Pengaruh Stigma Masyarakat Terhadap Pembentukan Konsep Diri Remaja Penyalahgunaan Narkoba di Yayasan Bersama Kita Pulih (BESAKIH)

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat bagaimana stigma masyarakat mempengaruhi konsep diri remaja penyalahgunaan narkoba di Yayasan Bersama Kita Pulih. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan metode yang digunakan adalah studi kasus dengan responden sebanyak 2 orang remaja penyalahguna narkoba. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa responden pertama yang berinisial AA sudah memiliki konsep diri yang positif setelah melakukan rehabilitasi. hal tersebut terlihat dari mulai terpenuhinya dimensi-dimensi dalam konsep diri yaitu dimensi pribadi, dimensi sosial, dimensi fisik, dimensi etika dan moral serta dimensi keluarga. Sedangkan responden kedua yang berinisial MAM memiliki konsep diri yang negatif ditandai tidak merasa dirinya bermasalah dan tidak memerlukan perawatan rehabilitasi. Hal tersebut karena MAM memiliki kontrol emosi yang rendah, penerimaan diri yang negatif dan rendahnya tingkat beradaptasi dengan lingkungan. Stigma masyarakat 50% cukup berpengaruh terhadap pembentukan konsep diri pada remaja jika hubungan dengan keluarga kurang baik. Karena pada masa remaja sangat diperlukan dukungan dan kasih sayang orangtua dalam perkembangan emosional remaja. The purpose of this research is to see how social stigma affects self-concept of adolescent drug abuse at Yayasan Bersama Kita Pulih. This research uses a qualitative approach and method that is used is a case study with the respondents of 2 adolescents who abuse drugs. Sampling uses interview, observation and documentation. The result of this research shows that the first respondent with the initials AA already has a positive self-concept after doing the rehabilitation. It can be seen from starting the fulfillment of dimensions in self-concept, namely personal dimension, social dimension, physical dimension, ethical and moral dimensions and also family dimension. While, the second respondent with the initials MAM has a negative self-concept that is indicated from not feeling that his self is problematic and does not require rehabilitation treatment. This is because MAM has a low emotional control, negative self-acceptance and a low level-adaptation with the environment. 50% of social stigma is quite influential towards the formation of self-concept in adolescent if the relationship with the family is not good enough. Because in adolescence, parental support and affection are required in adolescent emotional development.

Association between Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption and Executive Function in Children

The association between sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and executive function among children has been less investigated. We aimed to explore this topic. We randomly recruited 6387 children aged 6–12 years from five elementary schools in Guangzhou, China in 2019. Information on frequency and servings of children’s SSB consumption was assessed using a questionnaire. Children’s executive function was evaluated using parents’ ratings of the Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF), which comprises eight subscales—including inhibit, shift, emotional control, initiate, working memory, plan/organize, organization of materials and monitor, as well as three composite indexes including behavioral regulation index (BRI), metacognition index (MI), and global executive index (GEC). SSB consumption was positively associated with all subscales and composite scores of BRIEF as well as higher risks of elevated executive difficulties, indicating poorer executive function. For example, children who drank SSB ≥2 times/week were related to higher scores of GEC (estimates, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.44, 1.79 to 3.09) compared with those who never drank SSB. The odds ratio of elevated GEC associated with SSB consumption ≥2 times/week was 1.62 (95% CI: 1.34, 1.96) than non-consumers. The results of this study indicated that SSB consumption was associated with poorer executive function in children.

The effects of childhood unpredictability and harshness on emotional control and relationship quality: A life history perspective

Being able to control oneself in emotionally upsetting situations is essential for good relationship functioning. According to life history theory, childhood exposure to harshness and unpredictability should forecast diminished emotional control and lower relationship quality. We examined this in three studies. In Studies 1 and 2, greater childhood unpredictability (frequent financial, residential, and familial changes), but not harshness (low SES), was associated with lower emotional control in adolescents (N = 1041) and adults (N = 327). These effects were stronger during the participants’ reproductive years. Moreover, in Study 2, greater childhood unpredictability was indirectly associated with lower relationship quality through lower emotional control. In study 3, we leveraged the Minnesota Longitudinal Study of Risk and Adaptation (N = 160). Greater early-life unpredictability (ages 0–4) prospectively predicted lower relationship quality at age 32 via lower emotional control at the same age. This relation was serially mediated by less supportive observed early maternal care (ages 1.5–3.5) and insecure attachment representations (ages 19 and 26). Early unpredictability also predicted greater observed emotional distress during conflict interactions with romantic partners (ages 19–36). These findings point to the role of emotional control in mediating the effects of unpredictable childhood environments on relationship functioning in adulthood.

Dark Triad traits as predictors of adherence to traditional masculine norms in men

The present study examined whether Dark Triad traits explain variance in men’s adherence to traditional masculine norms (Playboy, Self-Reliance, Emotional Control, Winning, Violence, Heterosexual Self-Presentation, Risk-Taking, and Power over Women). Two-hundred and thirty-seven English speaking men (aged 18 to 62 years) completed online versions of the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale-III, the Narcissistic Personality Inventory, the Mach-IV, and the Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory-29. Results from regression analyses showed that the psychopathic trait Callous Affect positively predicted men’s Need to Win, Emotional Control, Violence, and Power Over Women; Erratic Lifestyle was a positive predictor of Risk-Taking; and Antisocial Behaviour was a positive predictor of Playboy. Machiavellianism predicted only Violence. The Narcissistic sub-trait Leadership positively predicted Risk-Taking; Manipulativeness predicted Risk-Taking and Violence; Superiority predicted Risk-Taking and Power over Women; Vanity predicted Self-Reliance; and Exhibitionism predicted Emotional Control. We conclude that whilst Callous Affect appears to hold the highest predictive validity, the Dark Triad traits differentially predict adherence to specific masculine norms.

The subject-personal characteristics of military university officers as predictors of burnout

The results of the study of the subject-personal characteristics of military university officers (hereinafter officers) as predictors of burnout are represented. 73 officers (men) at the age of 23 to 51 years were examined. Negative relationships between phases of burnout and subjective (cognitive, volitional, emotional control, behavioral regulation, communicative potential) and personal (meaningfulness of life, moral normality) characteristics among officers have been revealed. Individual components of subject-personal characteristics are in close interrelation, which indicates that we are dealing with a complex system organization. There are significant differences among officers with various kinds of activity in terms of indicators of subject-personal characteristics. There are specific interrelations between subject-personal characteristics and phases of burnout of officers, depending on the type of official activity.

How self-reflection and resilience can affect pre-competition anxiety? Evidence from national competitive table tennis in adolescent players

Although previous studies have investigated pre-competition anxiety (PCA), the research examining how to promote the development of self-reflection and resilience in order to regulate PCA is limited. This study has three aims: to examine group differences age, gender, sport level, and exercise duration in (PCA), self-reflection and resilience; to test the relationships between PCA, self-reflection, and resilience; and to determine whether self-reflection and resilience can predict PCA. The included 82 male and 105 female adolescent Chinese table tennis player (ages 12–19). SPSS 25.0 software has used to drive ANOVA, Pearson correlations and regression analysis. The main result was that Pearson correlations demonstrated the strongest relationship between PCA, self-reflection, and resilience. The regression analysis model proved that self-insight predicted cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety and self-confidence; interpersonal assistance and emotional control predicted self-confidence; and emotional control predicted cognitive anxiety and somatic anxiety. The result of this study were consistent with those of previous studies: there was a significant relationship between PCA, self-reflection and resilience when using the Chinese Adolescent Resilience Scale, and there were some differences in the test of group differences. However, this study uncovered new evidence that interpersonal assistance and emotional control can predict PCA. Further research should focus on cross-cultural differences in the process of cultivating athlete self-reflection and resilience.

Are Humans More Like Wolves or Dogs?

What makes humans a unique species? How did ancient humans evolve to live together and cooperate with each other? Research on the evolution of prehistoric humans shows that we have some characteristics in common with domesticated animals, like dogs, cows, and pigs. These similarities led researchers to propose that the human species has also undergone a type of domestication, which decreased our aggression and increased our social nature. In this article, we examine this idea and present an alternative: that the human species did not become domesticated like pets or farm animals, but instead evolved the ability to control its emotions, similar to other highly social species, like wolves. Emotional control allows us to restrain our aggression or promote it, depending on the situation. We think that emotional control is what allowed the human species to develop unique ways of communication in the animal kingdom.