Directed Energy Beam Weapons the Dawn of a New Military Age

Aftermath of “Havana Syndrome” that took place in Cuba, at around 2016 – 2017 time-frame, where American diplomat got mysterious sickness, the dawn of a new military age was born, where directed energy weapons in form waves are now in play. Among concerned government agencies, they still cannot find the source of the sickness except, stating that whatever was the cause, it is unnatural source, but rather man-made weapons in form of high microwave beam weapon. However, this author with this short review is going to show a different perspective of directed energy beam weapons, knowingly that this type weapons are not anything new and scientist and engineer, at national laboratories, department of energy and defense level including some universities nation-wide have been involved with research and development of such direct energy weapons. The battles of tomorrow are not going to take place with speed of bullet or artillery shell, but rather will be fought with speed of light and electron, and that is why the new military age presents itself along with new innovative technologies that is discussed here in this short review. For purpose beam weapons as directed energy we are not taking under consideration, the high power energy laser, since it is beyond the scope of this short review, however we focus on wave frequencies that are falling within high power microwave bandwidth and we introduce another beam weapon’s concept that is known as scalar wave, which we know it as longitudinal scalar wave, that possibly can justify the above sickness caused by the unnatural source, which falls within a man-made source of energy that can travel long distance and penetrated even through Faraday’s cage and any other obstacle in front of very similar to behavior and characteristic of soliton wave. Whatever covert sound or high energy acoustic or wave weapon this man-made phenomena was or is will be discussed in this report with some means of science physics behind it. All scientific discussion in this short review is presentation of this author period

Power transport efficiency during O-X-B 2nd harmonic electron cyclotron heating in a helicon linear plasma device

The principal objective of this work is to report on the power coupled to a tungsten target in the Proto-MPEX device during oblique injection of a microwave beam (< 70 kW at 28 GHz) into a high-power (~100 kW at 13.56 MHz) over-dense (n_e>1×10^19 m^(-3)) deuterium helicon plasma column. The experimental setup, electron heating system, electron heating scheme, and IR thermographic diagnostic for quantifying the power transport is described in detail. It is demonstrated that the power transported to the target can be effectively controlled by adjusting the magnetic field profile. Using this method, heat fluxes up to 22 MWm-2 and power transport efficiencies in the range of 17-20% have been achieved using 70 kW of microwave power. It is observed that most of the heat flux is confined to narrow region at the plasma periphery. Ray-tracing calculations are presented which indicate that power is coupled to the plasma electrons via an O-X-B mode conversion process. Calculations indicate that the microwave power is absorbed in a single pass at the plasma periphery via collisions and in the over-dense region via 2nd harmonic cyclotron resonance of the electron Bernstein wave. The impact of these results is discussed in the context of MPEX.

Percutaneous Microwave Coagulation Therapy: A Promising Therapeutic Method for Breaking the Barrier of the Intertumor Heterogeneity

Intertumor heterogeneity is common in various cancers and has been widely accepted as the primary cause of the diversity and variation of the effect of the same treatment on patients with the same type of tumor. Percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy (PMCT) is a minimally invasive and effective approach for destroying tumors by microwave beam under image guidance, which has been applied in lung cancer. However, no previous study has investigated the capability of PMCT solving intertumor heterogeneity. Here, we performed a component analysis of four lung cancer patients’ tumor microenvironment (TME) via single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and treated all four cases with PMCT. One patient’s TME could be classified into a hot tumor, mainly proinflammatory cytokines, and T cell infiltration. The other three patients’ TMEs were cold tumors, where immunosuppressive cells occupied a large proportion, including tumor-associated macrophages and cancer cells. Despite a high level of heterogeneity among their tumor microenvironment compositions, disease type and stage, and basic physical conditions, all four patients presented a stable disease (SD) without any cancer cell detected in the TME of cancer tissues after PMCT. In conclusion, this report uniquely contributed to the knowledge of the PMCT adaptation to tumor heterogeneity. Therefore, PMCT is promising to demonstrate a stable and robust antitumor efficacy in unresectable lung cancers with various TMEs.

Microwave Technology for Hybrid Fabrication Processes

This paper aims to present how the microwave technology can be used in the development of hybrid joining and microjoining technologies for composites materials in order to increase productivity and quality of the welds. The paper is mainly focused on conceptualization of various types of hybrid processes by coupling a microwave beam with conventional thermal source such as arc welding, laser welding, 3D printing and others. The concepts presented in this paper will be completed with sensing solution for sensing and automation of the processes.

Composite Polymer for Hybrid Activity Protective Panel in Microwave Generation of Composite Polytetrafluoroethylene -Rapana Thomasiana

During the microwave sintering of a polymer-ceramic composite plasma discharge is experienced. The discharge could occur failure of the power source. The solution proposed by the paper is original, no similar solutions being presented by the literature. It consists of using a polymer-ceramic composite protective panel, to stop the plasma discharge to the entrance of the guiding tunnel. Six composites resulted by combining three polymers, Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), STRATITEX composite and Polyvinylchloride (PVC) with two natural ceramics containing calcium carbonate: Rapana Thomasiana (RT) sea-shells and beach sand were used to build the protective panel.Theoretical balance of the power to the panel was analysed and the thermal field was determined. It was applied heating using 0.6-1.2-1.8-2.4-3.0 kW microwave beam power. The panels were subjected to heating with and without material to be sintered. It was analyzed: RT chemical (CaCO3 as Calcite and Aragonite), burned area (range: 200–4000 mm2) and penetration (range: 1.6–5.5 mm), and thermal analysis of the burned areas comparing to the original data. PTFE-RT composite proved the lowest penetration to 0.6 and 1.2 kW. Other 1.2 kW all composites experienced vital failures. Transformation of the polymer matrix of composite consisted of slightly decreasing of the phase shifting temperature and of slightly increasing of the melting start and liquidus temperature.

Prospects for the use of a microwave electromagnetic field for the creation of an ecological technology for the production of firing materials and the development of microwave energy

The article considers the causes of environmental problems in the energy sector. The increased demand for energy resources and the increasing shortage of natural fuels are leading to the search for renewable energy sources. The prospects of energy transmission by microwave radiation without wires as an alternative to traditional energy sources are considered. The article provides information on the results of research on obtaining a high level of energy transfer by a microwave beam from a geostationary orbit to the earth's surface in the near future, as well as developments in the field of creating a solar space power plant (SSP). The results of research on the sintering of inorganic substances in an electromagnetic field are presented, the prospects for this direction in materials science are considered. The results of sintering natural raw materials in a microwave field are considered. The formation of nanoscale phases in sintered compositions has been established. The effect of a low-melting mineralizing additive on the sintering process is shown. The increased strength characteristics of the samples obtained by high-speed firing in the microwave electromagnetic field, the prospects for developments in this direction for various types of materials are noted.