scholarly journals Title Assessment of the Knowledge Level of Cabbage Growers for an Enhanced Production Technology

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Irfath Rashid ◽  
Quadri Javeed Ahmad Peer ◽  
S. A. Saraf ◽  
Farah Farooq ◽  
Tariq Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Intensive Training ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Enhanced Production ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cultivation Practices

Cabbage is one of the most popular vegetables in the world because of its adaptability to a wide range of climatic conditions and soil type, ease of production and storage, and its food value. Commercial cultivation of Cabbage is very successful due to high market demand and its medicinal importance to treat gout, deafness, headache and hangovers in the early days. The present study aimed to assess the Knowledge level of cabbage growers towards the recommended package of practices in Budgam District of Jammu and Kashmir, India during the year 2017-18. Ex- post- facto research design was adopted. The study was carried out in purposively selected Zone Chadoora of district Budgam of Jammu and Kashmir State, as having maximum area under cabbage crop. A sample of 120 cabbage growers was selected by proportionate allocation method from randomly selected six villages. The data was collected with the help of a well structured interview schedule. Data derived from the growers was analyzed by employing suitable statistical methods. Twelve independent variables were categorized and studied in relation to dependent variable i.e. knowledge   level about cabbage cultivation practices. Majority of the growers had medium knowledge level regarding the recommended package of practices for cabbage cultivation given by SKUAST-Kashmir. Correlation analysis revealed that education, occupation, operational land holding, area under cabbage, experience in cabbage cultivation, net income, mass media exposure and scientific orientation  had significant relationship with the knowledge level of cabbage growers whereas the remaining independent variables starting with age had a negative and significant relationship with the knowledge whereas, family size, innovation proneness and extension contact had no significant relationship with the knowledge level of cabbage growers. The identified gaps in farmers practices and recommended cultivation practices may help to give directions to the field level extension workers to manipulate the appropriate factors so as to increase the adoption level. The results of the study will be useful to extension personnel and administrators so that they could know the extent of knowledge and adoption behaviour of cabbage growers. The results could also be used to bridge the gap through intensive training and organizing of other extension activities.

scholarly journals Knowledge Level of Onion Growers on Improved Onion Production Technologies in Gadag District of Karnataka

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Shashidhar K. Baraker ◽  
K. C. Lalitha ◽  
K. V. Manjunath ◽  
Dadimi Anilkumar Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Cent Level ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Level Of Significance

Aim: To assess the Knowledge level of Onion growers on Improved Onion production technologies and to find out the Relationship between personal, socio economical and psychological characteristics of onion growers with their knowledge level. Study Design: “Ex-post facto” research design. Place and Duration of the Study: The present study was conducted during 2017–18 in Gadag district of Karnataka. Methodology: Two villages from each of the four Taluks of Gadag district were randomly selected and from eight villages, 15 respondents were selected from each village by adopting random sampling method to form a sample of 120 farmers. Data was collected from the respondents by personal interview method using a pre-tested structured interview schedule. Results: Majority of the farmers have medium level (42.50%) of knowledge followed by high level (31.66) of knowledge. Further study revealed that farmers had cent percent knowledge on seed rate, time of sowing, irrigation and weeding, whereas low level of knowledge on transplanting (10%), fertilizer dose (10%) and plant protection (15%). Independent variables like, Education, Mass media exposure, Extension contact, Management Orientation were have significant relationship with knowledge level of onion growers at 1 per cent level of significance, While Age, Farming experience, Innovativeness, Extension participation, Social participation and Risk Orientation at 5 per cent level of significance and variables such as Family size, Land holding , Area under Onion cultivation, Annual income exhibit non-significant relationship with knowledge level of onion growers. Conclusion: Significant portion of respondents were having medium level of knowledge with most of the independent variables contributing significantly towards their knowledge level on improved onion production technologies.

scholarly journals Livelihood Security of An Isolated Gothi Koya Tribe in Telangana State

2005 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Alam Prashanthi ◽  
R. Geetha Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Livelihood Security ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Telangana State ◽  
Profile Characteristics ◽  
Level Of Significance

Tribes are a weaker section of society due to their low social and economic standing. Even in the contemporary day, some tribal groups remain geographically isolated and live in the jungles. One of them is the Gothi koya tribe. Therefore, an attempt was made to study the profile characteristics and livelihood security of Gothi Koya tribe. The study was conducted in Mulugu district, Telangana State with an ex-post facto research design. A total of 60 samples from three villages under ITDA (Integrated Tribal Development Agency), Eturnagaram were selected purposively for this study. Results revealed that half of the respondents (50%) fall under the age group between 20- 30 years and the majority (85%) of the respondents were illiterates. There was a strong positive significant relationship between education and livelihood security at 1% level of significance (p<0.01) and other independent variables found no significance at 5% level (p<0.05).

scholarly journals Relationship between Profile and Marketing Behaviour of Turmeric Farmers in Kadapa District of Andhra Pradesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 92-97
Author(s):  
Settipalli Sravani ◽  
S. V. Prasad ◽  
P. L. R. J. Praveena ◽  
G. Karuna Sagar
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
School Level ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Marketing Orientation ◽  
Ex Post

The present study was conducted at Kadapa district of Andhra Pradesh with the objectives to find out the relationship between the turmeric farmers’ profile and their marketing behaviour.  Ex post facto research design was used for the study. Two mandals of Kadapa district namely Mydukur and Duvvur were purposively selected based on the highest area under turmeric cultivation and data was collected from a randomly drawn sample of 90 respondents by a structured questionnaire administered personally as per schedules.  The correlation results of the study revealed that the independent variables viz., age, farming experience, education, material possession, extension contact, training received, achievement motivation and social interaction had positive and statistically significant relationship with the marketing behaviour of the turmeric farmers. Whereas, area under turmeric cultivation and economic status had non-significant relationship with the marketing behaviour of the turmeric farmers. Multiple Linear Regression analysis revealed that all the selected 10 independent variables put together explained about 79.10 per cent variation in the marketing behaviour of turmeric farmers. The analysis of turmeric farmers’ profile indicated that majority of them were middle aged, with less than 2.5 acres of area under turmeric cultivation with medium farming experience, high school level of education, medium economic status, extension contact, training received, achievement motivation and social interaction and they also had medium level of marketing behaviour due to medium levels of planning orientation, production orientation, marketing orientation, market information sources utilization, decision making ability, risk taking ability and innovativeness.

Pengetahuan, Sikap dengan Partisipasi Pedagang Dalam Pengelolaan Sampah Pasar

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 519
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sufriannor ◽  
Hardiono Hardiono ◽  
Juanda A. Zuraini
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Active Role ◽  
P Value ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Abstract Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

Abstract: Knowledge, Attitude with Merchants Participation In The Management of Market Waste. In Banjarbaru city waste volume transported by TPS officers per day about 90 tons / day to TPA. One of the source of waste is the market which is a big problem because most of the market waste is wet garbage. So these waste piles become flies nest, rats, insects.Waste management is also influenced by the participation of merchants that were still lacking awareness to play an active role in the implementation. The purpose of this study is to determine the relations of knowledge, attitude with the participation of merchants in waste management in the Bauntung market Banjarbaru. The type of this research is analytical survey research with Cross Sectional approach. The population in this study is all merchants in the Bauntung market Banjarbaru. The sample is 85 respondents, obtained by proportional sampling method. The research variables consist of independent variables, namely knowledge and attitude while the dependent variable is the participation of merchants in waste management. Data analysis used is univariat and bivariate (using Chi Square with α = 0,05). The result of the research stated that there is no correlation between knowledge level and participation (p-value 0,747> 0,05). There is a correlation between attitudes with participation (p-value 0.001

scholarly journals Microwave Wireless Power Transfer System Based on a Frequency Reconfigurable Microstrip Patch Antenna Array

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 415
Author(s):  
Haiyue Wang ◽  
Lianwen Deng ◽  
Heng Luo ◽  
Junsa Du ◽  
Daohan Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Antenna Array ◽  
Patch Antenna ◽  
Wireless Power Transfer ◽  
Microstrip Patch Antenna ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Power Transfer ◽  
Wireless Power ◽  
Microstrip Patch ◽  
Wide Range

The microwave wireless power transfer (MWPT) technology has found a variety of applications in consumer electronics, medical implants and sensor networks. Here, instead of a magnetic resonant coupling wireless power transfer (MRCWPT) system, a novel MWPT system based on a frequency reconfigurable (covering the S-band and C-band) microstrip patch antenna array is proposed for the first time. By switching the bias voltage-dependent capacitance value of the varactor diode between the larger main microstrip patch and the smaller side microstrip patch, the working frequency band of the MWPT system can be switched between the S-band and the C-band. Specifically, the operated frequencies of the antenna array vary continuously within a wide range from 3.41 to 3.96 GHz and 5.7 to 6.3 GHz. For the adjustable range of frequencies, the return loss of the antenna array is less than −15 dB at the resonant frequency. The gain of the frequency reconfigurable antenna array is above 6 dBi at different working frequencies. Simulation results verified by experimental results have shown that power transfer efficiency (PTE) of the MWPT system stays above 20% at different frequencies. Also, when the antenna array works at the resonant frequency of 3.64 GHz, the PTE of the MWPT system is 25%, 20.5%, and 10.3% at the distances of 20 mm, 40 mm, and 80 mm, respectively. The MWPT system can be used to power the receiver at different frequencies, which has great application prospects and market demand opportunities.

scholarly journals A Student’s Guide to the Classification and Operationalization of Variables in the Conceptualization and Design of a Clinical Study: Part 1

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chittaranjan Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Research Experience ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Know How ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Cause And Effect ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
The Relationship

Students without prior research experience may not know how to conceptualize and design a study. This article explains how an understanding of the classification and operationalization of variables is the key to the process. Variables describe aspects of the sample that is under study; they are so called because they vary in value from subject to subject in the sample. Variables may be independent or dependent. Independent variables influence the value of other variables; dependent variables are influenced in value by other variables. A hypothesis states an expected relationship between variables. A significant relationship between an independent and dependent variable does not prove cause and effect; the relationship may partly or wholly be explained by one or more confounding variables. Variables need to be operationalized; that is, defined in a way that permits their accurate measurement. These and other concepts are explained with the help of clinically relevant examples.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF BREED AND SEX ON THE PATTERNS OF FAT DEPOSITION AND DISTRIBUTION IN SWINE

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. M. JONES ◽  
R. J. RICHMOND ◽  
M. A. PRICE ◽  
R. B. BERG
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Allometric Equation ◽  
Muscle Weight ◽  
Constant Weight ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sex Type ◽  
Breed Differences

The growth and distribution of fat from 163 pig carcasses were compared among five breeds (Duroc × Yorkshire (D × Y), Hampshire × Yorkshire (H × Y), Yorkshire (Y × Y), Yorkshire × Lacombe-Yorkshire (Y × L-Y) and Lacombe × Yorkshire (L × Y)) and two sex-types (barrows and gilts) over a wide range in carcass weight. The growth pattern of fat and the fat depots were estimated from the allometric equation (Y = aXb) using side muscle weight and side fat weight separately as independent variables. Growth coefficients (b) for intermuscular and subcutaneous fat depots were similar for the hindquarter but the intermuscular depot coefficient was slightly higher for the forequarter. The coefficient for body cavity fat was highest in all comparisons. No significant differences were detected for coefficients among breeds and between sexes using both total muscle and total side fat as independent variables. Significant breed and sex-type differences were found in the fat depots at a constant weight of side muscle. This would indicate that breed differences in fatness seemed to be more influenced by the initiation of fattening at different muscle weights than by any inherent differences in rate of fattening. Significant breed differences were also found in the fat depots at a constant fat weight, indicating that breed may influence fat distribution. Sex-type had no effect on fat distribution when the evaluation was made at constant fatness.

scholarly journals Low Dose of Fluoride in the Culture Medium of Cordyceps militaris Promotes Its Growth and Enhances Bioactives with Antioxidant and Anticancer Properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 342
Author(s):  
Xiaoshuai Li ◽  
Jia Wang ◽  
Huayue Zhang ◽  
Long Xiao ◽  
Zhongfang Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Potassium Fluoride ◽  
Cordyceps Militaris ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Human Osteosarcoma Cells ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bioactive Ingredients

Cordyceps militaris possesses several compounds with medicinal properties, and is commonly used in traditional Chinese functional food and medicine for a variety of health benefits. Because of its rare occurrence in nature, the market demand for artificial C. militaris is on the rise. Furthermore, efforts to increase its bioactive ingredients have also been considered in research. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of fluoride on the growth and enrichment of bioactive compounds in C. militaris. A wide range of potassium fluoride concentrations (0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, and 1 mM) were added to the culture media as a source of fluoride during the cultivation of C. militaris fruiting bodies. The contents of fluorine and bioactive substances of the fruiting bodies in normal (NM) and fluorine-supplemented (FM) media were measured and compared. C. militaris raised in the growth medium supplemented with 0.01 mM potassium fluoride led to a 44.86% (1.55 ± 0.14 g/bottle) increase in biomass and a 23.43% (3161.38 ± 35.71 µg/g) increase in total carotenoid content in the fruiting bodies. Furthermore, a remarkable increase in superoxide dismutase-like activity (84.75 U/mg) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 2.59 mg/mL) was recorded. In human cancer cell-based assays, C. militaris raised in FM caused stronger cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest in human osteosarcoma cells. These results demonstrated that a low dose of fluoride could stimulate the growth of C. militaris fruiting bodies and enhance the production of bioactive ingredients that possess useful antioxidant and anticancer activities.

scholarly journals Evaluating the efficacy of technical measures: a case study of selection device legislation in the UK Crangon crangon (brown shrimp) fishery

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom L. Catchpole ◽  
Andrew S. Revill ◽  
James Innes ◽  
Sean Pascoe
Keyword(s):  
Brown Shrimp ◽  
Crangon Crangon ◽  
Shrimp Fishery ◽  
The North ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Technical Measures

Abstract Catchpole, T. L., Revill, A. S., Innes, J., and Pascoe, S. 2008. Evaluating the efficacy of technical measures: a case study of selection device legislation in the UK Crangon crangon (brown shrimp) fishery. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 267–275. Bycatch reduction devices are being introduced into a wide range of fisheries, with shrimp and prawn fisheries particularly targeted owing to the heavy discarding common in these fisheries. Although studies are often undertaken to estimate the impact of a technical measure on the fishery before implementation, rarely have the impacts been assessed ex post. Here, the efficacy of the UK legislation pertaining to the use of sievenets in the North Sea Crangon crangon fishery is assessed. Three impacts were evaluated: on fisher behaviour (social), on the level of bycatch (biological), and on vessel profitability (economic). An apparent high level of compliance by skippers was identified despite a low level of enforcement. The estimated reduction in fleet productivity following the introduction of the legislation was 14%, equalling the mean loss of Crangon landings when using sievenets calculated from catch comparison trawls. Sievenets did reduce the unnecessary capture of unwanted marine organisms, but were least effective at reducing 0-group plaice, which make up the largest component of the bycatch. Clearly the legislation has had an effect in the desired direction, but it does not address sufficiently the bycatch issue in the Crangon fishery.

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