Histological and Immunofluorescence Study of Discal Ligaments in Human Temporomandibular Joint

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a bilateral synovial articulation stabilized by several anatomical structures such as ligaments. The existence of articular capsule reinforcement structures have been described in the lateral and medial sides of disc which have been defined as collateral ligaments, lateral and medial. Despite that, some macroscopic observations support that these collateral ligaments do not belong to the articular capsule but they belong to the disc. By that, the aim of the present work was to evaluate morphological aspects of TMJ from cadaveric frozen heads by histological and immunofluorescence techniques in order to verify the origin and insertion of lateral and medial collateral ligaments. Results show that both lateral and medial ligaments origin from the disc and insert directly to the articular cartilage of mandibula condyle. These data open a new approach in the study of human TMJ.

Enhanced 15-Lipoxygenase 1 Production is Related to Periostin Expression and Eosinophil Recruitment in Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Background: The pathological features of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) tissues include an eosinophilic infiltration pattern (eosinophilic CRS (ECRS)) or a less eosinophilic pattern (non-ECRS). Recently, it has been suggested that 15-lipoxygenase 1 (15-LOX-1) may have significant roles in allergic disease; however, the significance of 15-LOX-1 in CRS is not well understood. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the expression of 15-LOX-1 in CRS. Methods: The mRNA expression levels of 15-LOX-1 and periostin in nasal tissues were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. We also performed an immunofluorescence study of nasal tissues. Cells of the Eol-1 eosinophilic leukemic cell line were stimulated with interleukin-33 to test the induction of 15-LOX-1. Results: The expression level of 15-LOX-1 mRNA in nasal polyps (NPs) was significantly higher in ECRS patients than in non-ECRS patients. The immunofluorescence study revealed that both airway epithelial cells and eosinophils in NPs expressed 15-LOX-1. A significant correlation was seen between the number of eosinophils and the mRNA expression levels of 15-LOX-1 and periostin in nasal polyps. Moreover, interleukin-33 enhanced 15-LOX-1 expression in Eol-1 cells. Conclusions: 15-LOX-1 was shown to be a significant molecule that facilitates eosinophilic inflammation in ECRS.

Clinicopathological and immunofluorescence study of vesiculobullous disorders

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Vesiculobullous diseases are mostly immune mediated and diagnosed based on the clinical features, histology and Immunofluorescence. The aim of the study was to identify the immunofluorescence pattern in auto immune vesiculobullous diseases and correlate it with the clinical profile and histology.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Patients attending the dermatology outpatient department in a tertiary hospital with vesiculobullous diseases, suggestive of auto immune aetiology were evaluated clinically. Histopathology and direct immuno-fluorescence were done in all patients.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> During the one year period from June 2008 to July 2009, 40 patients with vesiculobullous disorders clinically suggestive of auto immune aetiology attended the outpatient department. Out of the 40 patients, 22 (55%) patients were diagnosed to have intraepidermal with female preponderance and 18 patients (45%) sub epidermal blistering diseases. Bullous pemphigoid was the commonest sub epidermal disease, seen in 8 patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> In all cases diagnosed clinically as pemphigus a histological diagnosis of pemphigus was made (100%). The clinical variants of pemphigus could also be diagnosed in all cases histologically (100%). The positive and negative predictive value was 100% in pemphigus group cases. Histology of all patients showed subepidermal bulla (100%). A specific diagnosis could be made in 18 patients with sub epidermal disease (100%). DIF was found to be an invaluable tool in diagnosing different diseases belonging to the sub epidermal group, but it was not of much help in sub classifying variants of pemphigus.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>