Process Product Design Based on Multimode Interaction Design

There are many problems in the current process product design, such as poor interaction and low overall efficiency, so a process product design method based on multimode interaction design is proposed. Based on the relationship model, environment model, and object-oriented model of process product design, the process of process product development and design is analyzed. On this basis, the finite state machine is used to analyze the state of the designer to complete the task sequence, as well as the related design task planning, constructing craft products multimodal interaction mechanism, with the improved fuzzy analytic hierarchy process to evaluate the quality of the products, according to the evaluation results of technology of product design optimization. The experimental results show that both experts and ordinary users give a high evaluation of the product designed in this paper, and the design cycle of the product is significantly shortened, indicating that this method can fully save the design time and improve the overall efficiency.

Tarefas Investigativas nos Anos Iniciais: Estratégias e Conjecturas Desenvolvidas Pelas Crianças

ResumoA Investigação Matemática é uma tendência de ensino cada vez mais explorada nas aulas de matemática dos anos iniciais. Sendo assim, este artigo tem como objetivo relatar as estratégias e conjecturas desenvolvidas por alunos de 1º, 2º, 3º e 5º anos do Ensino Fundamental quando foram desafiados a resolver tarefas de cunho exploratório-investigativo. Estas foram desenvolvidas em parceria com as professoras dos anos iniciais e, posteriormente, exploradas com alunos no segundo semestre de 2018. A prática foi realizada em duas escolas, sendo as tarefas exploradas pelas pesquisadoras, auxiliadas pelas docentes dos anos iniciais. Tal exploração seguiu os quatro momentos propostos por Ponte, Brocardo e Oliveira (2009). O material de análise foi coletado por meio de tarefas escritas dos discentes e imagens oriundas de fotografias. Os resultados apontam que as conjecturas e estratégias apresentadas pelas turmas de 1º, 2º, 3º e 5º anos, nas duas tarefas, foram distintas e mais elaboradas conforme a escolaridade dos alunos. Na primeira (copos e canudos), os estudantes propuseram padrões de repetição (1º ano); adição de canudos (2º ano); ideia dos números pares e ímpares (3º ano) e a tabuada do três (5º ano). Na segunda, a sequência de flechas e as conjecturas perpassaram por repetições de blocos (1º ano); uso de distintas direções (2º ano) e adições do número de setas dentro dos quadrados. Em contrapartida, observou-se alguma dificuldade na realização das tarefas em grupo (1º ano) e uma certa dispersão. Palavras-chave: Investigação Matemática. Anos Iniciais. Tarefa Investigativa. AbstractMathematical Investigation is becoming a widespread teaching trend in primary school math classes. Therefore, this article aims to report the strategies and conjectures employed by 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 5th grade elementary students to solve exploratory-investigative tasks. These tasks were created in collaboration with Primary School teachers and later explored with students during the second semester of 2018. The pedagogical practice took place in two schools. The researchers explored the tasks with the assistance of the Primary School teachers. This investigation is based on the concepts suggested by Ponte, Brocardo, and Oliveira (2009). The students' written assignments and photographs were used to collect the material. The results of both tasks indicate that the conjectures and methods used by 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 5th grade elementary students were distinct and more elaborated as the students' grade increased. In the first challenge (cups and straws), students proposed repetition patterns (1st year); addition of straws (2nd year); the concept of even and odd numbers (3rd year) and the multiplication table of three (5th year). In the second task (sequence of arrows), the methods and conjectures used by the students were based on repetitions of blocks (1st year); the use of different directions (2nd year) and the inclusion of the number of arrows inside the squares. Finally, due to dispersion, there was some difficulty executing group activities in the first year. Keywords: Mathematical Investigation. Primary School. Investigative tasks.

Write, Attend and Spell

Text entry on a smartwatch is challenging due to its small form factor. Handwriting recognition using the built-in sensors of the watch (motion sensors, microphones, etc.) provides an efficient and natural solution to deal with this issue. However, prior works mainly focus on individual letter recognition rather than word recognition. Therefore, they need users to pause between adjacent letters for segmentation, which is counter-intuitive and significantly decreases the input speed. In this paper, we present 'Write, Attend and Spell' (WriteAS), a word-level text-entry system which enables free-style handwriting recognition using the motion signals of the smartwatch. First, we design a multimodal convolutional neural network (CNN) to abstract motion features across modalities. After that, a stacked dilated convolutional network with an encoder-decoder network is applied to get around letter segmentation and output words in an end-to-end way. More importantly, we leverage a multi-task sequence learning method to enable handwriting recognition in a streaming way. We construct the first sequence-to-sequence handwriting dataset using smartwatch. WriteAS can yield 9.3% character error rate (CER) on 250 words for new users and 3.8% CER for words unseen in the training set. In addition, WriteAS can handle various writing conditions very well. Given the promising performance, we envision that WriteAS can be a fast and accurate input tool for smartwatch.

The Integration of Earthwork Design Review and Planning Using UAV-Based Point Cloud and BIM

Earthwork is seemingly guesswork, but it requires a high level of accuracy and precise planning. Differences between earthwork design and finishing levels cause project delays and cost overrun due to the time-consuming nature of earthwork re-work. Therefore, error-free earthwork planning and design review is a key to the success of earthwork projects. This study utilized an integrated approach of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based point cloud and BIM (Building Information Modeling) to verify the design and to operate the earthwork planning. The integrated approach was proposed and applied to a 420 square meters housing construction project to review an original earthwork design and create an earthwork plan for excavator work. As a result, errors in earthwork design that caused by inaccurate initial DEM was revealed, thus the earthwork design was revised with a UAV-based point cloud map. Additionally, the integrated approach was able to generate an explicit task sequence for an excavator.

Music Modulates Cognitive Flexibility? An Investigation of the Benefits of Musical Training on Markers of Cognitive Flexibility

Cognitive flexibility enables the rapid change in goals humans want to attain in everyday life as well as in professional contexts, e.g., as musicians. In the laboratory, cognitive flexibility is usually assessed using the task-switching paradigm. In this paradigm participants are given at least two classification tasks and are asked to switch between them based on valid cues or memorized task sequences. The mechanisms enabling cognitive flexibility are investigated through two empirical markers, namely switch costs and n-2 repetition costs. In this study, we assessed both effects in a pre-instructed task-sequence paradigm. Our aim was to assess the transfer of musical training to non-musical stimuli and tasks. To this end, we collected the data of 49 participants that differed in musical training assessed using the Goldsmiths Musical Sophistication Index. We found switch costs that were not significantly influenced by the degree of musical training. N-2 repetition costs were small for all levels of musical training and not significant. Musical training did not influence performance to a remarkable degree and did not affect markers of mechanisms underlying cognitive flexibility, adding to the discrepancies of findings on the impact of musical training in non-music-specific tasks.

Optimal Workload Allocation for Edge Computing Network Using Application Prediction

By deploying edge servers on the network edge, mobile edge computing network strengthens the real-time processing ability near the end devices and releases the huge load pressure of the core network. Considering the limited computing or storage resources on the edge server side, the workload allocation among edge servers for each Internet of Things (IoT) application affects the response time of the application’s requests. Hence, when the access devices of the edge server are deployed intensively, the workload allocation becomes a key factor affecting the quality of user experience (QoE). To solve this problem, this paper proposes an edge workload allocation scheme, which uses application prediction (AP) algorithm to minimize response delay. This problem has been proved to be a NP hard problem. First, in the application prediction model, long short-term memory (LSTM) method is proposed to predict the tasks of future access devices. Second, based on the prediction results, the edge workload allocation is divided into two subproblems to solve, which are the task assignment subproblem and the resource allocation subproblem. Using historical execution data, we can solve the problem in linear time. The simulation results show that the proposed AP algorithm can effectively reduce the response delay of the device and the average completion time of the task sequence and approach the theoretical optimal allocation results.

Developing business students’ intercultural competence through intercultural virtual collaboration: a task sequence implementation

Purpose Allowing for interaction with foreign cultures without the need to travel, intercultural virtual collaboration represents a potential tool to develop business students’ intercultural competence. This study aims to explore students’ perceptions towards the implementation of a research-based task sequence in a project in which undergraduate Business students from Spain collaborated virtually with undergraduate business students from The Netherlands during a semester. More specifically, this paper investigates what intercultural competence indicators were mostly developed by the sequence implemented; how much each task from the sequence in question developed different intercultural competence indicators; and how much students enjoyed participating in each task. Design/methodology/approach Data was collected through after-task reflection questionnaires. A quantitative analysis of Likert-type questions was carried out and open-ended responses were used to illustrate findings. Findings Results reveal that the task sequence developed different dimensions of students’ intercultural competence and, particularly, fostered a positive attitude towards intercultural relationships, increased students’ cultural knowledge and awareness and equipped students with skills to work in diverse teams. It also showed that as complexity grew along the sequence, the average students’ perception of their intercultural competence development tended to decrease. The majority of students’ very much liked participating in the different tasks. Originality/value Designing telecollaborative projects can be very challenging and understanding the learning potential of different pedagogical strategies for virtual collaborative environments can help teachers to take better-informed decisions.