Hubungan Antagonis Leukotrien dengan Tingkat Kontrol Asma di Klinik Harum Melati

The level of asthma control is the extent to which the characteristics of asthma can be observed in patients with asthma and have been reduced or disappear with treatment. The Global Initiative for Asthma guidelines recommends leukotriene antagonists as the second-line add-on treatment. Leukotriene antagonists play a role in controlling the recurrence of asthma symptoms, so a well-controlled asthma patient will be achieved. This study conducted to find out the correlations between the use of leukotriene antagonists with the level of asthma control in patients with bronchial asthma at Harum Melati Clinic of Pringsewu in August 2018-August 2019. Methodology: This research using an analytic method with a retrospective approach. The population of this research was all of the medical records of patients with bronchial asthma at Harum Melati Clinic of Pringsewu on the period of August 2018-August 2019, amounting to 449, sampling using the total sampling technique with the total sample of 232 medical records that meet the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. Data were analyzed by the spearman test. 133 (57.3%) subjects had well-controlled asthma, 99 (42.7%) subjects having partly- controlled asthma, and there are no asthma patients have uncontrolled asthma (0%). And also got 125 (53.9%) subjects using leukotriene antagonists and 107 (46.1%) subjects did not use leukotriene antagonists. There is a correlation between the use of leukotriene antagonists with the level of asthma control in patients with bronchial asthma at Harum Melati Clinic of Pringsewu in August 2018-August 2019.

The Role of Leukotrienes Inhibitors in the Management of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases

Background: Leukotrienes are powerful mediators of inflammation and interact with specific receptors in target cell membrane to initiate an inflammatory response. Thus, Leukotrienes (LTs) are considered to be potent mediators of inflammatory diseases including allergic rhinitis, inflammatory bowel disease and asthma. Leukotriene B4 and the series of cysteinyl leukotrienes (C4, D4, and E4) are metabolites of arachidonic acid metabolism that cause inflammation. The cysteinyl LTs are known to increase vascular permeability, bronco-constriction and mucus secretion. Objectives: To review the published data for leukotriene inhibitors of plant origin and the recent patents for leukotriene inhibitors, as well as their role in the management of inflammatory diseases. Methods: Published data for leukotrienes antagonists of plant origin were searched from 1938 to 2019, without language restrictions using relevant keywords in both free text and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH terms) format. Literature and patent searches in the field of leukotriene inhibitors were carried out by using numerous scientific databases including Science Direct, PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Patents, US Patents, US Patent Applications, Abstract of Japan, German Patents, European Patents, WIPO and NAPRALERT. Finally, data from these information resources were analyzed and reported in the present study. Results: Currently, numerous anti-histaminic medicines are available including chloropheneremine, brompheniramine, cetirizine, and clementine. Furthermore, specific leukotriene antagonists from allopathic medicines are also available including zileuton, montelukast, pranlukast and zafirlukast and are considered effective and safe medicines as compared to the first generation medicines. The present study reports leukotrienes antagonistic agents of natural products and certain recent patents that could be an alternative medicine in the management of inflammation in respiratory diseases. Conclusion: The present study highlights recent updates on the pharmacology and patents on leukotriene antagonists in the management of inflammation respiratory diseases.

Assessment of Allergic Rhinitis among Children after Low-Level Laser Therapy

BACKGROUND: Allergic rhinitis (AR) represents one of the most common global health problems with seriously increasing incidence over the last decades. The goal of the treatment of rhinitis is to prevent or reduce the symptoms caused by the inflammation of affected tissues. Intranasal steroids and oral antihistamines are recommended as first lines of treatment. Acupuncture had reported a significant improvement in daily symptoms and an increase of symptom-free days in many studies enrolling adults’ patients.AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the laser acupuncture effect on the treatment of children AR in comparison to the effect of the medication and to assess the anti-inflammatory effect of laser acupuncture through measurement of serum inflammatory marker (hs-CRP). METHODS: Sixty patients with allergic rhinitis their age group ranged from 4 to 18 years were divided randomly into two groups. Group 1 enrolled 30 patient that received AR in the form of intranasal steroids, antihistaminic, leukotriene antagonists while group2 thirty patients received 12 laser acupuncture sessions (2 sessions a \ week) on specific traditional Chinese acupuncture points.RESULTS: There was a significant improvement in the severity score symptoms in both groups through and by the end of the study. High Significant improvement in the levels of the inflammatory marker in both groups, especially in the group which receive laser acupuncture sessions.CONCLUSION: Laser acupuncture is a reliable, painless and non-invasive successful technique, which may be used as a complementary treatment for pediatric allergic rhinitis.

Prescription pattern among patients having mild to moderate bronchial asthma using metered dose inhaler and dry powder inhaler in tertiary hospital in western india

Background: Bronchial asthma is a syndrome characterized by airflow obstruction that manifests as shortness of breath, wheezing and cough. The treatment is tailored according to the severity of the disease. The drugs used for treatment of bronchial asthma include inhaled corticosteroids, beta-2 agonists, methylxanthines, leukotriene antagonists and mast cell stabilizers. Despite the availability of all these drugs, which are recommended for the treatment, not every patient achieves complete control of the disease. The reason behind this could be irrational prescribing of drugs for the treatment and errors in the technique of using inhaler devices. Though rational prescribing of drugs and correct technique for the use of inhaler can be improved by proper training of target population, but there is paucity of such data in our country.Methods: This study was planned to monitor prescription pattern and errors in use of inhalation devices, in patients diagnosed as cases of mild to moderate bronchial asthma, attending Out Patient Department (OPD) of respiratory medicine of a tertiary hospital. A total of 207 patients were recruited and their prescription pattern and inhalation technique were assessed.Results: The study showed that inhaled short acting β2-agonists and inhaled corticosteroids were the most commonly used drug groups, which were prescribed to all the patients in the study, followed by long acting β2-agonists, leukotriene antagonists and methylxanthines in decreasing order.Conclusions: As a conclusion, the treating physicians were prescribing according to the laid down guidelines. It is concluded that such studies should be periodically done to ensure the adherence to the treatment guidelines.