Strandings of sea turtles on beaches around the oil capital in Brazil

The south-western region of the Atlantic Ocean has feeding and nesting areas for the five species of sea turtles registered in Brazil, which are in different degrees of extinction threat, mainly due to anthropogenic factors. Fishing and the ingestion of solid waste, were identified as causing stranding and the mortality of sea turtles. In this work, data from the monitoring of beaches in the Municipalities of Macaé and Rio das Ostras, important oil zone in Brazil, in the north-central region of the State of Rio de Janeiro, were used in order to analyse the effects of seasonality on the sea turtle stranding. The monitoring was carried out daily from September 2017 to June 2019, in a study area covering 23.8 km long beach. Stranding data were obtained from active (n = 126) and passive (n = 66) monitoring of beaches and included the records of Chelonia mydas (n = 151), Caretta caretta (n = 23), Lepidochelys olivacea (n = 14), Dermochelys coriacea (n = 2) and Eretmochelys imbricata (n = 1). The largest stranding record occurred in the summer (n = 61) and spring (n = 60), a period compatible with the reproductive season of the species. The results obtained in this study emphasise the importance of the analysis of strandings of sea turtles, which provide relevant data on the biology of the group, the intra and interspecific dynamics and the state of conservation of these animals.

Liquefaction Potential Determination and Hazard Mapping Based on Standard Penetration Tests in Long Beach and Tuzla Regions of Cyprus

This study proposes an improved and precise liquefaction risk index for the evaluation and translation of outcomes into maps to establish susceptible liquefiable areas. Cyprus is the third largest and populated island in the Mediterranean Sea, which is rapidly expanding in every way. Significant infrastructures, such as hotels, educational institutions, and large residential complexes are being built. Historically, two major earthquakes with magnitudes of 6.5 Mw struck the island in 1953 and 1996. Potential liquefaction areas have been detected on the island's east coast as a result of these significant earthquakes. In this case study, the liquefaction potential of Tuzla and Long Beach in the northern part of Cyprus is estimated using the standard penetration test (SPT) data from more than 200 boreholes at different locations at the sites. The overall results are presented in a liquefaction risk index obtained from the factor of safety (FS) coefficient. It is clear that both study areas are susceptible to liquefaction. Thus, risk index maps are prepared to identify susceptible liquefiable areas. In addition, the average factor of the safety line was introduced for both sites to create a correlation between the liquefaction risk area and FS values of every borehole. It is clear that the adopted approach precisely provides the suspected depth of the liquefiable soil layer when compared with the risk index maps. Additionally, the results prove that the liquefaction potential must be considered during the design stage of new infrastructure in these areas.

Changing impacts of Alaska-Aleutian subduction zone tsunamis in California under future sea-level rise

The amplification of coastal hazards such as distant-source tsunamis under future relative sea-level rise (RSLR) is poorly constrained. In southern California, the Alaska-Aleutian subduction zone has been identified as an earthquake source region of particular concern for a worst-case scenario distant-source tsunami. Here, we explore how RSLR over the next century will influence future maximum nearshore tsunami heights (MNTH) at the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach. Earthquake and tsunami modeling combined with local probabilistic RSLR projections show the increased potential for more frequent, relatively low magnitude earthquakes to produce distant-source tsunamis that exceed historically observed MNTH. By 2100, under RSLR projections for a high-emissions representative concentration pathway (RCP8.5), the earthquake magnitude required to produce >1 m MNTH falls from ~Mw9.1 (required today) to Mw8.0, a magnitude that is ~6.7 times more frequent along the Alaska-Aleutian subduction zone.

602. Intravenous Push Versus Intravenous Piggyback Administration of Cephalosporin Antibiotics: Impact on Safety, Workflow, and Cost

Background IV piggyback (IVPB) infusion has been the standard method of administration of IV antibiotics since the 1970s. Literature has demonstrated that the IV push (IVP) method has similar pharmacokinetic exposures and risk for complications as short infusion IVPB, and may have potential benefits. The primary objective is to evaluate the incidence of infusion-related complications in patients receiving cefazolin, ceftriaxone, and cefepime administered via IVP versus short infusion IVPB at the Veteran Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System. The secondary objectives include evaluating the time-to-onset of complications, time-to-first-dose combination vancomycin in the emergency department (ED), cost, and nursing and pharmacy staff preference between IVP and IVPB. Methods This is a retrospective, single-center cohort study. Patients who received ceftriaxone, cefepime, or cefazolin between April 1st, 2019 – December 31st, 2019, and April 1st, 2020 – December 31st, 2020 were included. Patients who received the study antibiotics via IVPB during the IVP period were excluded. Statistical analyses were performed using the chi-square, fisher’s exact, Mann-Whitney U, and unpaired t-tests where appropriate. Complications associated with IVP or IVPB administration were assessed via chart review of electronic health records. Surveys to nursing and pharmacy staff were distributed using Microsoft Forms. Results 366 treatment episodes were evaluated for 355 unique patients. Complications occurred in 13 out of 183 (7.1%) treatment episodes in the IVP group compared to 18 out of 183 (9.8%) treatment episodes in the IVPB group (P = 0.35). The median time to complications was 2 days for both groups. IVP cefepime and ceftriaxone reduced the median time-to-first-dose vancomycin in the ED by 25 minutes. The use of cefazolin, ceftriaxone, and cefepime as IVP yielded a quarterly cost savings of &38,890.04. 55% of nursing staff and 85% of pharmacy staff prefer IVP administration for cefazolin, ceftriaxone, and cefepime. Conclusion Cefazolin, ceftriaxone, and cefepime given as IVP were observed to be as safe as IVPB while reducing time-to-first dose vancomycin in the ED and cost, and is the preferred method of administration among nursing and pharmacy staff. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Mapping E-Commerce Locally and Beyond: CITT K12 Special Investigation Project

As all aspects of the American workplace become automated or digitally enhanced to some degree, K12 educators have an increasing responsibility to help their students acquire the technical skills necessary to organize and interpret information. Increasingly, this is done through Geographic Information Systems (GIS), especially in careers related to transportation and logistics. The Center for International Trade & Transportation (CITT) at CSU Long Beach has developed this K12 Special Investigation Project to introduce ArcGIS StoryMaps, an engaging, accessible and sophisticated web-based GIS application. The lessons center on e-commerce and its accompanying environmental and economic impact. Still, the activities can be easily adapted to projects in any subject area, such as humanities, science, math, or language arts. This teacher blueprint includes a teacher training guide with ten detailed lesson plans and activities. With the guidance of a National Board-Certified Teacher in Early Adolescence Math as lead instructor, the curriculum is designed to align with Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS). Also, exploration of STEM and GIS-related careers are incorporated into the lesson plans.

The Right to Have Digital Rights in Smart Cities

New data-driven technologies in global cities have yielded potential but also have intensified techno-political concerns. Consequently, in recent years, several declarations/manifestos have emerged across the world claiming to protect citizens’ digital rights. In 2018, Barcelona, Amsterdam, and NYC city councils formed the Cities’ Coalition for Digital Rights (CCDR), an international alliance of global People-Centered Smart Cities—currently encompassing 49 cities worldwide—to promote citizens’ digital rights on a global scale. People-centered smart cities programme is the strategic flagship programme by UN-Habitat that explicitly advocates the CCDR as an institutionally innovative and strategic city-network to attain policy experimentation and sustainable urban development. Against this backdrop and being inspired by the popular quote by Hannah Arendt on “the right to have rights”, this article aims to explore what “digital rights” may currently mean within a sample consisting of 13 CCDR global people-centered smart cities: Barcelona, Amsterdam, NYC, Long Beach, Toronto, Porto, London, Vienna, Milan, Los Angeles, Portland, San Antonio, and Glasgow. Particularly, this article examines the (i) understanding and the (ii) prioritisation of digital rights in 13 cities through a semi-structured questionnaire by gathering 13 CCDR city representatives/strategists’ responses. These preliminary findings reveal not only distinct strategies but also common policy patterns.

Efforts and Changes Around School Libraries in Sweden Today: When Great Things are Happening… How Do We Communicate with Authorities and Decision Makers?

As the IASL conference themes in Long Beach (2017), Istanbul (2018), and Dubrovnik (2019) have influenced progression, impact, and innovation around school libraries, it is interesting to focus on how ordinary school librarians best adopt fields where communication on a higher level marks the spot! The theme for this paper will work as a useful contribution to different methods, practically applied in Sweden for over ten years. Methods of communication that function as an inspiration to the higher governmental work and processes for school libraries, both on a national and international level. A wider scale on the following topics will be presented - mainly to create a developed knowledge adapted for school libraries. Knowledge ready to be transformed when participants return to their homes, communicating with their own contacts responsible for school libraries.