WALTER BLOCK vs JAKUB BOZYDAR WISNIEWSKI DEBATING ABORTION: A SUMMARY

Without a doubt, one of the most controversial issues currently being debated is abortion. Several decades ago, philosopher and economist Walter Block offered a compromise of the seemingly uncompromisable problem based on libertarian principles, which he called evictionism. Evictionism is based on the theory of self-ownership and the implications that follow, which are the non-aggression principle and private property rights. It is a principled compromise between the traditional pro-life and pro-choice positions. According to evictionism, it would not be illegal for a pregnant woman to evict a fetus at any time for any reason because she is the one who owns her womb, but it would be illegal for her to kill the fetus unnecessarily once it’s viable. This means that before viability, an eviction that necessarily results in the death of the fetus would be legal. After viability, however, an eviction that unnecessarily results in the death of a fetus would be considered murder and consequently illegal. Unfortunately, though, very few people have heard of this compromise. What’s worse of those who have heard of it, even fewer have been convinced by it. Consequently, there have been several written debates between Block and his critics about their perceived problems with his proposed compromise. The purpose of this paper is to provide a detailed summary of one of the first main debates that Block has had on the topic.

A Reply to Camilla Pickles' “Pregnancy Law in South Africa: Between Reproductive Autonomy and Foetal Interests”

Camilla Pickles’ Pregnancy Law in South Africa. Between Reproductive Autonomy and Foetal Interests (Pregnancy Law) aims at providing a less adversarial angle related to the pregnant woman and the unborn within her, by moving away from the pregnant woman as a single entity (including the unborn within her) as well as from viewing the pregnant woman and the unborn within her as two separate entities of distinctive value and separate needs. This applies to four categories addressed by Pregnancy Law, namely foetal personhood, violence against pregnant women that terminates pregnancies, substance abuse during pregnancy, and termination of pregnancy for especially the South African context. Pregnancy Law positions its argument on a relational model that emphasises the context of pregnancy as signifying a connection between the pregnant woman (with rights) and the unborn (with interests) inside of her, the unborn being fully dependent on the pregnant woman’s body. This in turn is blended with what is referred to as a not-one/not-two approach. Bearing this in mind, Pregnancy Law claims to provide a compromise, middle ground and third approach regarding what is perceived to be the extremes of the single-entity and separate-entities approaches. Bearing this in mind, this article comprises a critical appraisal directed at Pregnancy Law’s claims as alluded to in the above with specific focus on the status of the unborn against the background of abortion (which in turn has implications for matters related to foetal personhood, violence against pregnant women that terminates pregnancies and substance abuse during pregnancy).

Genital Prolapse in Pregnant Woman as a Presentation of Aggressive Angiomyxoma: Case Report and Literature Review

Background: Aggressive angiomyxoma is a rare entity within mesenchymal cell neoplasms, especially in pregnant women. Its main characteristic is the ability to infiltrate neighboring structures and to recur. Case Presentation: We present the case of a pregnant woman who debuted with a genital prolapse in the second trimester of pregnancy. She was diagnosed with bilateral ovarian teratomas and a pelvic mass of which the diagnosis could not be established until delivery. The route of delivery used was cesarean section since the genital prolapse behaved as a previous tumor. After the puerperium, the patient was referred for consultation to complete the study of the mass. The extension study was carried out with a negative result. The patient underwent surgery for tumor exeresis. Hormonal treatment was not administered according to the patient’s preferences. Conclusions: Aggressive angiomyxoma is a benign neoplasm that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pelvic tumors in women. In pregnant women, the vaginal route of delivery is not contraindicated as long as the tumor does not obstruct the birth canal. The definitive treatment is surgery, preferably performed in a second stage after delivery.

Spontaneous Epidural Hematoma during Pregnancy

Spontaneous epidural hematoma during pregnancy is rare but it requires urgent diagnosis and decompressive surgery because the prognosis is mainly linked to the speed of treatment. Reporting the case of a pregnant woman in the 8th month of pregnancy who presented back pain with paraplegia, an MRI was performed on her returning in favor of a compressive hematoma at the D1D2 level. Followed by a D1D2 laminectomy with evacuation of the hematoma. The postoperative period is marked by total neurological recovery.

An Unusual Presentation of COVID-19 Associated Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Adults (MIS-A) in a Pregnant Woman

Based on available literature, pregnant women are at an increased risk of severe illness from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, compared to nonpregnant women. Consequences of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in pregnancy have many implications in women’s lives other than unfavorable obstetric outcomes. In addition to managing acute respiratory illness and symptoms, caregivers should be equipped to detect and manage the short-term, intermediate, and long-term consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection as well. Many pregnant women can remain asymptomatic and continue their pregnancy without being diagnosed. Pregnancy outcomes and consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infected yet asymptomatic mothers have not been very well explained. Reports of a new multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults (MIS-A) following COVID-19 have been described. However, MIS-A in pregnancy is an extremely rare presentation that can cause a huge diagnostic dilemma to caregivers. We describe the successful management of a pregnant woman with MIS-A following SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Electroless plating process for the manufacture of radiation protection suits for pregnant woman: Effect of bending on its electromagnetic shielding performance

Multi-ion fabrics (especially silver ion fabrics) have special advantages as electromagnetic radiation, but the use of noble metals enhances its cost. Electroless nickel plating (EP-Ni) has great potential application in fabricating low-cost metallized material. Here, EP-Ni on pure cotton surface to fabricate radiation protection suits for pregnant woman was established to replace traditional protection suits with silver film. The active groups on the cotton/polyester blend fiber surface could absorb tin and palladium ions, acting as catalytic centers, which can catalyze the reduction of Ni2+ in the plating solution. Ni particle with (111) crystal plane preferential oriented crystal structure deposited on cotton surface with a coarse microstructure. The Ni deposited amount is about 19%. The fabricated material exhibited a shielding effectiveness of 29.5 dB. Studies also shown that bending has no negative effect on crystallinity and electrical property. But more bending times could lead to crack, which would decline electromagnetic shielding performance by 24%.

Anesthetic management of cesarean section in a patient with Takayasu’s arteritis: a case report

Background Takayasu’s arteritis (TA) is a chronic, progressive, inflammatory arteritis. We presented the case of cesarean section in a patient with TA. Case presentation A 31-year-old pregnant woman with TA underwent a planned cesarean section at 34 weeks of pregnancy. She had stenosis of the cerebral and coronary arteries and heart failure due to aortic regurgitation. Spinal anesthesia was performed. In addition to standard monitoring, arterial blood pressure in the dorsalis pedis artery and regional cerebral tissue oxygen saturation were monitored. Intraoperative arterial blood pressure was maintained using continuous infusion of noradrenaline with a careful intermittent bolus infusion of phenylephrine. All the procedures were successfully performed without significant complications. Conclusions In a pregnant woman with TA, severe stenosis of the cerebral and coronary arteries, and heart failure due to valvular heart disease, careful anesthetic management by selecting catecholamines and assessing the perfusion pressure for critical organs is important.

Pulmonary blastoma in a pregnant woman: a case report and brief review of the literature

Background Pulmonary blastoma (PB) comprises a rare heterogeneous group of lung tumours typically containing immature epithelial and mesenchymal structures that imitate the embryonic lung tissue and extremely rarely occurs during pregnancy. Although cough and haemoptysis are the most common PB symptoms, they usually indicate other serious pregnancy-related complications. Case presentation The article presents the unusual case of a 22-year-old pregnant woman diagnosed with PB during pregnancy. Conclusions PB is characterized by poor prognosis and patients’ outcome relies on a rapid diagnosis. Surgery remains the most common and effective treatment. Due to the extreme rarity, the literature contains only single mentions of PB in pregnancy, thus its impact on the course of pregnancy and the developing fetus remains unknown.

FACTORES ASOCIADOS A LA FALTA DE CONTROL PRENATAL EN AMÉRICA LATINA Y SU RELACIÓN CON LAS COMPLICACIONES OBSTÉTRICAS.

Introducción: El control prenatal es un conjunto de actividades y procedimientos que el equipo de salud ofrece a la embarazada, para la prevención de complicaciones, por medio del diagnóstico precoz de factores de riesgo en la gestante y enfermedades que puedan afectar el curso normal del embarazo y la salud del recién nacido. Objetivo: Identificar los factores asociados a la falta de control prenatal en América latina y su relación con las complicaciones obstétricas. Métodos: investigación de diseño documental con revisión bibliográfica en las bases de datos: PubMed, BVS, Scielo, Latindex, Lilacs y Google académico, con los descriptores de ciencias de la salud (DeCS) de Bireme y los Medical Subject Headings (MesH) de la National Library of Medicine: atención prenatal, embarazo, complicaciones del embarazo, salud materno-infantil, en idioma español e inglés durante el periodo 2015-2021. Resultados: La búsqueda inicial de información reportó un total de 1718 registros, de los cuales 86 eran elegibles, de estos 56 no fueron relevantes, por lo que quedan incluidos 30 que permitieron dar cumplimiento al objetivo de estudio con los cuales se procedió al meta-análisis. Conclusiones: Los factores asociados a la falta de control prenatal son: el bajo nivel de instrucción, ocupaciones del hogar y crianza, falta de empleo, escasos recursos económicos, ubicación geográfica, falta de afiliación, creencias y costumbres, estos factores se relacionan con complicaciones obstétricas como: infecciones, anemia, preeclampsia, hemorragias, desgarros perineales, alumbramiento incompleto, bajo peso y prematuridad. Palabras claves: atención prenatal, embarazo, complicaciones del embarazo, salud materno-infantil ABSTRACT Introduction: Prenatal control is a set of activities and procedures that the health team offers to the pregnant woman, for the prevention of complications, through the early diagnosis of risk factors in the pregnant woman and diseases that may affect the normal course of pregnancy. and the health of the newborn. Objective: To identify the factors associated with the lack of prenatal control in Latin America and its relationship with obstetric complications. Methods: documentary design research with bibliographic review in databases: PubMed, BVS, Scielo, Latindex, Lilacs and academic Google, with the descriptors of health sciences (DeCS) from Bireme and the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) from the National Library of Medicine: prenatal care, pregnancy, pregnancy complications, maternal and child health, in Spanish and English during the period 2015-2021. Results: The initial search for information reported a total of 1718 records, of which 86 were eligible, of these 56 were not relevant, so 30 are included that allowed the fulfillment of the study objective with which the goal was carried out. analysis. Conclusions: The factors associated with the lack of prenatal control are: low level of education, home occupations and upbringing, lack of employment, scarce economic resources, geographic location, lack of affiliation, beliefs and customs, these factors are related to complications obstetrics such as: infections, anemia, preeclampsia, hemorrhages, perineal tears, incomplete delivery, low weight and prematurity.Keywords: prenatal care, pregnancy, pregnancy complications, maternal and child health