Impact of Surface Improvement Measures on Low-yielding Summer Pastures on Pasture Productivity and Forage Quality

Cultivation of soil on the slopes of mountainous areas leads to a decrease in organic matter and nutrients in the soil and severe soil erosion. Grazing is one of the main reasons for the degradation of pastures and natural landscape, which increases the sensitivity of the soil to erosion. Soil erosion, in turn, pollutes water by increasing its turbidity and sometimes causes atrophy due to leakage of phosphorus and nitrogen. An average of 30.6 quintals of green mass or 7.8 quintals of dry grass per hectare was produced in the variant of grass seed sowing (without fertilizer), compared to the control variant, in the variant of grass seed sowing + N60P60K40 this indicator averaged 39.9 centners/ha of green mass. or more than 15.0%, resulting in the production of 10.0 quintals of dry or 14.7% more dry grass. Experimental field studies to improve pastures have shown that the fodder produced in each of the tested variants; green mass and dry grass supply and their nutritional value were higher than control.

Status and Perspective of China’s Nuclear Safety Philosophy and Requirements in the Post-Fukushima Era

The significant impact brought by a severe nuclear accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) in Japan in March 2011 has made global regulators to review the requirements against severe accidents. In China, comprehensive safety inspection and external hazard safety margin assessment on NPPs were carried out, regulatory requirements on improvement measures for NPPs based on the inspection were given, the nuclear safety 5-year plan was made and executed, and the safety requirements on the new NPP design were drafted. The Nuclear Safety Law came into effect in 2018. The “Code on the Safety of Nuclear Power Plant Design” (HAF102) was revised in 2016, and relevant safety guides were developed. In this article, improvement actions and requirements about NPP safety in China over the past 10 years were reviewed, and the nuclear safety philosophy and requirements including practical elimination, classification of accident conditions, and defense in depth portable equipment were elaborated. In summary, some suggestions of NPP safety in China in the future were provided.

A Study on the Method to Secure Evacuation Safety of Long-term Care Hospitals for the Elderly through Actual Condition Surveys

In long-term care hospitals, there are many patients with reduced mobility and the fire compartment is difficult, so there is a high possibility of large-scale casualties in the event of a fire. Various studies have been conducted to reduce these risks, but studies on problems related to evacuation safety and improvement measures are lacking. Therefore, this study intends to examine the problems related to evacuation safety through a fact-finding survey targeting two hospitals and to suggest improvement measures. As a result, problems related to 1) maintenance of fire doors, 2) establishment of a horizontal evacuation plan, 3) evacuation mechanism, and 4) recognition and implementation of worker evacuation plans were derived, and improvement measures for each problem were suggested.