water quality — determination of gross alpha activity — thick source method, and HJ 899-2017, water quality — determination of gross beta activity — thick source method. In this study, 15 water samples from Bahe river in Chan Ba region of Xi’an in China, were pretreated and analyzed by BH1216-III low background alpha and beta scintillation counter. The water samples were collected nearby residential area, wetland park, water conservation district and urban sewage treatment plant as well as other important locations which probably influence on the radioactivity level. The values of the activity concentrations of the gross alpha and beta measured in the water samples ranged from less than LD to 0.183Bq/L with a mean of 0.077Bq/L and 0.073–0.151Bq/L with a mean 0.102Bq/L respectively. All values of samples were lower than the limit level of 0.500Bq/L for gross alpha and 1.000Bq/L for gross beta, indicating that the radioactivity level in Bahe water between Chan Ba region of Xi’an is basically within the normal environmental background.

scholarly journals Measurement of Content of 226Ra in Drinking Water From Some States of Mexican Republic by Liquid Scintillation Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-201
Author(s):  
A. Ángeles ◽  
E. Quintero ◽  
I. Gaso ◽  
C. P. Zepeda ◽  
T. Palma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Liquid Scintillation ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Radioactive Material ◽  
World Health ◽  
Reference Level ◽  
Gross Alpha ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Health Organization

To assess the quality of drinking water in respect to the content of radioactivity, usually is carried out an screening program in the locations of interest, that program consist in pick representative samples of drinking water from the wells in that locations, water samples are analyzed to measuring the gross alpha/beta radioactivity by a low background proportional counter or a liquid scintillation system. When some sample exceeds the normative limit then it must be known which radionuclides are in that sample. Expected radionuclides in water are the NORM (normal occurring radioactive material) from the natural radioactive chains. 226Ra is frequently present in drinking water and is one of most important radionuclide because its “radiotoxicity”, the WHO [World Health Organization, Guidelines for drinking-water Quality, (2016)] recommends a reference level for 226Ra of 1 Bq/L (the dose coefficient for 226Ra is 2.8 x 10-7 Sv/Bq). From a national program of drinking water screening in the Mexican Republic, the samples that exceeded the national normative limits were picked again in the same well and analyzed by LS (liquid Scintillation), using the method of two phases with a not water miscible scintillator cocktail. Results of concentrations of 226Ra from drinking water are presented. In general the content of 226Ra in drinking water samples was lower that the guide values recommended for the WHO.

scholarly journals The assessment of the annual effective dose due to ingestion of radionuclides from drinking water consumption: calculation methods

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Violeta Pintilie-Nicolov ◽  
Puiu Lucian Georgescu ◽  
Cătălina Iticescu ◽  
Dana Iulia Moraru ◽  
Adelina Georgiana Pintilie
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Beta Activity ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Gross Beta ◽  
Gross Alpha ◽  
Gross Alpha Activity ◽  
Sample Set

Abstract In the present paper the different ways of assessing the annual effective dose due to ingestion of radionuclides by drinking water consumption were examined and exemplified. On a set of 10 samples the gross alpha activity, the gross beta activity, the concentration of 210Po, 210Pb, 238U, 232Th and, 226Ra were measured. The highest annual effective dose values assessed by relying on the investigated sample set were found by using the rationale according to which all the gross alpha and beta activity is due to the alpha and beta radionuclide, with the highest effective dose coefficient, namely 210Po and 210Pb/228Ra, respectively.

scholarly journals Gross alpha/beta activity concentrations in spa and mineral waters in North Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 326 (2) ◽  
pp. 1511-1517
Author(s):  
Hao Van Duong ◽  
Huy Luong Le ◽  
Duong Thanh Nguyen ◽  
Ngoc Minh Vu ◽  
Trung H. Duong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Mineral Waters ◽  
Beta Activity ◽  
Weak Correlation ◽  
Gross Beta ◽  
Gross Alpha ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
North Vietnam ◽  
Available Information

Abstract There is little available information on the radioactivity concentrations in the thermal and drinking water sources in North Vietnam. In the current study, the gross alpha and gross beta activity concentrations were determined in 8 water sources in the area. The average activities of gross alpha and beta in the 8 sources are 38.7 mBq L− 1 and 88.0 mBq L− 1. These activity concentrations are lower than WHO recommendations for drinking water. In this study, the gross alpha and gross beta show a weak correlation.

scholarly journals Radiological Status of Drinking Water Sources Around a Coal Mining Site in Kogi State, North Central Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 903-908
Author(s):  
A.H. Momoh ◽  
I. Ochalla ◽  
D.O. Ocheni ◽  
D.R. Ajibade ◽  
A.I. Bello
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Beta Activity ◽  
Gross Beta ◽  
Gross Alpha ◽  
North Central ◽  
Coal Mining Area ◽  
Gross Beta Activity

The radioactivity of drinking water sources around Okaba coal mining area in Ankpa local government area of Kogi state, North central Nigeria have been carried out using a low background Gasless Alpha- Beta Counting System (Protean Instrument Corporation) – MPC 2000DP. The gross alpha and gross beta activity of water samples from four (4) sources (river/stream, borehole, sachet water and rain water) was measured. The grossalphaand gross-beta activity concentrations recorded were below the safe limits of 0.5 Bq/l and 1 Bq/l respectively, as recommended by the world health organization (WHO, 2017). Also, results of the committed effective dose (for adult and infant) calculated were all below the reference dose level (RDL) of 0.1mSv/yr (WHO, 2017) except for BW3 whose adult dose was above the RDL. Therefore, there is no immediate risk of internal radiation exposure to the populace via intake of water from the four major sources of drinking water around Okaba coal mining area. However, caution should be taken especially with regards long-term consumption of the ground water (BW3). Keywords: Okaba, radioactivity, gross-alpha, gross-beta, coal, water

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