New Dimensions of Global Feminist Influence: Tracking Feminist Mobilization Worldwide, 1975–2015

Feminist mobilization, crucial for advancing women's human rights, has increased in all world regions since 1975. However, we do not know enough about the global impact of this mobilization because we lack adequate databases to explore the ways that feminist mobilization interacts with other factors that enhance and limit women's rights, such as democracy, intergovernmental processes, and transnational, regional organizing. Our ability to explore these questions is obstructed by a lack of data on the global south and measures that focus on formal organizations. This project remedies these gaps, developing an improved measure of feminist mobilization that encompasses autonomous, domestic feminist mobilization in 126 countries, 1975–2015, enabling us to track global and regional trends. Using regional comparisons and statistical analysis, we use this new measure to reveal new patterns and complexities in feminist mobilization. We discern distinct regional patterns in such organizing that defy facile predictions of global convergence and suggest a central role for UN processes advancing women's rights. Our analysis also points to the importance of transnational feminist networks and democratization as factors enabling and strengthening feminist mobilization. We conclude by suggesting some fruitful avenues for exploring relationships between feminist movements, international institutions, and democracy.

Problematic of Legal Protection Against Women after Ratification the Job Creation Act under the ILO Conventions

It is felt that the overlapping regulations in Indonesia have hampered government programs so far. So that President Jokowi sparked a new regulation, namely the omnibus law with the aim of simplifying regulations in Indonesia so that the omnibus law is believed to be the most relevant solution today. However, this caused a strong reaction by the workers, because it was considered to have the potential to make workers experience marginalization again in the interests of economic development. This research was conducted using a normative juridical approach and intends to explain how legal protection for workers, especially women workers, after the ratification of Law number 11 of 2020 concerning job creation based on International Labour Organization. The results of the research found that no changes were found regarding women's rights in the omnibus law which was also reviewed based on the ILO convention

Feminization of Agriculture: Do Female Farmers Have Higher Expectations for the Value of Their Farmland?—Empirical Evidence from China

An individual’s expectations for the value of farmland are a manifestation of his or her awareness of farmland rights and interests. Differences between male and female farmers in their use of farmland, employment, education, and rights protection may ultimately lead to differences in the evaluation of land value between the two groups. Clarifying such gender differences in the valuation of farmland and the reasons for them is of great significance for the formulation of policies and scientific research in areas such as the protection of rural women’s rights, nonagricultural employment, and land transfer. In the context of the global “feminization of agriculture”, we start with individuals’ psychological expectations for the value of farmland. We use data on farmland from the 2015 China Household Finance Survey (CHFS) and estimate an OLS regression model. The moderating effects model identifies the impact of gender differences on such expectations and the underlying mechanism. We find that (1) rural female farmers’ psychological expectations for the value of farmland are much lower than those of males due to their disadvantages in receiving information through policy publicization and their greater willingness to transfer into nonagricultural employment, and (2), according to the heterogeneity analysis, better educated female farmers and those living in areas with greater economic and social development expect farmland to be more valuable. These conclusions show that female farmers are currently less aware of their economic rights in rural China than male farmers, and that education, policy propaganda, and economic and social underdevelopment hinder their awareness of women’s rights. We propose policy suggestions to ensure women’s educational rights, promote the adjustment of the industrial structure and of policy propaganda, and balance regional economic and social development.

A Bibliometric Analysis of Digital Feminism Research

Feminism is the body of social movements for the protection of women's rights. With the transfer of feminist activities to the online environment, the concept of digital feminism emerged, and women's rights started to be defended online. The aim of this study is to analyze the articles dealing with the subject of “digital feminism” in the Web of Science and Scopus databases taking various parameters into account. For this purpose, the bibliometric method was utilized, and 53 articles which addressed digital feminism between the years 1975-2021 were examined. This study is the first to discuss digital feminism using bibliometric analysis. In this respect, it is thought that the study will contribute to the literature and will be a reference for researchers.