КРЕАТИВНІСТЬ ІДІОМАТИЧНОГО ПРОСТОРУ СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ ІНТЕРАКЦІЇ

The present paper is a study of creativity of idiomatic space in the national varieties of English. The defi nition of the term ‘idiomatic space of social interaction’ has been suggested, formulated as “the property of the idiomatic space of social interaction to, either individually or collectively, form new idiomatic units or to adjust them according to the pragmatic and communicative goals of discourse”, and is further investigated in the News on the Web (NOW) corpus evidenced from canonical and non-canonical forms of the idiom have your cake and eat it (too). In total, 1158 instances of the use of the above idiom were investigated in fi ve national varieties of English (British English, American English, Canadian English, Australian English, and New Zealand English). Based on the data obtained, it was discovered that canonical forms of the idiom under analysis prevail over non-canonical forms (79.8% to 20.2%). Further, this was verifi ed with the help of concordance analysis using AntConc freeware corpus analysis toolkit, which showed minor deviations of the idiom from its base form. However, despite being in the minority, the non-canonical forms of have your cake and eat it (too) lend themselves to a rigorous analysis from the standpoint of the conceptual integration theory. One such instance of conceptual blending – to have their cake and eat it and then expect to still have it to eat later on when they’re hungry. And a bag to put it in – was considered in the present paper. The overall analysis has proved the applicability of the conceptual integration theory to idiomatic creativity in terms of idiomatic inputs and blends. Since no direct blends inv olving the above idiom were identifi ed in the NOW corpus, a wider context of the idiom (at least two or three sentences along with the title of the relevant publication) was considered. This provides certain evidence to hypothesize that the conceptual integration theory is not a universal one when it comes to interpreting idiomatic creativity. With this in mind, further quantitative and qualitative analyses are needed to rigorously determine the place of the conceptual integration theory in examining idiomatic creativity. Key words: study of idioms, idiomatic space, corpus analysis, conceptual integration theory, creativity of idiomatic space.

Classification of singular differential invariants in (1+3)-dimensional space and integrability

Singularity is one of the important features in invariant structures in several physical phenomena reflected often in the associated invariant differential equations. The classification problem for singular differential invariants in (1+3)-dimensional space associated with Lie algebras of dimension 4 is investigated. The formulation of singular invariants for a Lie algebra of dimension [Formula: see text] possessed by the underlying system of three second-order ordinary differential equations is studied in detail and the corresponding canonical forms for these systems are deduced. Furthermore, the categorization of singular invariants on the basis of conditional singularity, weak uncoupling, weak linearization, partial uncoupling and partial linearization are described for the underlying canonical forms. In addition, those cases of classified canonical forms are also mentioned which do not lead to singular invariant systems of three second-order ODEs for a Lie algebra of dimension 4. The integrability aspect of these classified singular-invariant systems in (1+3)-dimensional space is discussed in a detailed manner for a Lie algebra of dimension 4. Finally, two physical systems from mechanics are presented to illustrate the utilization of the physical aspect of these singular invariants.

Դիմահայաց պատկերագրության դրսեվորումները Վանի թագավորության արվեստում

Հոդվածը նվիրված է Վանի թագավորության կերպարվեստում դիմահայաց պատկերների ուսումնասիրությանը: Հոդվածի շրջանակում քննության են ենթարկվում ուրարտական ժամանակաշրջանի բրոնզյա մի շարք թիթեղներ ու քանդակներ, որոնց գեղարվեստական հարդարանքում առկա մարդկային դիմահայաց պատկերներն իրենց ոճական առանձնահատկություններով և գեղարվեստական լուծումներով էապես տարբերվում են ուրարտական ավանդական կանոնիկ պատկերաձևերից: Վերլուծության արդյունքում հանգել ենք այն եզրակացության, որ նմանօրինակ սխեմատիկ պատկերատիպերն ամենայն հավանականությամբ ձևավորվել են հայկական լեռնաշխարհի ժայռապատկերային, ինչպես նաև ժողովրդական արվեստի ազդեցությամբ: The purpose of this article is to examine the frontal images of man in the art of the Kingdom of Van. The article analyzes the Urartian bronze plaques and sculptures, which different vastly from the traditional canonical forms and, as such, generate broad interest. In the schematic representations of humans, traces of graphic types of the previous periods are visible, as well as the stylistic peculiarities of the rock paintings of the Armenian Highlands and of the folk art of the Kingdom of Van. As a result of the study, we can arrive at a conclusion, that in Urartian art, the tradition of both frontal and profile representations existed concurrently.

Using ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy to study nanoswitches based on non-canonical DNA structures

Non-canonical forms of DNA are attracting increasing interest for applications in nanotechnology. It is frequently convenient to characterize DNA molecules using a label-free approach such as UV absorption spectroscopy. In this paper we present the results of our investigation into the use of this technique to probe the folding of quadruplex and triplex nanoswitches. We confirmed that four G-quartets were necessary for folding at sub-mM concentrations of potassium and found that the wrong choice of sequence for the linker between G-tracts could dramatically disrupt folding, presumably due to the presence of kinetic traps in the folding landscape. In the case of the triplex nanoswitch we examined, we found that the UV spectrum showed a small change in absorbance when a triplex was formed. We anticipate that our results will be of interest to researchers seeking to design DNA nanoswitches based on quadruplexes and triplexes.

Some Morphosyntactic Features of Russian as a Heritage Language in the Speech of Bi/Multilingual Children in Canada

This article addresses the development of some features of morphology and syntax in the speech of bi/multilingual children in Saskatchewan, Canada, who are heritage speakers of Russian. The article reports on the results of a descriptive study examining some morpho-syntactic characteristics of the Russian speech of 29 children between 5 and 6 years old from immigrant families. These results are compared with a sample of speech data produced by Russian monolingual children (ML). This comparison demonstrates that child RHL speakers produce more morpho-syntactic non-canonical forms than their ML peers, but that the development of noun cases and verbal forms overall is similar to what is observed among ML speakers.

Reciprocal Transformations in Relativistic Gasdynamics. Lie Group Connections

Reciprocal transformations associated with admitted conservation laws were originally used to derive invariance properties in non-relativistic gasdynamics and applied to obtain reduction to tractable canonical forms. They have subsequently been shown to have diverse physical applications to nonlinear systems, notably in the analytic treatment of Stefan-type moving boundary problem and in linking inverse scattering systems and integrable hierarchies in soliton theory. Here,invariance under classes of reciprocal transformations in relativistic gasdynamics is shown to be linked to a Lie group procedure.