Maxillary Sinusitis as a Complication of Zygomatic Implants Placement: A Narrative Review

Aims: The aim of this review is to consider maxillary sinusitis as a complication of zygomatic implants placements. Maxillary sinusitis a common complication but in the literature there are no reviews that focus only on this condition and its possible treatment. This review was carried out with to highlight the main findings of the literature on this topic and to improve knowledge in this field. Methods: The search strategy resulted in 155 papers. After selection of the inclusion criteria only 11 papers were examined. From the papers these, 12.3% patients presented maxillary sinusitis but only four studies evaluated sinusitis (both clinical and radiological evaluation). The most common treatment used by the authors were antibiotics alone or combined with functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). Results: The literature shows an absence of precise and shared guidelines diagnosis and post-operative follow-up, and of the treatment of maxillary sinusitis following zygomatic implantology. It has not been determined if the surgical placement of ZIs is better than the other techniques for treatment of the onset of maxillary sinusitis in the post-operative period. Conclusion: To date there are no shared protocols for maxillary sinusitis treatment. In our experience, and according to the literature in the presence of risk factors such as age, comorbidities, smoking, nasal septal deviation or other anatomical variants, we suggested that FESS is performed at the same time as placement of zygomatic implants.

Optimizing Field Body Fat Percentage Assessment in Professional Soccer Players

Body composition is a determinant of performance in soccer. To estimate the body fat percentage (%BF), dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is effective though this method is expensive and not readily accessible. This study examines the validity of widely used field methods based on anthropometric data and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Participants were 21 male Spanish First Division soccer players aged between 22 and 35 years. In each participant, body fat mass was determined by BIA and using 18 anthropometric equations including skinfold (SKF) measurements. DXA was used as reference. Correlation with DXA measurements was excellent for all equations and separate SKF measurements yet only moderate for BIA. However, only the equation recently developed for use in soccer players based on iliac crest and triceps SKFs showed no significant or standardized differences with DXA-derived %BF and these measurements also had the lowest bias. Our findings suggest that when DXA is not available, the best field method for %BF assessment in footballers is the equation based on iliac crest and triceps SKF. As another good option, we propose the sum of triceps, subscapular, supraspinal, and abdominal SKFs, as this combination also showed good correlation with DXA.

Simulating Pitting Corrosion in AM 316L Microstructures Through Phase Field Methods and Computational Modeling

This work investigates how the crystallographic features of additive manufactured (AM) microstructures impact the pitting corrosion process through computational simulations of phase field models. Crystallographic influence is explored by introducing orientation dependencies into the corrosion potentials and elastic constants of the model through microstructural data provided from AM 316L samples. Comparisons of evolved pit morphologies and stress responses are made to a standard homogeneous, semi-circular model to better highlight how the complexity of AM microstructures affects pit evolution and stress concentrations. The results illustrate that AM-informed modeling cases produce larger, deeper pits with numerous locations of elevated stress concentrations along the pit front.

High-technology methods of processing fish raw materials farmed in Astrakhan region

The modern level of development of fish processing technology is analyzed. A number of high-tech processes related to deep processing of aquaculture objects (paddlefish, clary catfish and tilapia), grown in the Astrakhan region, in closed water supply installations, have been proposed for implementation. The chemical composition of fish muscle tissue has been studied. A method has been developed to reduce the microbial contamination of raw materials using a low-frequency electromagnetic field. Methods of electrophysical and gas-liquid processing of raw materials have been adapted to real production conditions. Methods for processing secondary fish resources into edible fish meal and fish oil have been tested using gas-liquid technologies. Methods for processing water and muscle tissue of fish raw materials by electromagnetic and gas-liquid methods are proposed. The chemical composition of fish pates enriched with CO2-extracts was investigated.

Collector`s Works of Nina Kerimova

Documentation of ethnomusic (which is at the same time the first stage of its research) forms the base of sources of musical folklore (ethnomusicology), which creates the very possibility of all subsequent explorations. Ethnic music, as a whole, is formed by the totality of its regional manifestations, each of which must be recorded in sufficient completeness. However, some territories for various reasons even at the end of the twentieth century, were represented on the Ukrainian ethnomusical map very sparsely. It’s a paradox, but Kirovohrad region, located in the center of Ukraine, remained one of the least explored regions. Being a region of relatively late settlement, it was practically ignored by researchers (including ignored by the relevant scientific institutions) as an uninteresting periphery. One of those who in the late 1980s gave the start of the modern stage of documenting the musical folklore of the Kirovohrad region, its systematic professional recording, was a graduate of the Kiev Conservatory Nina Kerimova. For ten years of active field work, the collector has recorded nearly 7000 units of musical and ethnographic information from 80 settlements. These materials today make up nearly one third of the twenty-thousand regional audio archive, collected over the past 35 years by the joint efforts of folklorists, professionally engaged in field survey of the presteppe Right Bank and its adjacent steppe and eastern Podolian territories within the Kirovohrad region and the border areas of Cherkasy, Vinnytsia and Dnepropetrovsk regions. The purpose of this article is to summarize and make public the information about the nature and results of N. Kerimova’s collector`s activity. A systematized, meaningful, structured, concentrated and formalized approach makes it possible to include materials from her archive into the all-Ukrainian ethnomusical and ethnomusicological information field. Methods used in the article correspond to its set goal: factographic and factological, statistical, analytical and synthetic (the latter reveals patterns in the correlation of elements of an integral system). The article provides: a brief overview of the history of collecting musical folklore in the region; basic biographical information about the researcher; statistical data on the number and geography of her expeditionary records, specified to the culture-genre content of the materials recorded in each locus; data on respondents (their number, age, origin). The methods and preferences of the field work are described. The professional level of the work is attested, the high degree of scientific value of the collected materials is argued. The audio and musical publications, which include materials from the archive of N. Kerimova are listed. The materials collected by N. Kerimova are characterized (a) as a separate hermetic collection-archive, (b) as an important component of the cumulative array of records made in the region and (c) in the context of a holistic view of the region's traditional ethnomusical culture that has been effectively formed nowadays. Along the way, the author of the article deals with the issues of cultural-genre classification / attribution of folk musical works, archiving field materials (in particular, methods of passportization and codification of records), as well as the problems of documenting and statistical processing of materials recorded from migrants (local, intraregional, interregional), that were incorporated by the new folklore environment to a greater or lesser extent

Towards environmental detection of Chagas disease vectors and pathogen

Background: Accurate surveillance of triatomine household infestation is crucial for Chagas disease vector control. However, no gold standard detection method with high levels of sensitivity or specificity is currently available. Several intrinsic features of triatomine bug behaviour and the lifecycle of Trypanosoma (T.) cruzi lead to deposition of environmental DNA (eDNA) in infested houses. This study evaluated the use of FTA cards and cotton-tipped swabs as low-technology, cost-effective tools for simultaneous detection of T. cruzi and vector eDNA in the laboratory and field. Methods/Principal Findings: This study had two components: (1) laboratory evaluation and optimisation of QIAcard® FTA® classic cards to detect Rhodnius (R.) prolixus eDNA by altering five different environmental variables (darkness, triatomine number, temperature, feeding status and degradation at ambient temperature); (2) detection of R. prolixus and T. cruzi eDNA from cotton-tipped house wall swabs from an endemic region in Casanare Department, Colombia. eDNA was extracted from all specimens and amplified using a multiplex TaqMan qPCR assay targeting the R. prolixus 12S rRNA gene and T. cruzi satellite DNA region. R. prolixus eDNA from five 3rd/4th instar nymphs was successfully amplified from FTA cards after as little as 15 minutes of contact time under standard insectary conditions. Factors significantly increasing eDNA detection from FTA cards were increasing temperature from 21oC to 27-32oC, triatomine bug density from 1-25 bugs and recent blood-feeding. eDNA was detectable from FTA cards stored at room temperature for at least two weeks. In cotton-tipped swabs from the field, the sensitivity and specificity of R. prolixus eDNA detection was 60.6% (n=20/33) and 100% (n=33/33), respectively. T. cruzi eDNA was amplified from 93.9% (n=31/33) of infested houses. Conclusions/Significance: FTA cards are a highly sensitive tool for entomological surveillance of R. prolixus and exhibit little variability under different environmental conditions. Additionally, cotton-tipped swabs are a relatively sensitive tool for entomological and parasitological surveillance of R. prolixus and T. cruzi in situ, but more feasible due to low cost. Both methods could be utilised by citizen science initiatives to contribute to the control of Chagas disease in endemic communities.

Operation Characteristics of Adjustable Field IPMSM Utilizing Magnetic Saturation

This paper describes an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) based on a new adjustable field method. The proposed PM motor achieved magnetic field control utilizing magnetic saturation. In this paper, a back electromotive force (e.m.f.) measurement test and a load test using the prototype motor were conducted to clarify if the proposed motor had a wide operation range. In the back e.m.f. measurement test, it was confirmed that the proposed motor had a wide magnetic field controllable range of 51.7%. In addition, it was revealed, through the load test, that the proposed motor had a wide operating range, including both low-speed high-torque and high-speed low-torque driving conditions. Moreover, based on electromagnetic field analysis, the magnetic field control performance of the proposed adjustable field method was compared with the conventional field weakening control and other adjustable field methods. As a comparison result, it was verified that the proposed motor had less copper loss for the magnetic field control and fewer losses in the high-speed operating range.

A mean-field toolbox for spiking neuronal network model analysis

Mean-field theory of spiking neuronal networks has led to numerous advances in our analytical and intuitive understanding of the dynamics of neuronal network models during the past decades. But, the elaborate nature of many of the developed methods, as well as the difficulty of implementing them, may limit the wider neuroscientific community from taking maximal advantage of these tools. In order to make them more accessible, we implemented an extensible, easy-to-use open-source Python toolbox that collects a variety of mean-field methods for the widely used leaky integrate-and-fire neuron model. The Neuronal Network Mean-field Toolbox (NNMT) in its current state allows for estimating properties of large neuronal networks, such as firing rates, power spectra, and dynamical stability in mean-field and linear response approximation, without running simulations on high performance systems. In this article we describe how the toolbox is implemented, show how it is used to calculate neuronal network properties, and discuss different use-cases, such as extraction of network mechanisms, parameter space exploration, or hybrid modeling approaches. Although the initial version of the toolbox focuses on methods that are close to our own past and present research, its structure is designed to be open and extensible. It aims to provide a platform for collecting analytical methods for neuronal network model analysis and we discuss how interested scientists can share their own methods via this platform.

Acoustic features of phonemes as therapy reference for dysarthria disorder: the case of /r/ alveolar trill

The increasing global competitiveness demands the development and improvement of self-quality, particularly the quality of self-performance. Dysarthria is one of the speech disorders that often provides significant obstacles to the sufferer's performance. For this reason, this study was intended as an initial study to investigate differences in the acoustic features of both contoid and vocoid phonemes produced by dysarthria and non-dysarthria as well as provide therapy suggestions to minimize the disorder. The scope of the study was limited to the case of /r/ alveolar trill dysarthria. This study was designed using a descriptive qualitative approach with field methods. In collecting data, the observation (simak) method was used to collect data in the form of contoid and vocoid phonemes produced by 4 dysarthria samples and 4 non-dysarthria samples. The collected data then went through the analysis with the extralingual and intralingual equivalent methods. The results showed that the inability to produce phoneme /r/ alveolar trill could be detected by observing the differences in the acoustic features of the alveolar and vocoid phonemes produced by both dysarthria and non-dysarthria samples.