LAND DISPUTE SETTLEMENT POST LAW NO. 2 OF 2012; GLAGAH VILLAGE CASE STUDY RELATED TO NYIA AIRPORT

The location for the New Yogyakarta International Airport (NYIA) construction involved in land disputes during the land acquisition process. The land acquisition will always lead to disputes or conflicts with the affected people. It is even more complicated if, in the development process, the ruling elite intervenes, external forces outside the local community that are not directly related to the development. This article deals with the question of the government's public perceptions of the legal polemic of land dispute settlement based on Law No.2 of 2012, and concentrates to examine a new model of land dispute resolution from the perspective of affected communities against NYIA. This research is normative-empirical based on primary and secondary data, namely a literature study, field study, using purposive sampling with interviews, FGD, observation, and qualitative descriptive analysis. The result showed the failure of formal litigation and non-litigation approaches offered by Law No.2 of 2012 to resolve the disputes fairly. Village discussions based on local wisdom as a new model for equitable land dispute resolution needs a political review of Law No. 2 of 2012. The new paradigm of agrarian reform must be based on customary law and local wisdom values in the 1945 Constitution and the Agrarian Law. Given recent controversies concerning land disputes, a law on reform and structuring the national agrarian structure, Agrarian conflict resolution law, and law of natural resources management for the community are urgently needed.

Implementasi PTSL Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Konflik Pertanahan Di Kecamatan Ingin Jaya Kabupaten Aceh Besar

In order to guarantee legal certainty for land rights holders, the Government is conducting land registration program throughout Indonesia territory. The program has put an obligation to the land rights holder to register their land. The purpose of land registration is, to provide evidence for the ownership of land. The implementation mechanism of the program in regulated in the Permen ATR/BPN Number 6 of 2018 concerning Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL). The presence of the Permen is, in order to prevent land disputes in the community by accelerating land registration. Sub-district of Ingin Jaya, which is located in the Aceh Besar district, is one of the areas where PTSL activities are carried out. Currently, there is a large area of land in the Aceh Besar district has not been certified yet, it may cause legal uncertainty for land owner and such condition can potentially lead to land dispute. One of the indicators to claim this, are by taking land dispute cases as put on trial in the Jantho Court which has reached 32 cases from 2014 until 2019. This study aims to find out how the implementation of PTSL and its barrier in the Sub-District of Ingin Jaya, Aceh Besar. The research method is an empirical juridical research; it works by conducting observations, interviews, and documentation. The result found that the implementation of PTSL in the Sub-District of Ingin Jaya, Aceh Besar, is in accordance with Permen ATR/BPN No. 6 of 2018. However, in the ground, it is found that there are a number of obstacles which affect the successful of the PTSL program both internally and externally. Therefore, synergy and cooperation with all parties are needed so that the PTSL program in the Sub-District of Ingin Jaya can be implemented successfully in order to provide legal certainty for land rights holders, so that the land dispute can be prevented as early as possible.

Business Negotiation Approach Model and Strategy for Community Leaders in Resolving Land Dispute Conflicts in Maluku Province

This study was written with the aim of knowing and describing how the Model Approach and Negotiation Strategy of Community Leaders in Resolving Land Dispute Conflicts in Marafenfen Village, Aru Islands, Maluku Province Community leaders are parties who have advantages over the general public and play an important role in making decisions. Land dispute conflicts that occurred in the village of Marafenfen are social conflicts that often occur considering the people who do not really understand the rights to the land they want to own. This article is an article that uses a qualitative descriptive method, namely research that seeks to describe or describe the object under study based on the facts in the field. then the data analysis technique used in this study is qualitative data analysis, The results of the research obtained by the author can be concluded that in resolving land disputes, community leaders use Competitive Approach Model but some community leaders do not understand the Negotiation processes so they still have not found an agreement.

Kepastian Hukum Hak Atas Tanah: Pelajaran dari Kekalahan Perkara Pertanahan di Pengadilan

ABSTRAKUpaya mengurangi adanya kekalahan perkara pertanahan dalam pengadilan dilakukan dalam rangka peningkatan kepastian hukum hak atas tanah. Tujuan dalam tulisan ini adalah menjawab rumusan masalah dengan pendekatan kualitatif mengenai 1) apa penyebab terjadinya kekalahan perkara pertanahan dalam persidangan, dan 2) bagaimana upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mencegah terjadinya kekalahan perkara pertanahan. Penyebab perkara pertanahan yang mengalami kekalahan di pengadilan dapat dibedakan menjadi 8 (delapan) pokok penyebab perkara, yakni 1) tumpang tindih kepemilikan sertipikat, 2) adanya putusan pengadilan perdata, 3) terdapat cacat prosedur, 4) ketidaksesuaian data yuridis, 5) putusan fiktif negatif dan positif, 6) sengketa waris, 7) keterkaitan dengan tata ruang, dan 8) adanya putusan pengadilan pidana. Upaya untuk mencegah terjadinya kekalahan perkara pertanahan dalam rangka peningkatan kepastian dan hukum hak atas tanah adalah 1) peningkatan peraturan tentang rechtsverwerking pendaftaran tanah menjadi undang-undang, 2) optimalisasi partisipasi masyarakat untuk validasi data pertanahan melalui berbagai sarana atau platform, 3) penambahan ketentuan tentang iktikad baik dalam menguasai tanah dengan sanksi yang lebih terukur untuk tanah hak yang ditelantarkan, 4) peningkatan quality control hasil pengukuran dan pemetaan yang dilakukan oleh pihak swasta, 5) pembaharuan SOP (standar operasional prosedur) pendaftaran tanah, 6) penguatan portofolio panitia pemeriksa tanah sebagai bagian dari proses pendaftaran tanah, 7) penerapan prinsip fiktif positif untuk mengatasi “status quo” perkara pendaftaran tanah, 8) peningkatan sinergi pengelolaan ruang di atas penguasaan tanah, dan 9) penerbitan alas hak atas tanah dengan adanya sidik jari atau dengan identitas unik lainnya. Kata kunci : perkara pertanahan, sertipikat hak atas tanah, kepastian hukum ABSTRACTThe efforts to reduce land cases defeat in court are carried out in the context of increasing legal certainty of land rights. The purpose of this paper is to answer the problem formulation with a qualitative approach regarding 1) what are the causes of the defeat of land dispute in the court, and 2) what efforts can be made to prevent the defeat of land disputes. The causes of land cases defeat in the court can be divided into 8 (eight) main causes, namely 1) overlapping certificate ownership, 2) civil decisions, 3) procedural defects, 4) juridical data incompatibility, 5) negative and positive fictitious decisions, 6) inheritance disputes, 7) spatial planning context, and 8) criminal decisions. The efforts to prevent the defeats of land cases in the context of increasing certainty and legal land rights are 1) increasing regulations regarding rechtsverwerking of land registration into law; 2) optimizing community participation for land data validation through various means or platforms; 3) adding conditions about good intention ofcontrolling land along with more measurable sanctions for abandoned land; 4) improving the quality control of the measurement and mapping results carried out by the private sector; 5) renewing of SOP (Standard Operational Procedure) for land registration; 6) strengthening the portfolio of the Land Examiner Committee as a part of the land registration process; 7) applying the positive fictitious principles to overcome the “status quo” of land registration cases; 8) increasing the synergy of spatial management over land tenure; and 9) issuing the land rights with fingerprints or other unique identities.Keywords : land dispute, certificates of land rights, legal certainty

KAMPUNG LEUSER: TANTANGAN DAN PROSPEK SEBUAH PERMUKIMAN INFORMAL DI KEBAYORAN BARU

Kebayoran Baru was a well-planned new town. However, over time, Kebayoran Baru has been transforming, whether it is planned or not. One form of transformation in Kebayoran Baru has been the presence of informal settlements, such as those on Jalan Leuser. The kampong, which is claimed by its residents has been inhabited since 1955, has faced various challenges along the way, one of which is the threat of land expropriation and eviction. The threat of eviction stems from a land dispute involving the residents of Kampung Leuser as the party occupying the land and PAM Jaya as the party who claims to have rights to the land. Equiped with an HGB certificate under its name, PAM Jaya in 2016 requested residents to leave the land immediately. Residents who claimed to have lived on the land for more than 60 years firmly rejected PAM Jaya's claim and fought back. This study uses a qualitative research approach and a semi-autonomous social field perspective, aiming to understand the challenges of effective citizen control over the land and the prospects for future settlements. The challenges are formulated based on the background of the people's control over the land, the process, and its development until now. Meanwhile, prospects are presented through possible scenarios, either pessimistic, moderate, or optimistic scenarios. The results show that until now (2019), four years after the eviction plan began, Kampung Leuser still survives. In fact, the residents have also sued BPN as the party that issued the HGB certificate for PAM Jaya. This proves that the survival of Kampung Leuser is not impossible. Of the three scenarios that can be pursued in the future, the moderate scenario can provide a sense of justice for various parties. Furthermore, this dispute is expected to provide a lesson for the field of regional and urban planning, both practically and theoretically, regarding solutions in the management of informal settlements, both in the new city of Kebayoran Baru, as well as in other new cities in Indonesia.Keywords: informal settlements; semi-autonomous social field; Kampung Leuser – Kebayoran Baru AbstrakKebayoran Baru merupakan kota baru yang direncanakan dengan baik. Namun, seiring berjalannya waktu, Kebayoran Baru mengalami transformasi, baik direncanakan maupun tidak. Salah satu bentuk transformasi di Kebayoran Baru adalah hadirnya permukiman informal, seperti yang antara lain berada di Jalan Leuser. Kampung yang diklaim oleh warga telah dihuni sejak 1955 ini, dalam perjalanannya mengalami berbagai tantangan, salah satunya adalah ancaman pengambil-alihan lahan dan penggusuran. Ancaman penggusuran ini bermula dari sengketa tanah yang melibatkan pihak warga Kampung Leuser selaku pihak yang menempati lahan dan PAM Jaya selaku pihak yang mengklaim memiliki hak atas lahan tersebut. Berbekal sertifikat HGB atas namanya, pihak PAM Jaya pada 2016 meminta warga untuk segera meninggalkan lahan tersebut. Warga yang mengaku sudah tinggal di lahan tersebut sejak lebih dari 60 tahun dengan tegas menolak klaim pihak PAM Jaya dan melakukan perlawanan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif dan perspeltif semi autonomous social field, bertujuan untuk memahami tantangan penguasaan efektif warga atas tanah tersebut, dan prospek permukimannya ke depan. Tantangan dirumuskan melalui latar belakang penguasaan warga atas lahan tersebut, proses, dan perkembangannya hingga saat ini. Sementara, prospek disajikan melalui skenario jalan keluar yang dapat ditempuh, baik skenario pesimis, moderat, maupun optimis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hingga saat ini (2019), empat tahun setelah rencana penggusuran bermula, Kampung Leuser masih bertahan. Bahkan, pihak warga juga sudah menggugat BPN selaku pihak yang mengeluarkan sertifikat HGB untuk PAM Jaya. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa bertahannya eksistensi Kampung Leuser bukanlah hal yang tidak mungkin. Dari tiga skenario yang dapat ditempuh ke depan, maka skenario moderat dapat memberikan rasa keadilan bagi berbagai pihak. Lebih jauh diharapkan sengketa ini dapat menjadi pembelajaran bagi bidang ilmu perencanaan wilayah dan kota baik secara praktis maupun teoritis mengenai solusi dalam pengelolaan permukiman informal, baik di kota baru Kebayoran Baru, maupun di kota-kota baru lainnya di Indonesia.

KEKUATAN PEMBUKTIAN PEMERIKSAAN SETEMPAT (GERECHTELIJKE PLAATSOPNEMING) DALAM PEMERIKSAAN SENGKETA PERDATA

The local examination (gerechtelijke plaatsopneming) is a medium which is provided by the laws and regulations for the judge or the judge panel to clarity a fact or object that is being disputed, in which the local examination or the trial which is conducted by the judge or the judge panel at the object’s spot where is being disputed. The local examination it self is regulated in the Article 153 HIR/Article 180 RBg and also in the circular letter of Indonesia Supreme Court (Surat Edaran Mahkamah Agung/SEMA RI) Number 7 of 2001 on The Local Examination. The local examination has a function to match the plaintiff’s postulates of private lawsuit about the dispute’s object of the private lawsuit which is area just for the land dispute, such as the surface measure, position by mentioning its details as roads, village, sub districts, and then it borders with whose properties. The matters are pointed to ease the judge or the judge panel in deciding the judge decision whether the private lawsuit could be granted or rejected, or whether the private lawsuit itself is obscuur lebel (unclear) so that it is unacceptable.

The Role of Informal Land Dispute Settlement Mechanisms on Family Land Ownership in Tanzania: A Case Study of Mbeya District, Mbeya Region

Informal land disputes settlement mechanisms epitomize a classic example of valuable and useful indigenous knowledge, which Africans have acquired for ages but is not being recognized and sometimes not fully utilized in contemporary African societies. The study aimed to assess the role of informal land dispute settlement mechanisms on family land ownership in Tanzania: A case of Mbeya district. The specific objectives of the study were to identify nature and causes of informal land dispute settlement mechanisms on family land ownership in Mbeya district and to examine the effectiveness of informal land dispute settlement mechanisms on family land ownership in Mbeya district. The study adopted case study research design, target population of the study was 446 respondents, and sample size of the study was 128 respondents. This study employed both qualitative and quantitative research approach data collection tools used was questionnaires, interview and focus group discussion. The study findings indicated that causes of disputes on family land ownership and effectiveness of informal dispute settlement mechanism significantly lead to family land ownership conflicts in Mbeya district as well as in Tanzania. The study concluded that informal land dispute settlement mechanisms help people within the community to attain land ownership through chiefs and community elders because this mechanism can strengthen solidarity, ethnics discipline in the community and recommended that the government should formulate policy and law governing informal land dispute settlement mechanisms on family land ownership to be accommodated in the local system to facilitate quickly land matters rather than depending on western system.

Israeli-Palestinian land dispute deal plans will fail

Headline ISRAEL/PALESTINIANS: Land dispute deal plans will fail

Health Waqf Land Disputes and Alternative Settlements

The system of Waqf management is still not as expected because many land dispute problems that arise in the midst of society are caused by factors that hinder the delivery of Waqf intentions from a representative. The issue of Waqf disputes is often brought to the path of litigation (court) so that alternative channels are needed in finding a resolution. The research method used is the method of juridical law research normative with the approach of legislation. The purpose of this research is to prioritize non-litigation pathways first to resolve Waqf disputes. The results showed that the factors that cause the non-implementation of Waqf lies in administrative problems when trying to make a deed of Waqf land pledge caused by disapproval by the heirs of the representative to the management of Waqf by nadzir who lack integrity and responsiveness. Recommendations on the issue, Waqf disputes should first put forward a non-Litigation line, because the Litigation line as a last resort to find a place to resolve land disputes.