Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Fisika Berbasis Multimodel Pada Topik Teori Kinetik Gas

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh rendahnya hasil belajar sehingga memerlukan adanya upaya guru dengan cara mengadakan variasi dalam proses pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan kualitas belajar siswa. Tujuan umum penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan kelayakan bahan ajar fisika berbasis multimodel pada topik teori kinetik gas. Adapun tujuan khususnya adalah mendeskripsikan validitas, kepraktisan dan efektivitas bahan ajar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan dengan model ADDIE. Subjek uji coba adalah peserta didik kelas XI MIPA 3 SMA Negeri 6 Banjarmasin 1 tahun ajaran 2019/2020 yang berjumlah 27 orang. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui lembar validasi, lembar pengamatan keterlaksanaan RPP, dan lembar pengamatan tes hasil belajar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) validitas bahan ajar berkategori sangat baik, yakni validitas RPP memperoleh rerata skor 3,61; validitas LKPD memperoleh rerata skor 3,51; validitas materi ajar memperoleh rerata skor 3,28; dan validitas THB memperoleh rerata skor 3,72; 2) kepraktisan bahan ajar berkategori sangat baik dengan rerata keterlaksanaan RPP pertemuan 1 sebesar 3,61; pertemuan 2 sebesar 3,68; dan pertemuan 3 sebesar 3,84; 3) efektivitas bahan ajar memenuhi kriteria efektif dengan N-gain 0,69 berkategori sedang. Diperoleh simpulan bahwa bahan ajar fisika berbasis multimodel pada topik teori kinetik gas layak digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran karena memenuhi kategori untuk dinyatakan valid, praktis, dan efektif. Hasil penelitian ini digunakan sebagai masukan bagi guru dan calon guru untuk memilih bahan ajar fisika yang berbasis multimodel pada topik teori kinetik gas.This research is motivated by the low learning outcomes that require teachers' efforts by holding variations in the learning process to improve the quality of students in learning. This research's general objective is to describe the feasibility of multimodel-based physics teaching materials on the topic of kinetic gas theory. The specific purpose of this study is to describe the validity, practicality and effectiveness of teaching materials. This type of research is research and development with ADDIE models. The research data were obtained through validation sheets and observation sheets to implement lesson plans and observation sheets for learning outcome tests. The results showed that: 1) the validity of categorized teaching materials was very good, namely the validity of the lesson plan obtained an average score of 3.61; the validity of student's worksheet obtained an average score of 3.51; the validity of teaching materials obtained an average score of 3.28; and learning achievement test validity obtained an average score of 3.72; 2) the practicality of teaching materials is categorized very well with an average implementation of RPP 1 meeting of 3.61; The 2nd meeting amounted to 3.68, and meeting 3 at 3.84; and 3) the effectiveness of teaching materials meets the effective criteria with an N-gain of 0.69 in the medium category. It was concluded that multimodel-based physics teaching materials on the topic of a kinetic gas theory are feasible in the learning process because they meet the declared valid, practical, and effective categories. This study's results are used as input for teachers and prospective teachers to select multimodel-based physics teaching materials on the topic of gas kinetic theory.

Rate enhancement in collisions of sulfuric acid molecules due to long-range intermolecular forces

<p><span>Collisions of molecules and clusters play a key role in determining the rate of atmospheric new particle formation and growth. Traditionally the statistics of these collisions are taken from kinetic gas theory assuming spherical noninteracting particles, which may significantly underestimate the collision coefficients for most atmospherically relevant molecules. Such systematic errors in predicted new particle formation rates will also affect large-scale climate models. We studied the statistics of collisions of sulfuric acid molecules in a vacuum using atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. </span>We found that the effective collision cross section of the H2SO4 molecule, as described by an optimized potentials for liquid simulation (OPLS) all-atom force field, is significantly larger than the hard-sphere diameter assigned to the molecule based on the liquid density of sulfuric acid.<span> As a consequence, the actual collision coefficient is enhanced by a factor of 2.2 at 300 K compared with kinetic gas theory. This enhancement factor obtained from atomistic simulation is consistent with the discrepancy observed between experimental formation rates of clusters containing sulfuric acid and calculated formation rates using hard-sphere kinetics. We find reasonable agreement with an enhancement factor calculated from the Langevin model of capture, based on the attractive part of the atomistic intermolecular potential of mean force.</span></p>

Rate enhancement in collisions of sulfuric acid molecules due to long-range intermolecular forces

Collisions of molecules and clusters play a key role in determining the rate of atmospheric new particle formation and growth. Traditionally the statistics of these collisions are taken from kinetic gas theory assuming spherical noninteracting particles, which may significantly underestimate the collision coefficients for most atmospherically relevant molecules. Such systematic errors in predicted new particle formation rates will also affect large-scale climate models. We studied the statistics of collisions of sulfuric acid molecules in a vacuum using atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. We found that the effective collision cross section of the H2SO4 molecule, as described by an optimized potentials for liquid simulation (OPLS). OPLS all-atom force field, is significantly larger than the hard-sphere diameter assigned to the molecule based on the liquid density of sulfuric acid. As a consequence, the actual collision coefficient is enhanced by a factor of 2.2 at 300 K compared with kinetic gas theory. This enhancement factor obtained from atomistic simulation is consistent with the discrepancy observed between experimental formation rates of clusters containing sulfuric acid and calculated formation rates using hard-sphere kinetics. We find reasonable agreement with an enhancement factor calculated from the Langevin model of capture, based on the attractive part of the atomistic intermolecular potential of mean force.

Implementation of Conceptual Change of Gas Kinetic Theory Material using Process Images

The aim of this research is to implement the learning of conceptual changes in kinetic gas theory material using process drawings. This research is a pre-experimental with one-group pretest-posttest design for 30 students of XI IPA 7 MAN 2 Probolinggo City. The instrument used is a description test of 6 questions. The results of the data analysis showed that the change in student concept after using process images in kinetic gas theory material increased with an average increase score of 0.51 (medium gain). This happens because students still experience misconceptions on the material laws of gas that are associated with the phenomena of daily life and the effective speed of gases theoretically.

PEMETAAN POTENSI LOKAL KABUPATEN WONOSOBO UNTUK PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS (SMA)

MAPPING AND INTEGRATING INDONESIA'S LOCAL POTENTIAL IN HIGH SCHOOL PHYSICS LEARNING TO CREATE THE MEANINGFUL LEARNING AbstractLearning physics in high school requires the fulfillment of 4 core competencies, namely spiritual, social, knowledge, and skills. Therefore, it is needed for various creative activities and meaningful learning to learn it. A contextual approach by integrating local potential and physics material becomes a promising choice for studying physics. This study aims to identify the local potential that can be integrated with the physics material. This is a qualitative research by study of literatureand and survey method. The results showed seven physics materials in SHS based on the Curriculum 2013 Revised Edition can be integrated with the local potential of Wonosobo, Indonesia. There is the nature of physics and measurement of physical quantities; dynamics of motion; static and dynamic fluids; temperature, heat, global warming phenomenon; kinetic gas theory; light and optical devices, and sounds. The local potential are calculate the seeds and agricultural products, Arjuna temple, how farmers irrigate land, sikidang crater, color lake, menjer lakes, pengilon lake, dlingo lake, merdada lake, cebong lake, swiwi lake, steam power plant “Geodipa”, Mangli water source, Carica Pubescens, ongklok noodles, heating equipment, Dieng plateau, Bundengan musical instruments, confusing lines around the Dieng plateau, Serayu River, Kalianget baths, and ruwatan rambut gimbal. AbstrakPembelajaran fisika di SMA menuntut terpenuhinya 4 kompetensi inti, yaitu spiritual, sosial, pengetahuan, dan keterampilan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan berbagai aktivitas kreatif dan pembelajaran bermakna untuk mempelajarinya. Pendekatan kontekstual dengan mengintegrasikan potensi lokal dan materi fisika menjadi pilihan yang menjanjikan untuk mempelajari fisika. Pemetaan potensi lokal dan materi fisika perlu dilakukan sebelum melaksanakan pembelajaran kontekstual. Penelitian ini bertujuan memetakan potensi lokal yang dapat diintegrasikan dengan pembelajaran fisika SMA guna melaksanakan pembelajaran kontekstual. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi literatur dan survey. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 7 materi fisika SMA berdasarkan kurikulum 2013 Edisi Revisi dapat dipetakan dengan potensi lokal Kabupaten Wonosobo, Indonesia. Materi tersebut yaitu hakikat fisika dan pengukuran besaran fisika; dinamika gerak; fluida statis dan dinamis; suhu, kalor, gejala pemanasan global; teori kinetik gas; cahaya dan alat optik, dan bunyi. Potensi lokal meliputi menghitung bibit dan hasil pertanian, Candi Arjuna, cara petani mengairi lahan, kawah sikidang, telaga warna, telaga menjer, telaga pengilon, telaga dlingo, telaga merdada, telaga cebong, telaga swiwi, PLTU Geodipa, sumber air mangli, carica, mie ongklok, alat pemanas ruangan, dataran tinggi dieng, alat musik Bundengan, jalur tingungan di sekitar dataran tinggi Dieng, Sungai Serayu, pemandian Kalianget, dan ruwatan rambut gimbal.

Rate enhancement in collisions of sulfuric acid molecules due to long-range intermolecular forces

Collisions of molecules and clusters play a key role in determining the rate of atmospheric new particle formation and growth. Traditionally the statistics of these collisions are taken from kinetic gas theory assuming spherical non-interacting particles, which may significantly underestimate the collision coefficients for most atmospherically relevant molecules. Such systematic errors in predicted new particle formation rates will also affect large-scale climate models. We have studied the statistics of collisions of sulfuric acid molecules in vacuum by atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. We have found that the effective collision cross section of the H2SO4 molecule, as described by an OPLS-All Atom force field, is significantly larger than the hard-sphere diameter assigned to the molecule based on the liquid density of sulfuric acid. As a consequence, the actual collision coefficient is enhanced by a factor 2.2, compared to kinetic gas theory. This enhancement factor obtained from atomistic simulation is consistent with the discrepancy observed between experimental formation rates of clusters containing sulfuric acid and calculated formation rates using hard sphere kinetics. We find reasonable agreement with an enhancement factor calculated from the Langevin model of capture, fitted to the attractive part of the atomistic intermolecular potential of mean force.

PENGGUNAAN LEMBAR KERJA PESETA DIDIK (LKPD) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERFIKIR FLEKSIBEL PADA MATERI FISIKA DITINJAU DARI PERBEDAAN GENDER DI SMA NEGERI 11 BANDA ACEH

A study has been conducted on the use of Student Work Sheets (LKPD) to improve Flexible thinking skills in terms of gender differences. The research was conducted at SMAN 11 Banda Aceh. Flexible thinking is the ability to generate varied answers or ideas and can see a problem from different perspectives. LKPD is a sheet containing tasks that are usually in the form of instructions and steps to complete the task. Both classes are male and female class using LKPD method. The method used is one-group pretest posttest design. Data collection is done by technique of description test that is to measure Flexible thinking skill. The results showed that there were differences in the increase of male and female group of students to Flexible thinking skill with the use of LKPD on kinetic gas theory material with significance value 0,05 and Fhitung (1,85)