Did the Baroque Composer Domenico Scarlatti Have Watch Glass Nails and Drumstick Fingers?

(1) Background: Little is known about the baroque composer Domenico Scarlatti (1685-1757), whose life was centred behind closed doors at the royal court in Spain. There are no reports about his illnesses. From his compositions, mainly for harpsichord, an outstanding virtuosity can be read. (2) Case Presentation: In this case report, the only known oil painting of Domenico Scarlatti is presented, on which he is about 50 years old. In it one recognizes conspicuous hands with hints of watch glass nails and drumstick fingers. (3) Discussion: Whether Scarlatti had chronic hypoxia of peripheral body regions as a sign of, e.g., bronchial cancer or a severe heart disease, is not known. (4) Conclusions: The above-mentioned signs recorded in the oil painting, even if they were not interpretable at that time, are clearly represented and recorded for us and are open to diagnostic discussion from today's point of view.

Aggressive course of bronchial cancer

The article describes a clinical case of bronchial cancer without radiologic changes. This is often associated with late diagnosis of the disease and a high mortality rate of this pathology.

STUDY OF POLONIUM-210 IN PERSIAN CIGARETTE AND TOBACCO CROPS

Alpha radiation from Polonium-210 (210Po) is considered to be an important agent of bronchial cancer in smokers. Besides reexamination of the radionuclide in domestic and imported cigarette brands separately, the radioactive contamination was also followed during the cigarette-producing procedure in Gilan as one of the major regions of tobacco cultivation in Iran. The activity level of 210Po in Iranian domestic and imported cigarettes averaged 38.4 ± 6% and 20.0 ± 7% mBq g−1, respectively. Drying in direct contact with fumes of fossil fuel seems like one of the main excessive sources of 210Po in Persian cigarettes.

DIAGNOSTIC PROBLEMS ACCOMPANYING BRANHYOGENIC CANCER – A CLINICAL CASE

Tumours and tumorous lesions of head and neck account for 10% of all oncological pathologies. Branhyogenic cancer is found in 4.5% of patients with lateral cysts in the neck. The article highlights the results of research the clinical case of branhyogenic cancer, provide its clinical and morphological analysis. The aim of our work was to study the clinical case of bronchial cancer, providing clinical and pathomorphological analysis. Examination and treatment was conducted in accordance with the clinical protocol using the diagnostic criteria necessary for management of patients diagnosed with tumours and tumorous lesions in a particular clinical case. We applied ultrasound examination of the locus, angiography of head and neck vessels with tomohexol and with 3D reconstruction, histological examination of surgical specimens (macroscopy and microscopy). On the basis of clinical investigaton, ultrasound examination, angiography clinical diagnosis was formulated – lateral cyst on the left side of the neck. A radical surgical removal of the mass was conducted. Histopathological conclusion: there is a proliferation of cystic transitional cell epithelium with the locus of invasive squamous cell carcinoma in the cystic wall that suggests malignant transformation of bronchogenic cyst. Final diagnosis: branhyogenic cancer. Thorough examination and analysis of a clinical case demonstrates that the development of branhyogenic cancer, is histo-genetically associated with lateral cysts in the neck. Complexity of diagnosing and high percentage of malignancy induces to more early discovery and removal of lateral cysts in the neck .

Epidemiological, Clinical, Therapeutic and Evolutionary Aspects of Primary Operated Bronchial Cancer

Introduction: Bronchial cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the world. We conducted this work in order to describe the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary characteristics of primary operated bronchopulmonary cancers. Methods: Retrospective study including all operated patients from January 2016 to October 2018. The data was entered on an Excel file and then transferred to SPSS software for analysis. Results: The rate of primary operated bronchopulmonary cancers was 6,3 %. The sex ratio was 3,11. The average age was 58,5 years old. The average consultation time exceeded three months in 80% of cases. Adenocarcinoma was the most common histological type. Conclusion: The very low rate of stages I and II at the time of diagnosis requires awareness of the value of screening and early diagnosis so that patients can benefit from surgical treatment.

CP*Trends: An Online Tool for Comparing Cohort and Period Trends Across Cancer Sites

Cohort or period components of trends can provide a rationale for new research or point to clues on the effectiveness of control strategies. Graphical display of trends guides models that quantify the experience of a population. In this paper, a method for smoothing rates by single year of age and year is developed and displayed to show the contributions of period and cohort to trends. The magnitude of the contribution of period and/or cohort in a model for trends may be assessed by the percentage of deviance explained and the relative contributions of cohort (C) and period (P) individually, known as the C-P score. The method is illustrated using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data (1975–2014) on lung and bronchial cancer mortality in females and prostate and colorectal cancer incidence in males. Smoothed age-period and age-cohort rates provide a useful first step in studies of etiology and the impact of disease control without imposing a restrictive model. We found that, in this data set, cohort predominates for female lung and bronchial cancer and period predominates for male prostate cancer. However, the effects change with age for male colorectal cancer incidence, indicating an age shift in relevant exposures. These methods are applied on an interactive website for both incidence and mortality at over 20 cancer sites in the United States.

Impacto da vitamina d na prevenção do câncer pulmonar e brônquico

RESUMOObjetivo: identificar evidências de ação preventiva da vitamina D sobre a taxa de mortalidade de câncer de pulmão e de brônquios da população brasileira. Método: estudo quantitativo, epidemiológico, descritivo, desenvolvido a partir da coleta de dados das fontes INCA e IBGE. Os dados do INCA revelavam taxas de mortalidade para os dois cânceres, enquanto que o IBGE disponibilizava latitudes específicas de todas as capitais do país. Após a coleta, os dados foram digitados no programa Microsoft Excel, posteriormente, transferidos para o programa de construção de mapas Target Map e analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. Resultados: observou-se que as cinco unidades federativas mais distantes da linha do Equador representam as maiores taxas de mortalidade do Brasil comum em ambos os sexos. Conclusão: os resultados evidenciam uma ação preventiva da vitamina D nas regiões mais ensolaradas do país e que esta substância pode ser um recurso transformador de saúde pública. Contudo, há grande necessidade de estudos multicêntricos para maior respaldo científico. Descritores: Vitamina D; Neoplasias Pulmonares; Neoplasias Brônquicas; Prevenção de Doenças; Aplicações da Epidemiologia; Registros de Mortalidade.ABSTRACT Objective: to identify evidence of preventive action of vitamin D on the mortality rate of lung and bronchial cancer in the Brazilian population. Method: quantitative, epidemiological, descriptive study, developed from data collection from INCA and IBGE sources. The INCA data revealed mortality rates for both cancers, while the IBGE provided specific latitudes of all the capitals of the country. After the data collection, the data was entered in the Microsoft Excel program, later transferred to the program of construction of maps of the Target Map and analyzed by means of descriptive statistics. Results: it was observed that the Five most distant federative units of the Equator line represent the highest mortality rates of Brazil, common in both sexes. Conclusion: the results show the preventive action of vitamin D in the sunniest regions of the country and that this substance can be a transformative resource of public health. However, there is a great need for multicenter studies for greater scientific support. Descriptors: Vitamin D; Lung Neoplasms; Bronchial Neoplasms; Disease Prevention; Uses of Epidemiology; Mortality Registries.RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar evidencias de acción preventiva de la vitamina D sobre la tasa de mortalidad de cáncer de pulmón y de bronquios de la población brasileña. Método: estudio cuantitativo, epidemiológico, descriptivo, desarrollado a partir de la recolección de datos de las fuentes Inca e IBGE. Los datos del INCA revelaban tasas de mortalidad para los dos cánceres, mientras que el IBGE disponía de latitudes específicas de todas las capitales del país. Después de la recolección, los datos fueron digitados en el programa Microsoft Excel, posteriormente, transferidos al programa de construcción de mapas Target Map y siendo analizados por medio de estadística descriptiva. Resultados: se observó que las cinco unidades federativas más distantes de la línea del Ecuador representan las mayores tasas de mortalidad de Brasil, siendo común en ambos sexos. Conclusión: los resultados evidencian una acción preventiva de la vitamina D en las regiones más soleadas del país y que esta sustancia puede ser un recurso transformador de salud pública. Sin embargo, hay gran necesidad de estudios multicéntricos para mayor respaldo científico. Descriptores: Vitamina D; Neoplasias Pulmonares; Neoplasias de los Bronquios; Prevención de Enfermedades; Usos de la Epidemiología; Registros de Mortalidad.