Overdose of Quetiapine—A Case Report with QT Prolongation

Quetiapine is an atypical antipsychotic drug used to treat bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and major depressive disorder. Although several studies describe the adverse effects of intoxication with Quetiapine, only a few report an extreme overdose without comedications that lead to a life threat. We present a case of a 75-year-old male who tried to attempt suicide by ingesting 28 g of Quetiapine. During the management in the emergency department, both serum and urine samples were collected, allowing a complete pharmacokinetic analysis to be conducted, from the admission to the discharge.

The Impact of Early Life War Exposure on Mental Health among Older Adults in Northern and Central Vietnam

Most Vietnamese young adults who experienced the American War were exposed to war-related violence, which can exert a lifelong impact. We analyze survey data collected among northern and central Vietnamese older adults in the 2018 Vietnam Health and Aging Study (N = 2,447) to examine the association between various war traumas, psychological distress, and suicidal ideation. Informed by life course and stress process perspectives, we use structural equation models with multiple mediators to analyze the relationship between mental health outcomes and five types of wartime stress exposure: loss of family and friends, witnessing death, malevolent living conditions, life threat, and moral injury. Our findings reveal enduring mental health impacts of war among survivors. Wartime stress exposure’s influence on mental health is mediated by recent comorbidities and stressful life events. Loss of family members, witnessing death, and malevolent living conditions during war are particularly salient risks for psychological distress.

Introspecting the Role of Gram Panchayat in Structuring Rural Economy: An Experience from Bhograi Block in Odisha during COVID-19

PRIs were established with a hope to strengthen the rural India. But during Covid-19, it was experienced that they were not even able to support for livelihood to the rural people. Even in the midst of pandemic, though there was life threat situation, people migrated to cities in search of their livelihood. In this backdrop, this paper highlights the available livelihood supportive infrastructure, livelihood generating base and livelihood supporting mechanisms and schemes and unutilized natural resources in the Gram Panchayats. Particularly, this paper focuses on the strength of Gram Panchayat’s self fund, schemes and activities excluding central and state government funding and schemes. The work is produced by the data from both primary and secondary sources. And to make it more scientific, both quantitative and qualitative methods are applied. For this work, Bhograi block of the district of Balasore in Odisha has been taken as area of study. From the study, it is experienced that there is available resources lying unutilised but due to lack of interest, attitude, commitment of the local representatives and officials of Gram Panchayat resources can’t be utilized to harness benefits for people creating jobs and engagements. Finally, some remedial measures like behavioural and attitudinal autonomy of the officials, political neutrality, constitution of Panchayat Development Council (PDC) etc. are suggested to over the problem. Keywords: Gram Panchayat, Rural Economy, Bhograi Block, Odisha, COVID-19

Immersion pulmonary oedema in a triathlete – a diagnostic challenge in sports cardiology

Immersion pulmonary oedema, also referred to as swimming-induced pulmonary oedema, is a form of pulmonary oedema which usually occurs during swimming in cold water. The condition is most common in triathlon athletes; it was first reported in military divers. The main symptoms include acute dyspnoea, cough, and occasionally haemoptysis, which usually subside within approximately 48 hours. The pathomechanism is not fully understood, but oedema is suspected to be due to an increased systemic vascular resistance that overloads the left ventricle. The diagnostic process can be challenging and require multiple stages to rule out a number of other possible conditions. In view of the circumstances in which incidents typically occur, immersion pulmonary oedema poses an immediate life threat to individuals involved in selected forms of physical activity, where survival is often determined by appropriate training of medical services.

Phylogenetic and molecular analysis based on genes 16S-rRNA, OMPA and POMP to identify Chlamydia abortus infection occurrence at the milk samples of goats and sheep in west Azerbaijan of Iran

Background and Objectives: Enzootic abortion in sheep and goats, also called ovine enzootic abortion (OEA) or enzootic abortion of ewes (EAE), is caused by Chlamydia abortus. The disease has a major economic impact as it represents the most important cause of lamb loss in sheep in parts of Europe, North America and Africa. This serious and potentially life-threat- ening zoonosis can also affect pregnant women after contact with lambing ewes, leading to severe febrile illness in pregnancy and loss of the foetus. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted to the Phylogenetic and Molecular Analysis based on Genes 16S-rRNA, OmpA and POMP of C. abortus in milk samples collected from sheep and goats in West Azerbaijan province, Iran. During 2018, a total number of 360 milk samples were collected from sheep (n = 180) and goats (n = 180) of different regions of the province. All milk samples were subjected to DNA extraction and examined by PCR. Results: Among 360 milk samples collected from sheep and goats, 31 (8.611%; 95% CI=6.13-11.96) were positive for Chlamydia spp. The helicase, 16S-rRNA and ompA genes were examined and resulted in 8, 31, 31 of positive samples re- spectively. The accession numbers have been deposited in GenBank (NCBI) (MT367602 and MT367603). Conclusion: Phylogenetic analysis based on the gene of helicase showed that most of the isolates shared similarity > 99.97%.

A network perspective on real-life threat: Complex associations between trait and situational anxiety, stress, and individual approach-avoidance tendencies

Anxiety and approach-avoidance conflicts are crucial factors influencing mental and physical health, especially when environments are stressful. Their interplay is modulated by multiple state and trait factors. Therefore, focusing on some specific associations, which represents the dominant approach in most previous work on anxiety and avoidance, can only provide limited insights and does not capture the whole complexity of the interaction patterns between psychological factors. This study applied graph-theoretical network analysis to investigate associations between self-reported trait anxiety, approach and avoidance tendencies, situational anxiety, stress symptoms, perceived threat, perceived positive consequences of approach, and avoidance behavior in situations of real-life threat. 541 participants (218 psychotherapy patients, 323 participants from the general community) completed an online survey assessing threat-related traits and states, and responses towards public situations during the COVID-19 pandemic. The resulting psychological network revealed a complex pattern with positive (e.g., between trait anxiety, avoidance motivation, and avoidance behavior) and negative associations (e.g., between approach and avoidance motivation). The patient and community subsample networks were not significantly different, but descriptive effects may inform future research. Our study shows that network analysis provides a promising tool to get comprehensive insights into complex associations between state and trait factors influencing psychological health.

Delayed post-traumatic stress and memory inflation of life-threatening events following a natural disaster: prospective study

Background The causes of delayed post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are debated, and the validity of late-onset PTSD has been questioned. Aims We aimed to examine predictors of delayed PTSD in a community sample of survivors of a natural disaster. Method Norwegian survivors of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami (n = 532) responded to a questionnaire at 6 and 24 months post-disaster. The questionnaire measured PTSD symptoms, recalled exposure and immediate stress responses to the disaster, recalled perceived life threat, personality dimensions, social support and other subsequent adverse life events. Results When dichotomising PTSD symptom scores, 331 participants had low and 194 had high PTSD scores (early-onset PTSD) at 6 months. Of those with initially low scores, 43 (13.0%) had high symptom scores (delayed PTSD) at 24 months. The delayed PTSD group had a lower degree of initially assessed threat and witness experiences of death or suffering, lower immediate stress response and higher degree of memory inflation of perceived threat than the early-onset PTSD group. Among those with low PTSD scores at 6 months, onset of delayed PTSD was associated with neuroticism and memory inflation of life threat, but not with the degree of initially assessed disaster exposure or reports of subsequent adverse life events. Conclusions Lack of association between trauma exposure and delayed onset of PTSD symptoms casts doubt on whether the traumatic event is actually the primary causative factor for delayed PTSD. Our findings suggest that delayed PTSD may be a manifestation of personality factors and memory inflation of the severity of an event.

Farmer Friendly Solar based Virtual Fencing for Rural Agriculture with Battery Reverse Charge Protection

Solar-based virtual fences use the principle of converting solar energy into electrical energy and giving electric shock while touching the fences. Electronic fence systems are used at many places such as forest areas, farms, etc. To protect those places against animals and thefts solar energy is converted to electrical energy to provide the necessary voltage for electrical fences As the Unregulated DC voltage from the solar energy is converted to regulated DC voltage and further converted to AC voltage using an inverter. And this electrical energy is used to give short but sharp shocks to the animals or anyone who touches the fence, But there is life threat through electrical shocks, as even though it is a short time shock it will be dangerous to life as it electrical energy and there will be chances of death, So we proposed a model of VIRTUAL FENCING technique which protects the farmland by scaring away the animals which tries to enter the fence protected land and at the same time it alerts the owner about the intrusion and lets the owner choose the type of defense to use remotely which is made possible in our model through a GSM module.