Eskişehir Ekolojik Koşullarında Farklı Anason (Pimpinella anisum L.) Populasyonlarının Verim ve Verim Öğelerinin Karşılaştırılması

Bu çalışmada, farklı genotiplerin (populasyon) anasonun (Pimpinella anisum L.) verim ve verim bileşenleri üzerindeki etkisini ortaya çıkarmak amaçlanmıştır. Deneme, Eskişehir ekolojik koşullarında 2017 ve 2018 yılları yetiştirme döneminde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada Türkiye’nin farklı bölgelerinden temin edilen dört farklı anason populasyonu (Afyon, Bilecik, Çeşme ve Burdur) kullanılmıştır. Bitki materyalleri, tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre üç tekerrürlü olarak yetiştirilmiştir. Sonuçlar, populasyonların 1000 tohum ağırlığı (g) hariç incelenen diğer tüm parametrelerde önemli farklılığa sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Bilecik ve Çeşme populasyonlarından en yüksek tohum verimi (sırasıyla 80.56 ve 76.31 kg da-1) ve en yüksek uçucu yağ verimi (sırasıyla 2.17 ve 2.22 L da-1) elde edilmiştir. Diğer taraftan çalışmada elde edilen uçucu yağ oranı %2.67-2.92 arasında değişmiş, Avrupa farmakopesinde belirtilen % 2 sınırının üzerinde olduğu görülmüştür. Netice olarak; çalışmada yer alan populasyonlar arasında yüksek tohum ve uçucu yağ verimleri açısından Bilecik ve Çeşme populasyonlarının öne çıktığı belirlenmiştir.

Effect of Elevated CO2 on Seed Yield, Essential Oil Metabolism, Nutritive Value, and Biological Activity of Pimpinella anisum L. Accessions at Different Seed Maturity Stages

Besides the lack of studies regarding applying elevated CO2 (eCO2) as a strategy to improve the chemical composition of anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) seeds, studies on its interaction with seed developmental stages and origin are very limited. The seed yield, chemical composition, and biological activity of 6 aniseed accessions (Egypt, Tunisia, Syria, Turkey, Yemen, and Morocco) were investigated during three developmental stages (immature, premature, and mature) under control and elevated CO2 conditions. Mature seeds from all aniseed accessions had significantly higher (p < 0.05) dry weight (DW) percentages than premature and immature seeds. The highest DW percentages were recorded in Egypt and Morocco accessions. Seed maturation increased nutrients and antioxidant metabolites in most eCO2-treated accessions. In contrast, essential oils were decreased by seed maturation, while eCO2 reversed this effect. Essential oil-related precursors (e.g., phenylalanine) and enzyme activities (3-Deoxy-d-arabino-heptulosonate-7-phosphate synthase (DAHPS) and O–methyltransferase) decreased with seed maturity. However, high CO2 reduced this impact and further induced the other essential oil-related precursors (shikimic and cinnamic acids). Consequently, eCO2 provoked changes in the antioxidant and hypocholesterolemic activities of aniseeds, particularly at mature stages. Overall, eCO2 application, as an efficient way to improve aniseed growth, essential oil metabolism, and chemical composition, was affected by seed maturation and origin. Future studies of eCO2-treated aniseeds as a nutraceutical and pharmaceutical product are suggested.

Assessment of Antidepressant-Like, Anxiolytic Effects and Impact on Memory of Pimpinella anisum L. Total Extract on Swiss Albino Mice

Mental disorders are psychological symptoms that impact multiple areas of an individual’s life. Depression and anxiety are chronic illnesses described as the most prevalent stress-related mood disorders that cause injury and early death. In Morocco, Anise “Pimpinella anisum L.” is one of the most traditionally used condiment plants, which has long been used to cure various illnesses and in phytotherapy. The present study was designed to investigate the antidepressant, anxiolytic, and memory impact of the total extract of Pimpinella anisum (PATE) at the doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg, using the Forced Swimming Test (FST), Tail Suspension Test (TST), Open Field Test (OFT), and Light–Dark Box Test (LDBT) as an experimental paradigm of anxiety and depression, and Novel Object Recognition Test (NORT) and the Morris Water Maze Test (MWMT) as memory tests on Swiss albino mice. The tests were carried out on the 1st, 7th, 14th, and the 21st days of the study, and the extract groups were compared with normal controls and positive controls (receiving bromazepam and paroxetine at the doses of 1 mg/kg and 11.5 mg/kg for anxiety and depression, respectively). The daily oral gavage of the mice by the PATE induced a significant anxiolytic and antidepressant-like effect by shortening immobility time and decreasing downtime in the different tests. PATE at both doses was shown to have no impact on memory following the NORT and MWM tests. Different compounds, such as gallic acid, catechin, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, oleuropein, p-coumaric acid, trans-4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid, myricetin, and quercetin, were identified during the phytochemical analysis carried out using HPLC analysis. This research supports and promotes the extract’s traditional use, suggesting its use as a phytomedicine against depression and anxiety, and calls for further research to clarify its mode of action.

Pimpinella Anisum Extracts, Safe Anti-Bacterial Treatment

Introduction: Now a day, antibiotic-resistant bacteria are increasing and became a medical worldwide problem, therefore the achievement of a new safe disinfectant is deemed necessary. Pimpinella anisum (Pa) is an aromatic plant, belonging to the Umbelliferae family. It is a well-known traditional medicinal herb that has been used in old medicine as an antibacterial, anticancer, antiulcer, therefore, the aim of this study is evaluation of the anti-bacterial effect of PA extracts against Probiotics and pathogens bacteria. Method: 96-well microplates MICs were determined by the broth microdilution method. Five Serial dilutions from 50 to 1 μg/mL concentrations were admitted for all bacteria which include: Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and Probiotics complex. Results: PA watery extract demonstrates a statically inhibitory effect in just 50 g/L concentration against E.Coli, E. Faecalis, and Probiotic p= 0.000 for all, whereas this concentration was 25 g/L for Staph. Aureus and Pu p=0.000 and p= 0.007 respectively. PA alcohol extract displays the same effect in 1g/L for all bacteria p= 0.000 for all bacteria. Conclusion: Our results showed that PA in both watery and Alcohol extractions can inhibit both pathogenic and non-pathogen bacteria whereas active compounds are alcohol soluble. Long-time consumption of PA in an herbal product could disrupt normal bacteria of the gastrointestinal system while PA watery extract can promote Probiotics.