Synthesis and Study the Properties of a Solar Cell of Gold Nanoparticles Prepared in a Simple Chemical Way

The aim of this study is to prepare gold nanoparticles by a simple chemical method at a temperature of 70°C. The solution was dried on glass basest by Casting method, the rate of five drops per sample At a temperature 100 C. Then the structural and optical properties have been confirmed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron microscope (TEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and spectrum.

New approaches in the process of crystallization of sucrose in the production of sweets with fondant bodies

Конфеты на основе помадных корпусов пользуются большим спросом у населения. Расширение ассортимента конфет и совершенствование технологии является актуальной проблемой. Актуальными остаются вопросы по расширению ассортимента популярных конфет с сохранением качества не только на производстве, но и при хранении изучение процессов, протекающих при хранении конфет с помадными корпусами, остаются в фокусе научных интересов исследователей. Поставленные задачи наиболее актуальны в производстве конфет на основе помадных корпусов - энергетически неустойчивых систем, имеющих высокую концентрацию сахарозы (более 80 %), простой химический состав, что является причиной быстрой потери потребительских свойств в процессе хранения. Решение указанных проблем возможно за счет введения в рецептуру продуктов переработки амаранта Amaranthus cruentus. Частицы порошка шрота амаранта, являясь влагоудерживающими компонентами, играют также роль компонентов кристаллизации сахарозы в высокопересыщенных растворах. Sweets based on fondant bodies are in great demand among the population. Expanding the assortment of sweets and improving technology is an urgent problem. Questions on expanding the assortment of popular sweets while maintaining quality not only in production, but during storage remain topical. The study of the processes occurring during the storage of sweets with fondant bodies remains in the focus of the scientific interests of researchers. The tasks set are most relevant in the production of sweets based on fondant bodies - energetically unstable systems with a high concentration of sucrose (more than 80 %), a simple chemical composition, which is the reason for the rapid loss of consumer properties during storage. The solution of these problems is possible due to the introduction of Amaranthus cruentus amaranth processed products into the formulation. Particles of amaranth meal powder, being water-retaining components, also play the role of components of crystallization of sucrose in highly supersaturated solutions.

Applications of Chitin in Medical, Environmental and Agricultural Industries

Chitin is a universal biopolymer that is found in microbes, plants, fungi, the exoskeleton of insects, various species of algae, and bottom-feeding crustaceans. This (1–4)-linked N-acetyl-ß-D-glucosamine polysaccharide can be readily processed with simple chemical procedures without putting a species at risk. Chitin has garnered interest as an alternative substance that can be used in the medical, environmental, and agricultural sectors. Indeed, chitin′s unique nature of biocompatibility, being environmentally safe, and having innate water-solubility allows the polymer to be used in a wide range of applications. In this review, we discuss the possible applications of chitin in the medical, environmental, and agricultural sectors through an extensive search of the latest literature. Moreover, the following review summarizes and explores the new and current studies surrounding the practical uses of chitin to solve issues that are commonly induced by various chemicals which are invasive to the surrounding environment and species co-existing in that area.

SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND CYCLAZATION OF PYRAN USING Ag2O NANOPARTICLE FROM NATURAL SOURCE “GINGER”

This study was aimed to synthesis Ag2O nanoparticles (N.P.s) utilizing the Ginger plant (Zingiber officinale) extract. As catalysts for pyran derivatives formation employing a three-component coupling reaction among aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes, malononitrile, and dimedone. The nanoparticles exhibit robust catalytic activity with high productivity. Results revealed that Ag2O NPs improved various vital features, like higher yields, reaction time, simple chemical separation, catalytic economic efficiency, and quick process. This study aimed to cyclize heterocyclic compounds to provide new hetero compounds applying nano-oxides obtained from natural (unmanufactured) sources and used in several medical, pharmaceutical, and industrial implementations. The outcomes nanoparticles were examined by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and transmission electron microscopy (T.E.M.); the chemical characteristics of the outcome compounds were tested by spectroscopy techniques (FTIR spectroscopy and 1H-NMR).

Electronic properties and Pseudo-Electromagnetic Fields of Highly Conjugated Carbon Nanostructures

: In this communication we discuss the particular electronic and quantum properties from graphene and carbon allotropes to highly conjugated carbon chemical structures from recent research. Moreover, the chemical modifications of these types of materials were analyzed against the concept of their inert properties, thus identifying their surfaces could be modified to join different properties, functionalities, and couple electronic effects, among others. Their versatility was shown based on simple chemical reactions in controlled and targeted conditions of synthesis. Variable designs could be tuned from proof of concepts to functional materials for targeted applications. In addition, it was discussed a proof of concept for Electron Transfer (ET) applications to show their electronic properties. Finally, it was analyzed the use from highly conjugated chemical structures to higher hierarchical ordered carbon structures, carbon nanotubes, graphene and carbon allotropes in electron, and opto-responsive metamaterials. Thus, new insights into multi-modal characteristics of materials were discussed.

Lead Assays with Smartphone Detection Using a Monolithic Rod with 4-(2-Pyridylazo) Resorcinol

A monolithic rod of polyurethane foam–[4-(2-pyridylazo) resorcinol] (PUF–PAR) as a simple chemical sensor for lead assays with smartphone detection and image processing was developed. With readily available simple apparatus such as a plastic cup and a stirrer rod, the monolithic PUF rod was synthesized in a glass tube. The monolithic PUF–PAR rod could be directly loaded by standard/sample solution without sample preparation. A one-shot image in G/B value from a profile plot in ImageJ for a sample with triplicate results via a single standard calibration approach was obtained. A linear single standard calibration was: [G/B value] = −0.038[µg Pb2+] + 2.827, R2 = 0.95 for 10–30 µg Pb2+ with a limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 33 µg L−1. The precision was lower than 15% RSD. The proposed method was tested by an assay for Pb2+ contents in drinking water samples from Bangkok. The results obtained by the proposed method agree with those of ICP-OES and with 100–120% recovery, demonstrating that the method is useful for screening on-site water monitoring.

IMPLEMENTATION OF WATER SUPPLY SUPERVISION IN CLASS 1 PORT HEALTH OFFICE IN JUANDA AIRPORT WORKING AREA, SURABAYA

ABSTRACTThe provision of clean water in the Class 1 Surabaya Port Health Office is supervised in accordance with the existing regulations to identify sources that could potentially cause pollution and prevent the occurrence of illness caused by unstandardized water quality and unsafe water supply. This study aimed to describe the implementation of clean water supply supervision in the Class 1 Surabaya Port Health Office in the Juanda Airport working area, Surabaya. This was an observational study which analysis was descriptive in nature. The clean water was tested for physical, chemical, and microbiological parameters, and the results showed that the water quality was in accordance with the Regulation of the Indonesian Ministry of Health No. 416 of 1990 about the Terms and Monitoring of Water Quality. However, the result from the simple chemical inspection test of the water showed that it did not fulfil health standards i.e., the residual chlorine score not equal to 0 (zero). It is suggested that more attention and supervision are conducted by water management authorities to ensure the standard residual chlorine level of 0 (zero). Additionally, expired reagents or reagents that have already changed color should not be used as it will affect the parameters tested. Keywords: Quality of clean water, clean water supply facilities, water sampling process

Creation of an Anti-Inflammatory, Leptin-Dependent Anti-Obesity Celastrol Mimic with Better Druggability

Obesity is characterized by an excessive body mass, but is also closely associated with metabolic syndrome. And, so far, only limited pharmacological treatments are available for obesity management. Celastrol, a pentacyclic triterpenoid from a traditional Chinese medicine (Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f.), has shown remarkable potency against obesity, inflammation and cancer, but its high toxicity, low natural abundance and tedious chemical synthesis hindered its translation into clinics. In the present work, a triterpenoid library was screened for compounds with both high natural abundance and structural similarity to celastrol; from this library, glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), a compound present in extremely high yields in Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. ex DC., was selected as a possible scaffold for a celastrol mimic active against obesity. A simple chemical modification of GA resulted in GA-02, a derivative that suppressed 68% of food intake in diet-induced obesity mice and led to 26.4% weight loss in 2 weeks. GA-02 plays a role in obesity treatment by re-activating leptin signaling and reducing systemic and, more importantly, hypothalamic inflammation. GA-02 was readily bioavailable with unnoticeable in vitro and in vivo toxicities. The strategy of scaffold search and modification on the basis of bio-content and structural similarity has proved to be a green, economic, efficient and practical way of widening the medicinal applications of “imperfect” bioactive natural compounds.