The Effects of Hopelessness and Some Variables on Metabolic Syndrome in Schizophrenia Patients

This is a descriptive study conducted to determine the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) in Schizophrenia patients and identify the effects of hopelessness and some variables on MetS. The study was conducted at the Psychiatry Clinic of a university hospital in Turkey between May and August 2020 with 105 schizophrenia patients receiving treatment as inpatients. The data of the study were collected by a Personal Information Form, a Physiological Measurements Form and (BHS). The data were analyzed by using SPSS 25. The mean age of the patients was 35.31 ± 9.07, their mean duration of disease was 11.35 ± 9.07 years, and 60.0% of the patients were using atypical antipsychotics as their latest drug treatment. 42.9% of the patients had MetS, while the mean hopelessness level of those with MetS was 10.84 ± 3.81. It was determined that hopelessness levels and some sociodemographic (age) and clinical variables significantly predicted the MetS status in the schizophrenia patients.

DEDICATED PSYCHIATRY CLINIC FOR INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE PATIENTS HAS A POSITIVE IMPACT ON DEPRESSION SCORES

BACKGROUND: Psychiatric disorders, including anxiety and depression, are significantly more common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. We established an integrated psychiatry clinic for IBD patients at our tertiary center IBD clinic to provide patients with critical, but frequently unavailable, coordinated mental health services. We undertook this study to evaluate the impact of this service on psychiatric outcomes, quality of life, and symptom experience. METHODS: We performed a longitudinal prospective study comparing patients who had been cared for at our integrated IBD-psychiatry clinic to those who had not. We abstracted demographic and clinical information as well as contemporaneous responses to validated surveys. RESULTS: Thirty-six patients cared for in the IBD-psychiatry clinic were compared to a control cohort of thirty-five IBD patients. There was a significant reduction in the HADS depression score over time in the study cohort (p=0.001), though not in the HADS anxiety score. When compared to the control group, the study cohort showed a significant reduction in the HADS depression score. No significant differences were observed in the HBI, SCCAI or SIBDQ. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to evaluate the impact of an integrated psychiatry clinic for IBD patients. Unlike their control counterparts, individuals treated in this clinic had a significant reduction in mean HADS depression score. Larger scale studies are necessary to verify these findings. However, this study suggests that use of an integrated psychiatry-IBD clinic model can result in improvement in mental health outcomes, even in the absence of significant changes in IBD activity.

Trends of Mental Disorders and Treatment Continuity Predictors of New Patients in the Paediatric Psychiatry Clinic of a University Hospital

This study analysed trends of first-time patients visiting the paediatric psychiatry clinic in a university hospital. The medical records from 2009 to 2016 of first-time patients visiting the Kyung Hee University Hospital were reviewed, focusing on children in grades 1–12. We analysed the clinical diagnosis rate of mental disorders per 100,000 in the general population by gender and grade, and the characteristics of patients who sought outpatient care more than three times. The study included 1467 participants, of which 931 were males (63.5%). The number of male patients per 100,000 population significantly decreased from 4.14 in 2009 to 2.03 in 2016. While hyperkinetic disorders had the highest prevalence in males, neurotic disorders were most frequent in females. The rate of disruptive behaviour disorders in males and mental retardation in females decreased significantly during the data collecting period. The factors affecting treatment continuity were being female, 7th–12th graders, and diagnosis of depressive, hyperkinetic, and tic disorders. Physicians should consider the new paediatric patients’ gender, grade, and expected diagnosis from their first visit to improve treatment compliance.

Profile of sleep pattern, psychiatric comorbidity and problematic electronic gadget use in children and adolescents with autism and ADHD

AimsTo assess the profile of Sleep pattern, Psychiatric comorbidity and problematic electronic gadget use and explore demographic factors and correlations in children and adolescents with ADHD and Autism.Hypothesis: There are statistically significant problems and associations across sleep pattern, psychiatric comorbidity and gadget use in children and adolescents with autism and ADHD.BackgroundLiterature highlights increasing global trends and emerging concerns over the problematic use of electronic gadgets and sleep related problems in children and adolescents with autism and ADHD. There is sparse literature on the profile of sleep patterns, psychiatry comorbidity and problematic gadget use in children and adolescents with autism and ADHD from developing countries.MethodThis was an observational study conducted at the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Clinic, Department of Psychiatry at a tertiary care Institution under the STS ICMR Project 2019 with Institutional Ethics Clearance. Apriori Sample size calculated was 70. Children and adolescents diagnosed with autism or ADHD as per ICD 10 criteria, fulfilling the inclusion criteria and willing to participate in the study were included. Informed consent was obtained from caregivers. Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children, Self Designed Parent based Problematic Electronic Gadget Use Scale, Vanderbilt ADHD scale, Indian scale for Assessment of Autism and the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Clinic structured Performa were the tools for data collection. The results were analyzed with descriptive tests, chi square test and multiple logistic regressions using SPSS.ResultMean age of the sample was 9.1 years and majority (57%) were boys. Forty nine patients had ADHD and 21 patients had Autism. Problematic gadget use was higher in children ranging from 6 to 15 years of age and 12.8% had severe levels of problematic gadget use. 34.3% patients experienced severe problems in initiating and maintaining sleep. Oppositional-Defiant disorder was the most common comorbidity, predominantly inattentive type (76.4%) was the most common subtype of ADHD and mild autism (54.3%) was the most common type of autism in the sample. There were statistically significant associations (p < 0.05) between age and gadget use; hyperactive subtype of ADHD and problems with initiating and maintaining sleep and ADHD subtype, sex profile and problematic gadget use.ConclusionWe conclude that sleep problems, psychiatric comorbidity and problematic gadget use are prevalent with statistically significant associations in children and adolescents with autism and ADHD as per our study findings. Our study has relevant clinical, research and policy implications.

A Case of Pica on a 6–Year-Old Child from Medan

BACKGROUND: In 2013, in the feeding and eating disorder category of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), pica was included as a diagnosis. Eating one or more non-nutritious, non-food substances continuously for at least 1 month is an important characteristic of pica. Children who participate in pica eat products that differ greatly but also include paper, plastic, fabric, dirt, paint, rocks, soap, and cigarette butts. This purpose of this case report is to determine the symptoms and diagnosis of pica in child. CASE REPORT: A 6-year-old girl was brought to the Psychiatry Clinic of North Sumatera University Hospital with her mother due to her unusual behavior of eating stuff including paper, sawdust, crayon, cloth, and ice cubes. This on since the little girl was 3 years of age. One week earlier, the little girl experienced diarrhea before being admitted to the psychiatry clinic. In this case, the diagnosis of pica used the DSM-5 criteria. CONCLUSION: We hope that this case report about pica can figure out more about this particularly unusual behavior, which can occur even in normal children in which parental neglect may precipitate its occurrence. As clinicians, we can detect the symptoms and signs of pica in children to prevent further complications.

Prevalence of Diagnosis and Treatment Continuity Predictors of New Patients in a Paediatric Psychiatry Clinic

This study analysed trends of first-time patients visiting the paediatric psychiatry clinic in a university hospital. The medical records from 2009 to 2016 of first-time patients visiting the Kyung Hee university hospital were reviewed, focusing on children in grades 1&ndash;12. We analysed the prevalence rate of psychiatric disorders per 100,000 general populations by gender and grade, and the characteristics of patients who sought outpatient care more than three times. The study included 1,467 participants, of which 931 were males (63.5%). The number of male patients per 100,000 populations significantly decreased from 4.14 in 2009 to 2.03 in 2016. While hyperkinetic disorders had the highest prevalence in males, neurotic disorders were most frequent in females. Prevalence of disruptive behaviour disorders in males and mental retardations in females decreased significantly during the study period. The factors affecting continuity were being female, studying in grades 7&ndash;12, and diagnosis of depressive, hyperkinetic, and tic disorders. Physicians should consider the new paediatric patients&rsquo; gender, grade, and expected diagnosis from their first visit to improve treatment compliance.