scholarly journals EFFECTS OF DESALINATION ON HYDRODYNAMIC PROCESS IN PERSIAN GULF

2018 ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wonhyun Lee ◽  
James M. Kaihatu
Keyword(s):  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Hydrodynamic Process ◽  
Adjacent Area ◽  
Mena Region ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Desalination Plants

Desalination is a significant source of potable water to the Persian Gulf (simply, the Gulf) region. At present, the Gulf countries are the biggest users of seawater desalination with over 50% of the world’s installed capacity. While, as ground- and surface water sources may become scarce or endangered in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, water desalination activities are expected to continue growing in quantity and capacity, particularly in the Gulf region. However, it is not yet clear what the environmental effects are of increased brine discharge to the nearshore and offshore environments, as reliance on mass exchange through the Strait of Hormuz may be insufficient for necessary levels of flushing. To study this, a three-dimensional characterization of the Gulf has been developed using the Delft3D-FLOW hydrodynamic model. This model was used to obtain the hydrodynamics and flow transporting characteristics in the Gulf. In addition to meteorological and oceanographic forcing, the seasonal discharges of four major rivers and numerous desalination plants in the Gulf region were considered to the modeling system. Field measurements from Texas A&M University at Galveston (TAMUG) Microstructure Group in 2013 provided the validation for the model. The maximum 4.21 ppt and 4.32℃ increases in salinity and temperature, respectively, due to the brine discharge of desalination were obtained at the adjacent area to six desalination plants in the Gulf.

A mathematical modeling of two industrial seawater desalination plants in the Persian Gulf region

Desalination ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 252 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahereh Kaghazchi ◽  
Mahdieh Mehri ◽  
Maryam Takht Ravanchi ◽  
Ali Kargari
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Seawater Desalination ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Desalination Plants

scholarly journals The circulation of the Persian Gulf: a numerical study

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kämpf ◽  
M. Sadrinasab
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Thermal Stratification ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Mass Properties ◽  
Inverse Estuary ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Autumn And Winter

Abstract. We employ a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model (COHERENS) to study the circulation and water mass properties of the Persian Gulf, which is a large inverse estuary. Our findings suggest that the Persian Gulf experiences a distinct seasonal cycle in which a Gulf-wide cyclonic overturning circulation establishes in spring and summer, but this disintegrates into mesoscale eddies in autumn and winter. Establishment of the Gulf-wide circulation coincides with establishment of thermal stratification and strengthening of the baroclinic exchange circulation through the Strait of Hormuz. The latter is associated with winter cooling of extreme saline (>45 psu) water in shallow regions along the coast of United Arab Emirates. To validate the model results, we present a detailed comparison with observational evidence.

A discussion concerning the floor of the northwest Indian Ocean - The recent sedimentary facies of the Persian Gulf region

1966 ◽  
Vol 259 (1099) ◽  
pp. 291-298 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Barrier Islands ◽  
Sedimentary Facies ◽  
Dune Sand ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
Marginal Sea ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Persian Gulf

The Persian Gulf, which is a shallow marginal sea of the Indian Ocean, is an excellent model for the study of some ancient troughs. It is bordered on the west by the Arabian Precambrian shield and on the east by the Persian Tertiary fold mountains. Persia is an area of extensive continental deposition. It is bordered by a narrow submarine shelf. The deeper trough of the Persian Gulf lying along the Persian Coast seaward of the shelf is floored by marly sediments. East of this, the Arabian shelf is covered with skeletal calcarenites and calcilutites. To the northwest is the Mesopotamian alluvial plain and deltaic lobe. Arabia is bordered on the Persian Gulf littoral by a coastal complex of carbonate environments. Barrier islands, tidal deltas (the site of oolitic calcarenite formation) and reefs protect lagoons where calcilutites, pelletal-calcarenites and calcilutites and skeletal calcarenites and calcilutites are forming. There are Mangrove swamps, extensive algal flats and broad intertidal flats bordering the lagoons and landward sides of the islands. A wide coastal plain, the sabkha, borders the mainland. Here evaporation and reactions between the saline waters percolating from the lagoons, and calcium carbonate deposited during a seaward regression, leads to the production of evaporitic minerals including anhydrite, celestite, dolomite, gypsum and halite. Inland, wide dune sand areas pass into the outwash plains skirting the mountain rim of Arabia.

THREATS TO RESPIRATORY HEALTH IN THE PERSIAN GULF REGION

1991 ◽  
Vol 84 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Roscoe C. Young ◽  
Raylinda E. Rachal ◽  
Wavell D. Hodge
Keyword(s):  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
The Persian Gulf

China, Global Energy, and the Middle East

2007 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve A. Yetiv ◽  
Chunlong Lu
Keyword(s):  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
Arms Sales ◽  
The Past ◽  
Regional Dynamics ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Economic Ties

China has significantly enhanced its position and interest in the Persian Gulf region over the past 25 years, making it an important newcomer in regional dynamics. Evidence clearly shows that it has expanded, in some cases dramatically, its diplomatic contacts, economic ties, and arms sales to regional states. This represents a novel development which is likely to accelerate in the future as China's dependence on Persian Gulf oil grows. China's rising position in the region has put Beijing and Washington at odds and could generate serious friction points in the future. Policy recommendations are sketched to avoid such an outcome.

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