Exploring the Ethnopharmaceutical Plants of Osing Tribe in Banyuwangi Regency: Potential Application for COVID-19 Therapy

Ethnopharmacy is the study on herbs or plants that certain ethnic groups practice for treating particular illness. Scientific reporting of beneficial therapeutic plants through this study could promote further development of herbal medicines. We conducted an ethnopharmacy study at several villages of Osing tribe located in Banyuwangi, Indonesia, to identify plants that have the potential to be tested for certain bioactivity, in this case, for COVID-19 therapy. The snowball and purposive sampling methods using qualitative and quantitative research with semi-structured interviews and questionnaires were applied for this study. The parameters used were the Use Value (UV), Informant Consensus Factor (ICF), and Fidelity Level (FL). The plants used in this study were obtained and determined at Balai Konservasi Tumbuhan Kebun Raya Purwodadi, the Indonesian Institute of Science. The results were then followed by the literature study on the plants’ potential for COVID-19 therapy. Plant exploration was obtained by considering the results of UV calculation. Based on UV calculations in ethnopharmacy studies, there are several plants that are considered essential and have more efficacies. They are temulawak, turmeric, suruh, gigen-gigen, mating, anggrek merpati and pace. Three of the eight plants potentially possess immunomodulatory activity that can be used to prevent the infections of SARS-CoV-2. They are the temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza), turmeric (Curcuma domestica) and gigen-gigen (Centella asiatica).

Herbaceous flora from Daund Tehsil of Pune District (M.S.), India

The regional floristic studies are very important and it can be achieved by exploration of smaller areas. This is useful in the revision of existing flora. In present paper an account of herbaceous flora from Daund Tahsil of Pune District of Maharashtra state excluding trees and aquatics are highlighted. This region experiences semi-arid climate. Plant exploration was conducted to determine herbaceous plant species in Daund Tahsil. Herbaceous flora includes 348 species of Angiosperms. Out of 348 species, 241 species are belonging to Dicotyledons while 107 species are of Monocotyledons. The status of species, population and ecological diversity form the baseline information. The family Poaceae (48 Species), Asteraceae (43 Species) and Fabaceae (37 Species) are dominant families of herbaceous flora in Daund Tahsil.

MOBILIZATION OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES FROM THE TERRITORIES OF INDONESIA, SRI LANKA (CEYLON) AND NEPAL

The article is dedicated to the mobilization of plant genetic resources from the territories of Indonesia, Sri Lanka (Ceylon) and Nepal to VIR’s collection by means of collecting explorations, germplasm requests and the exchange of accessions. The first, the longest and the only pre-war expedition to Indonesia and Ceylon was undertaken by Prof. V. V. Markovich; it lasted three years (1926–1928). He explored Java, Singapore and Ceylon, where he collected 772 germplasm samples. In 1957, D. V. Ter-Avanesyan, who worked as an agricultural attaché at the USSR Embassy in India, familiarized himself in every detail with plant resources and agriculture in Nepal. The late 1960s were marked by intensification of plant genetic resources introduction and new opportunities to organize regular collecting missions. In the period from 1960 to 1991, there were five plant exploration trips to Indonesia, Sri Lanka (Ceylon) and Nepal. In 1960, D. V. Ter-Avanesyan visited scientific institutions in Java, got acquainted with the main trends in agriculture, and collected 302 plant samples. In 1974, A. G. Lyakhovkin took part in a specialized collecting mission launched to study and collect wild forms and cultivars of rice and various other crops from Nepal. The team visited 16 experiment stations and farms and collected 1170 accessions. In 1985, an expedition team led by E. F. Molchanov collected and studied wild and cultivated forms of subtropical plants in Sri Lanka. The team visited 5 institutes and experiment stations, 3 botanical gardens, and collected 370 accessions. In 1988, another collecting team led by L. A. Burmistrov, whose task was to study the system of nation-wide projects on crop improvement, traveled over four provinces, visited 11 scientific and academic institutions of Nepal, and collected 766 germplasm samples. The last collecting trip to Indonesia was led by N. G. Musatenko in 1991. The team collected 95 varieties and wild forms. In total, the Institute’s collecting and exploration activities in Indonesia, Sri Lanka (Ceylon) and Nepal added 3496 accessions to its collections. In addition to direct collecting in Indonesia, Sri Lanka (Ceylon) and Nepal, VIR has always been replenishing its holdings by seed requests. During the whole pre-war period, from 1925 through 1941, 256 germplasm accessions were added. All in all, from 1948 through 2018, 104 accessions were introduced from Indonesia, Sri Lanka (Ceylon) and Nepal. The greatest number of accessions received by the Institute represented groat crops (over 1400), followed by wheat and barley (458), and industrial crops (627). In total, during the whole period of its existence, the Institute has mobilized 3843 accessions, representing 377 plant species.

Identifikasi tumbuhan dalam masakan tradisional urap-urap sebagai materi penyusunan buku referensi taksonomi tumbuhan

One of the conservation efforts that needs to be implemented is plant exploration activities as local wisdom. There are various forms of local wisdom and one of them is traditional cuisine. This study aims to identify the types of plants used in traditional East Javanese cuisine, namely urap-urap. The types of plants that were identified obtained from the interview to the informant using an interview guide. Plant identification is done through direct observation using the observation sheet and the results compared with a reference scientific identification. Data were analyzed by descriptive qualitative. The results showed that there were 13 types of plants identified in traditional cuisine namely urap-urap, four types including the Monocotyledonae class and nine other types were members of the Dicotyledonae class. The 13 types of plants include Allium cepa, Allium sativum, Capsicum anuum, Capsicum frutescens, Citrus hystrix, Vigna radiata, Vigna sinensis, Ipomoea reptans, Cocos nucifera, Ocimum sanctum, Caempferia galanga, Cucumis sativus, and Caricaaya. This research concludes that 13 types of plants have been identified in traditional Javanese ointment which is Monocotyledonae and Dicotyledonae classes.

New Plant Records to the Flora of Haryana

During the field survey and plant exploration tour of Morni Hills, Panchkula, Haryana, the authors collected about 2200 field numbers (980 species) during different seasons, out of them 53 species were not reported in the floristic documentation before. The present paper enumerates 53 plant species which are new to the flora of Haryana. Morphological characters, flowering and fruiting time along with ecological notes have also been provided.

Medicinal Plants of Morni Hills, Shivalik Range, Panchkula, Haryana

During plant exploration and survey of Morni Hills, Panchkula, Haryana (2017-2018) the authors collected about 2200 field numbers from different localities. Out of them, 323 species belonging to 251 genera and 92 families are medicinal plants. The information about medicinal properties of these plants has been gathered during field trips of Morni Hills from local vaidyas and local people of remote localities. The enumeration is alphabetically arranged, followed by their family names, local/common names, plant parts used for curing diseases and medicinal uses. These plant species are utilized by local people against various diseases in Morni Hills area.

Keanekaragaman Tumbuhan yang Berpotensi sebagai Bahan Pangan di Hutan Lindung Pulau Panjang Jepara Jawa Tengah

Panjang Isaland is small island in Jepara, Central Java province, with covers about 19,73 ha areas but information on plant biodiversity especially, which has potency as source of foodstuff is still limited. For that reason a plant exploration and inventory in this area has been done in forest protected Panjang Island. Nineteen species of edible plant have been recorded, and they consist of fruits (6 species), vegetables (7 species) and tuber (6 species). Of these species have not all used by local communities to fulfill their food needs. Need to be introduced to local communities the potential of edible plants in Panjang Island in order to support the efforts of food independence in Indonesia.