Supplemental Material: Miocene stratigraphy and structure of the East Bay Hills, California

Supplemental Materials: 1: Correlation of the Monterey and San Pablo Groups in the East Bay; 2: Ages and correlations of the Contra Costa and San Pablo; 3: The Indian Valley member of the Moraga Formation; 4: Map distribution of the Upper San Pablo Group and Lower Orinda member and inferred displacement across the Divide Ridge fault zone; 5: Analytical data for radiometric dates; and 6: Plate 1: Geologic map of Miocene rocks of the East Bay.

Supplemental Material: Miocene stratigraphy and structure of the East Bay Hills, California

Supplemental Materials: 1: Correlation of the Monterey and San Pablo Groups in the East Bay; 2: Ages and correlations of the Contra Costa and San Pablo; 3: The Indian Valley member of the Moraga Formation; 4: Map distribution of the Upper San Pablo Group and Lower Orinda member and inferred displacement across the Divide Ridge fault zone; 5: Analytical data for radiometric dates; and 6: Plate 1: Geologic map of Miocene rocks of the East Bay.

Supplemental Material: Miocene stratigraphy and structure of the East Bay Hills, California

Supplemental Materials: 1: Correlation of the Monterey and San Pablo Groups in the East Bay; 2: Ages and correlations of the Contra Costa and San Pablo; 3: The Indian Valley member of the Moraga Formation; 4: Map distribution of the Upper San Pablo Group and Lower Orinda member and inferred displacement across the Divide Ridge fault zone; 5: Analytical data for radiometric dates; and 6: Plate 1: Geologic map of Miocene rocks of the East Bay.

Supplemental Material: Miocene stratigraphy and structure of the East Bay Hills, California

Supplemental Materials: 1: Correlation of the Monterey and San Pablo Groups in the East Bay; 2: Ages and correlations of the Contra Costa and San Pablo; 3: The Indian Valley member of the Moraga Formation; 4: Map distribution of the Upper San Pablo Group and Lower Orinda member and inferred displacement across the Divide Ridge fault zone; 5: Analytical data for radiometric dates; and 6: Plate 1: Geologic map of Miocene rocks of the East Bay.

Supplemental Material: Miocene stratigraphy and structure of the East Bay Hills, California

Supplemental Materials: 1: Correlation of the Monterey and San Pablo Groups in the East Bay; 2: Ages and correlations of the Contra Costa and San Pablo; 3: The Indian Valley member of the Moraga Formation; 4: Map distribution of the Upper San Pablo Group and Lower Orinda member and inferred displacement across the Divide Ridge fault zone; 5: Analytical data for radiometric dates; and 6: Plate 1: Geologic map of Miocene rocks of the East Bay.

Supplemental Material: Miocene stratigraphy and structure of the East Bay Hills, California

Supplemental Materials: 1: Correlation of the Monterey and San Pablo Groups in the East Bay; 2: Ages and correlations of the Contra Costa and San Pablo; 3: The Indian Valley member of the Moraga Formation; 4: Map distribution of the Upper San Pablo Group and Lower Orinda member and inferred displacement across the Divide Ridge fault zone; 5: Analytical data for radiometric dates; and 6: Plate 1: Geologic map of Miocene rocks of the East Bay.

Supplemental Material: Miocene stratigraphy and structure of the East Bay Hills, California

Supplemental Materials: 1: Correlation of the Monterey and San Pablo Groups in the East Bay; 2: Ages and correlations of the Contra Costa and San Pablo; 3: The Indian Valley member of the Moraga Formation; 4: Map distribution of the Upper San Pablo Group and Lower Orinda member and inferred displacement across the Divide Ridge fault zone; 5: Analytical data for radiometric dates; and 6: Plate 1: Geologic map of Miocene rocks of the East Bay.

Mesoproterozoic 40Ar–39Ar ages of some lamproites from the Cuddapah Basin and Eastern Dharwar Craton, southern India: implications for diamond provenance of the Banganapalle Conglomerates, age of the Kurnool Group and Columbia tectonics

We report Mesoproterozoic 40Ar–39Ar (whole-rock) ages of lamproites from (i) the Ramadugu field (R4 dyke : 1434 ± 19 Ma and R5 dyke: 1334 ± 12 Ma) and the Krishna field (Pochampalle dyke: 1439 ± 3 Ma and Tirumalgiri dyke: 1256 ± 12 Ma) from the Eastern Dharwar Craton (EDC) and (ii) the Garledinne (1433 ± 8 Ma) and the Chelima (1373 ± 6 Ma) dykes from within the Paleo-Mesoproterozoic Cuddapah Basin, southern India. The ages reported for the Ramadugu and Tirumalgiri lamproites constitute their first radiometric dates. Ages of the Pochampalle and the Chelima lamproites from this study are broadly comparable to their previously reported 40Ar–39Ar (phlogopite) ages of c. 1500 Ma and 1418 ± 8 Ma, respectively. The ages of all these lamproites are much older than those of the (i) c. 1.1 Ga kimberlites from the Wajrakarur and Narayanpet fields of the EDC and (ii) c. 1.09 Ga lamproitic dykes at Zangamarajupalle which intrude the Cumbum Formation of the Cuddapah Basin. However, the age of the Tirumalgiri lamproite (c. 1256 Ma) is similar to that of the Ramannapeta lamproite (c. 1224 Ma) within the Krishna field. Our study provides evidence for protracted ultrapotassic (lamproitic) magmatism from c. 1.43 to 1.1 Ga over a widespread area (c. 2500 km2) in and around the Cuddapah Basin and the EDC. Implications of the obtained new ages for the diamond provenance of the Banganapalle Conglomerates, the age of the Kurnool Group and for the timing of break-up of the Paleo-Mesoproterozoic supercontinent of Columbia/Nuna are explored.

Tyre and its Colonial Expansion

The material evidence recovered in the last years in archaic contexts in the West, as well as new radiometric dates obtained in some of the Phoenician colonies, urge us to revise periodically some hypotheses about the origin, aims, and first stages of the Phoenician expansion into the Mediterranean. The first Phoenician expeditions to the West must have been composed of small groups of merchants, accompanied by genuine experts in smelting, mining, and metallurgy. These were specialists in mining and metallurgical technologies, capable of recognizing the potential of these territories (particularly rich in mining resources) and technically prepared to assess, alloy, and smelt metals from which copper, silver, tin, and gold were obtainable.

Eight New Late Pleistocene/Early Holocene AMS Dates from the Southeastern Baltic

ABSTRACTOnly a limited number of radiometric dates for the Final Palaeolithic and the first half of the Mesolithic are available from the southeastern Baltic. This paper presents eight new Late Pleistocene/Early Holocene radiocarbon accelerator mass spectrometry (14C AMS) ages of osseous artifacts housed at the Kaliningrad Regional Museum of History and Art. These artifacts include one piece of worked reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) antler, three axes of the so-called Lyngby type, one bone point, one uniserial harpoon, one so-called bâton percé antler shaft, and one slotted bone. All the samples were successfully dated and yielded five Late Pleistocene and three Early Holocene ages, including the hitherto earliest age for human occupation in the Eastern Baltic. The dates include not only a surprisingly early date for a bone point (for this region), but also some dates that contradict expected ages based on traditional typological assessment. Our study significantly adds to the still small number of existing absolutely dated artifacts from the region and proposes new ways of viewing the Final Palaeolithic and Early Mesolithic chronology in the southeastern Baltic.