Features of Growth Processes of Sweet Cherry Trees of Various Ripening Terms in the Conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

One of the main requirements of the new stone fruit varieties recommended for commercial cultivation is a compact crown shape that allows for greater plant density and easier crown maintenance. The aim of the research was to establish the growth processes of the above-ground parts of cherry trees in varieties of different ripening periods. The article presents the results of studies of the features of apical and lateral growth of sweet cherry trees. Biological and varietal features of tree growth strength, growth and total length of annual shoots are determined. The dependence of tree trunk growth on apical growth force is established. According to the results of research, sweet cherry varieties are grouped according to the strength of growth: the vigorous varieties are Amazonka, Dar Mliyeva, Zoryana, Mliyivska zhovta; the semi dwarf are Aboryhenka, Alyonushka, Drohana zhovta, Mirazh; the dwarfing are Biryuza, Donetskyy uholyok, Melitopolska krapchasta, Meotida. The smallest increase in trunk diameter was found for the dwarfing variety Biryuza, and the largest – for the variety Drohana zhovta. The highest yield load per unit cross-sectional area of the trunk was recorded for the variety Donetskyy uholyok, the lowest – for Drohana zhovta. The amount of growth in the trunk diameter was inversely dependent on a load of trees with the crop and the strength of apical growth of sweet cherry trees. The features of shoot-forming ability allow characterising the shape of the crown of cherry trees: round – Donetskyy uholyok, Amazonka; high-round – varieties of Aborigenka, Dar Mliyeva, Zoryana; wide-pyramidal – Alyonushka, Drohana zhovta, Melitopolska krap-chasta; pyramidal – Mliyivska zhovta, Mirazh; low – Meotida, Biryuza. Dar Mliyeva, Zoryana, Mirazh, Melitopolska krapchasta and Drohana zhovta varieties have high shootability; the Mliyivska zhovta, Aboryhenka, Meotida, Amazonka varieties have medium shootability; Alyonushka, Biryuza, Donetskyy uholyok varieties have low shootability

Influence of Coherent Properties of Water on Biological Growth of Plants

The purpose of the research was to study the effect of Allium cepa L on the growth processes of the coherent properties of various water sources and samples of distilled and natural water with the electrophysical properties of the original samples transferred to them. Materials and methods. The Kirlian gas-discharge glow of water droplets was recorded on an X-ray film. We used histograms of the luminescence corona brightness, calculated the values of the Euclidean distance for the medians of the heights of the histogram columns and for the differences in the medians in adjacent intervals. The values during of the research were compared with similar parameters of pre-formed samples of images of typical waters (distilled, tap water, from natural sources outside and from the territories of monasteries), as well as water samples with an established type and degree of coherence. The objects of the growth test were onion plants – Allium cepa L. The height of the seedlings, the length of the roots were estimated, and their dry weight was determined. Results and discussion. The identity of the signs of coherence in most samples of electrophysical (energy-informational) copies of water from original sources, the correspondence between the results of the growth test and the properties of water coherence were revealed. There was an increase in the biomass of the test culture when grown on samples with dextrorotatory coherence of water as its degree increased. With levorotatory polarization of water coherence, the biomass decreases with an increase in its degree. The study showed the possibility of transferring the electrophysical properties of various samples of natural water both to distilled water and to other water samples from natural sources. We experimentally demonstrated the possibility of transferring the quantum properties of liquid-phase objects for the preparation and use of biologically active substances in agriculture, biology and medicine without their side effects. Conclusion. Kirlian photography of water can be used as an additional way of express-indication of the physical state of the water basins of the biosphere, including the quality of drinking water by their coherent properties. It is perspective to study the effects of water sources with certain coherent properties on the growth processes of certain plant species and their parts

Choice of explant, its size and method of its placement in a test tube to increase the productivity of clonal micropropagation of Fioletoviy ranniy variety

The paper is devoted to the optimization of one of the factors influencing the success of micropropagation – the choice of the optimal part of vine to take explant, size of the explant and the method of its exposure in a test tube. The studies have confirmed that the place, where micro-cutting was taken, its size and its orientation during planting can affect the speed of growth processes and the survival rate of plants. The experiment was put on the Purple Early grapevine variety. The part of vine for taking micro-cutting, best size of explant and the method of its orientation in the test tube are established.

INFLUENCE OF PHYSIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES ON DEVELOPMENT OF OWN-ROOTED SEEDLINGS IN NURSERY

The purpose of the research was to identify growth stimulators that promote the activa-tion of growth processes and root formation, to improve the technology of growing high-quality own-rooted grape seedlings from shortened three-eyed cuttings. The influence of physiologically active substances (PAS): Epin, Silk, Kornevin, Nikfan, Kavkaz on sur-vival, activation of growth processes, root formation of shortened cuttings of Bianca grapes was determined. As a result of pro-cessing cuttings with PAS, the survival rate of cuttings in the nursery increased by 10.6–19.1 % relative to the control. The yield of seedlings of the variety in the experimental variants exceeded the control indicators by 2.8–18.4 %. The effect of preparations on plant growth was noted, the increase in one-year growth in the variants varied from 5.8 to 18.0 cm relative to the control. When the ba-sal part of the cuttings was briefly immersed in a 0.01 % solution of Nikfan, the growth length was 78.1 cm, when soaked in a 0.1 % solution of Kornevin – 76.8 cm, in a 0.1 % solution of Silk –75.5 cm, in the control this indicator was 60.1 cm. The positive effect of growth stimulants on the development of the root system has been established. The indica-tor of the average number of roots per own-rooted seedling for the variants varied from 10.5 to 12.5 pcs., in the control variant – 10.7 pcs. According to the complex of indi-cators, a variant with the treatment of the ba-sal part of the cuttings for 24 hours with the preparation Kornevin-0.1% was identified.

Biostimulant application in the cultivation of cucumber (Cucumis sativus l.): A case study of Andijan region

This article describes the results of the conducted field experiment by using biostimulants “Uchkun”, “Super Uchkun”, “Gossipren” and “Verva” on cucumber varieties (Orzu) in Andijan region and the effect on the increase of productivity. It was revealed that the pre-sowing treatment of cucumber seeds with biostimulants promoted a significant increase in seed germination and growth processes. The most effective growth stimulant on Orzu cucumber was Super Uchkun. On average, the yield of cucumber when treated with biostimulants increased by 10.28%; 23.8%; 24.27% and 14.29%, respectively; while the yield increase was 1.3, 2.3, 2.7, and 0.9 t/ha, respectively.

REGENERATION OF MICRO CUTTINS WITH DIFFERENT SIZE AND ORIENTATION IN TEST TUBE

The article is devoted to the optimization of one of the factors influencing the success of micropropagation – the choice of the optimal size of the explant and the method of its expo-sure in a test tube. Many studies have con-firmed that the size of the micro cuttings and its orientation during planting can affect the speed of growth processes and the survival rate of plants. The experiment was set on the Fio-letoviy Ranniy grape variety. The best size of the micro cuttings and the method of its orien-tation in the test tube are established.

Mobilization hard-to-reach phosphorus compounds in soil and influence growth processes of microbiological association

The article presents results of research of monocultures and association of lactic-oxide bacteria, purple nonsulfur bacteria and yeast on indicators of stimulation of growth processes, nitrogen fixation and phosphate mobilization for 2 crops: one-year and longterm. The research was carried out in both laboratory and production conditions. It is shown that milk-oxide and purple nonsulfur bacteria stimulate growth processes of wheat variety Nador in aquatic culture by 20-30%, and their consortium with yeast - by 30%. In comparison with control, an increase of 3.4 t/ha in the yield of Golden Delishes apples was detected with 2fold treatment based on a consortium of lactic oxide, purple nonsulfur bacteria and sucromycetes. It was determined that all the strains of the above-mentioned groups of microorganisms studied mobilized hard-to-soluble compounds of phosphorus, and only purple nonsulfur bacteria were capable of nitrogen fixation.

Assessment of the certain fertilizers effect on the quality of Viburnum vulgaris "Taiga rubies" seedlings

In this work research are considered, the results of the effectiveness of fertilizers’ the use of fertilizers on the growth processes of seedlings of the common viburnum 'Taiga Ruby' are considered. The influence of fertilizers on the viburnum root system volume of the root system of the viburnum has been reliably proven (82%). The most effective fertilizer was Osmocote Exact Standard (80.72 ml). Fertilizer Complex fruit and berry Complex (30.88 ml) turned out to be less effective (30.88 ml). The effect of fertilization on the average length of branches (72%) was estimated. The most effective fertilizer was Osmocote Exact Standard (18.8 ml). Fertilizer OMU fruit t and berry (9.4 ml) turned out to be less effective. Keywords: VIBURNUM, GROWING, SEEDING MATERIAL, FERTILIZERS, TAIGA RUBIES

Supplemental Material: A new geological map of the Lau Basin (southwestern Pacific Ocean) reveals crustal growth processes in arc-backarc systems

<div>Supplemental Material. Item S1: Geological map of the Lau Basin at 1:1,000,000 scale. Item S2: Geological map of the Mangatolu Triple Junction at 1:200,000 scale. Item S3: Cruise listing and data sources. Item S4: Ground-truthing dataset for the geological map of the Lau Basin.<br></div>