Analysis of electrical characteristics and electroluminescent efficiency of field induced contact-DGOLET

This research paper discusses the significance development in field-induced contact dual-gate organic light emitting transistor (FIC-DGOLET) device architecture and characteristics. The device behaviour is analyzed and observed significant value of electroluminescent efficiency. The deep investigation of FIC-DGOLET device is discussed in this paper, where impact of varying the various parameters such as thickness of organic semiconductor (OSC) materials from the range of 400 nm to 200 nm at altered value of threshold voltage by using 2D ATLAS simulator. Its theoretical calculation influence over the dynamic control of the device characteristics such as saturated drain current (I ds ), mobility (μ), threshold voltage (V th ) as well as sub threshold swing. The FIC-DGOLET is a dual-gate transistor which also emits light by the operations of two accumulated regions, that are electrons and holes which is not completely overlapped to each other. The leakage current in DG-OLET can be reduced to the extent that 70% than single gate OLET (SG-OLET). The recombination zone mechanism of FIC-DGOLET plays a vital role in its performance, where we get comparable value of electroluminescent efficiency with reported, low value of exciton quenching and current densities. The extracted parameters of DG-OLETs are like drive current of 100A, I on/off 108, threshold voltage V th of 1.3 V at V gs of –3 V and V ds of 0 to –3 V. These extracted performance parameters are very helpful in designing of flexible display applications.

A Fast-Response Driving Waveform Design Based on High-Frequency Voltage for Three-Color Electrophoretic Displays

Three-color electrophoretic displays (EPDs) have the characteristics of colorful display, reflection display, low power consumption, and flexible display. However, due to the addition of red particles, response time of three-color EPDs is increased. In this paper, we proposed a new driving waveform based on high-frequency voltage optimization and electrophoresis theory, which was used to shorten the response time. The proposed driving waveform was composed of an activation stage, a new red driving stage, and a black or white driving stage. The response time of particles was effectively reduced by removing an erasing stage. In the design process, the velocity of particles in non-polar solvents was analyzed by Newton’s second law and Stokes law. Next, an optimal duration and an optimal frequency of the activation stage were obtained to reduce ghost images and improve particle activity. Then, an optimal voltage which can effectively drive red particles was tested to reduce the response time of red particles. Experimental results showed that compared with a traditional driving waveform, the proposed driving waveform had a better performance. Response times of black particles, white particles and red particles were shortened by 40%, 47.8% and 44.9%, respectively.

Transparent Flexible IGZO Thin Film Transistors Fabricated at Room Temperature

Flexible and fully transparent thin film transistors (TFT) were fabricated via room temperature processes. The fabricated TFT on the PEN exhibited excellent performance, including a saturation mobility (μsat) of 7.9 cm2/V·s, an Ion/Ioff ratio of 4.58 × 106, a subthreshold swing (SS) of 0.248 V/dec, a transparency of 87.8% at 550 nm, as well as relatively good stability under negative bias stress (NBS) and bending stress, which shows great potential in smart, portable flexible display, and wearable device applications.

Microfluidic multicolor display by juxtapositional color mixing with a pattern of primary color pixels

This paper describes a microfluidic multicolor display utilizing juxtapositional color mixing of pixels. Our display has a 14 × 14 array of pixels (2.5 mm in pixel diameter, 8.46 ppi) on the display surface where multicolor is expressed by controlling the pattern of the four primary color inks (cyan (C), magenta (M), yellow (Y), and black (= key plate, K)) that fill the pixels. The microfluidic display has a three-layer structure composed of a top layer with pixels for displaying images, a middle layer that serves as a background screen, and a bottom layer with microchannels that connect the pixels. In order to express multicolor by combining CMYK primary colors, we optimized the concentration of the inks used as the primary colors. By designing patterns of pixels filled with CMYK ink, color gradations and multicolor images were displayed on our display. The proposed microfluidic display could be applied to eye-friendly and low-energy-consumption flexible display applications including multi-purpose sign boards used in outdoors, wearing objects, and exterior/interior of vehicles and architects.

The Study of Bending and Twisting Input Modalities in Deformable Interfaces

The deformable input provides users with the ability of physical operation equipment to interact with the system. In order to facilitate further development in flexible display interactive technology, we devised FlexSheet, an input device that can simulate the deformation environment. This paper presents two forms of deformation input, bending and twisting, with regard to three selection techniques. We conduct a controlled experiment to select discrete targets by combining two input forms and three selection strategies, taking into account the influence of visual feedback. Further, we use the deformation angle to reflect the degree of deformation and map it to the experimental variables. In accordance with the experimental results, we analyze the experimental performance under three evaluation indexes and prove the viability of our selection technology in bending and twisting input modes. Finally, we provide suggestions on the control level in bending and twisting input modes, respectively.

Optical and electrical properties of Ti-doped In2O3 film deposited on flexible transparent substrates by ion beam assisted deposition under different oxygen flow rate

A flexible transparent is an important technology to improve flexible electronic and flexible display devices. Actually, the deposition process of films coated on a flexible substrate will no more than 200 °C or room temperature. In order to achieve high transmission and lower resistivity, this paper reported the thin films of ITiO deposited by ion beam-assisted electron beam under the condition of different oxygen flow rates at room temperature. The electrical, optical, and morphological properties of ITiO films were investigated under the condition of different oxygen flow rates. At the 30 sccm oxygen flow rate, the surface roughness was 5.4 nm, high transmittance and optical bandgap of ITiO films were 89.2% at 470 nm wavelengths and 3.28 eV, respectively. The lowest resistivity of film was 2.1 × 10-4 Ω-cm at 30 sccm oxygen flow rate. Furthermore, the carrier concentration and hall mobility were experimentally investigated, which presented by 42.8 cm2/Vsec and 9.23 × 1020 cm-3. The use ITiO film coated on a flexible substrate with ion beam-assisted electron beam evaporation at room temperature can improve the lower resistivity and high transmission of the flexible device. It was also demonstrated that ITiO film with ion beam-assisted deposition technique is suitable for flexible electronic and flexible display devices.