Fish oil suppresses obesity more potently in lean mice than in diet-induced obese mice but ameliorates steatosis in such obese mice

ABSTRACT This study sought to clarify the antiobesity effects of fish oil (FO) in terms of prevention and amelioration. An isocaloric diet composed of lard or FO was given to lean C57BL/6J mice for the study of prevention and high-fat diet-induced obese (DIO) mice for the study of amelioration for 4 weeks. Body weight gain and food efficiency were potently suppressed by FO in lean mice compared to lard diet-fed mice. Uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) expression in inguinal white adipose tissue (WAT) was also significantly induced by FO in lean mice. FO also suppressed body weight gain and food efficiency in DIO mice but did not reduce body weight. FO ameliorated liver steatosis in DIO mice by mildly inducing UCP-1 in inguinal WAT. FO suppressed obesity more potently in lean mice than in DIO mice but ameliorated steatosis in the DIO mice.

Mesoporous silica with precisely controlled pores reduces food efficiency and suppresses weight gain in mice

Aim: Obesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. We aimed to elucidate the effects of distinct mesoporous silica particles (MSPs) supplemented in food on metabolic parameters in obesity. Materials & methods: MSPs with precisely controlled pore size were synthesized, characterized and compared with a control in a C57Bl/6 mouse diet-induced obesity model, studying weight, adiposity, metabolic regulation and food efficiency. Results: The most effective MSPs reduced adipose tissue formation to 6.5 ± 0.5 g compared with 9.4 ± 1.2 g, leptin levels nearly halved from 32.8 ± 7.4 to 16.9 ± 1.9 ng/ml and a 33% reduction of food efficiency. Control MSP showed no effects. Conclusion: Results demonstrate potential of distinct MSPs to improve metabolic risk factors. Further studies investigating mechanism of action and confirming human safety are needed.

Assessment and Biomonitoring of the Effect of Rapeseeds Oil on Wister Rat Organs

Rapeseed oil is one of the important and cheapest vegetable oil in Bangladesh and many other countries. It is commonly used as cooking oil in Bangladesh particularly in rural areas and also used as other food items. This study evaluated the physiological effects of four type’s rapeseeds namely Mustard (Wild), Mustard (hybrid), Rai (Wild), Rai (hybrid) oil on six strains of bacteria in addition to studying the effects of two varieties of rapeseeds oil Mustard (Wild) and Rai (hybrid) oil on Wistar rat’s organs including liver, kidney, heart and skeletal muscles. Firstly, we examined the effects of these Rapeseeds oil on bacteria and found that these Rapeseeds oils possess antibacterial activities. Six bacterial strains such as B. subtilis, S. lutea, X. campestris, E. coli, K. Pneumonia, P. denitrificans was used to test the effect of these rapeseeds oil and observed that rapeseed oil showed inhibition against tested microorganisms in a concentration-dependent manner. Finally, the effects of oil obtained from these two varieties were investigated after feeding rats for 8 weeks. Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups, each group contains 4 rats. Group A was considered as control diet group, while Group B was mustard (Wild) oil group and Group C was Rai (hybrid) oil group. Group A was containing 0.6 gram oil plus 14.4gm diet. We found that rats of both experimental groups exhibit weight loss, reduction of food efficiency ratio and increase cardiac and hepatic enzymes including CK-MB, ALP, SGPT and SGOT compared to the rats fed controlled diet. Furthermore, we also found that the body weight loss, food efficiency ratio markedly decreased and tested enzymes increased in rats fed Mustard (Wild) oil compared to rat fed Rai (hybrid) oil.

The Use of Blood Flour as a Substitute for Fish Meal in Feed of BEST Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

This research was aimed to determine the optimum level of inclusion of blood flour in feed formulaton of Nile Tilapia as a substitute for fish meal. The materials of this research are a feed and Nile Tilapia with an average weight of 17 g of a total of 120 fingerling. The experiment design has been conducted were completely random design with 5 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments are the substitution of fish meal with the blood flour of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. Spesific growth rate, the mount of feed consumption, food efficiency, survival rate, and water quality has been evaluated. The results of research showed that spesific growth rate and food efficiency were significantly different between treatments (P<0.05), and the highest of spesific growth rate and food efficiency there are on treatment D (the substitution of fish meal with the blood flour of 75%) each 1.75% and 63.45%. The lowest of spesific growth rate and food efficiency there are on treatment A (the substitution of fish meal with the blood flour of 0%) each 1.42% and 48.98%. The blood fluor as a substitution of fish meal in artificial feed for Nile Tilapia can substitute the fish meal of 100% with level of inclusion of 9% in feed formulation. The combination between the blood fluor and fish meal give the best of growth performance and feed efficiency. Key words: Nile Tilapia, feed efficiency, survival rate, growth rate

PEMANFAATAN CAMPURAN BUAH NANAS, AIR CUCIAN BERAS, DAN GULA SEBAGAI SUMBER KARBON PADA MEDIA PEMELIHARAAN IKAN LELE ( Clarias sp ) DENGAN SISTEM BIOFLOK

ABSTRACTBiofloc technology needs carbon sources to biofloc forming. The objective of this research is the effect of pineapple,rice-washing liquid, and sugar mixture as carbon sources to the rearing media of catfish that will be cultured with biofloc system. This reseach conducted for 30 days from April to May 2016 in the Perumahan Yusuf Halim Pondok Ijo, Jalan Lintas Timur KM 32 Indralaya, Kabupaten Ogan Ilir Provinsi Sumatra Selatan. This Research is using completely randomized design which are contained by 4 treatments and 3 replication the treatments are carbon sources from molase with C/N 15 Ratio (P0), carbon sources from mixture of pineapple, rice-washing liquid and sugar with C/N 10 Ratio (P1), C/N 15 Ratio (P2), C/N 20 Ratio (P3). The parameter are survival rate, growth, food efficiency and water quality.Keywords : Biofloc, Catfish, Pineapple, rice-washing liquid, Sugar, C/N Ratio