On the Issue of Designing a System for Continuous Control of Road Materials Compaction for Pavers

The results of the research on the creation of an automatic compaction control system (ACCS) for pavers in real time are considered. The research is based on the methods of artificial neural networks (ANN). In this paper, an ANN model is obtained, with the help of which it is possible to determine the compaction coefficient (CC) of an asphalt mixture. The input variables of the ACCS are the velocity of movement of the paver, the frequency of impacts of the tamper, the force in the pusher of the tamper, the type of mixture, the thickness of the layer. The results of a computational experiment on the calculation of Cc in real time are presented. The ANN is able to explain more than 98 % of the measured data.

Optimization of Compaction Quality Control in the Core of Random Fillings within Linear Infrastructures: Application to Metamorphic Slate Fillings

The construction of random fillings from the excavation of medium hardness rocks, with high particle sizes, presents limitations in compaction control. This research applies new control techniques with revised test procedures in the construction of the random fillings core, which constitutes the main part of the embankment, with the bigger volume and provides the geotechnical stability to the infrastructure. The maximum thickness over each of the compacted layers researched that made up the random fillings was 800 mm. As there are many types of rocks, this research is applied to metamorphic slates. Quality control was carried out by applying new research associated with the revision of wheel impression test, topographic settlements, and plate bearing test (PBT). Thus, new test procedures are established, defining efficient thresholds. Comparisons make it possible to choose representative tests, avoiding duplication. The optimization of control reduces inspection times, ensuring quality adapted to the high construction efficiency of diggings. Traditionally, rocks were rejected due to their maximum size, underutilizing the use of high-quality materials. Promoting their utilization implies a better use of resources, and therefore, a higher environmental efficiency. A statistical analysis of the core of 16 slate random fillings was carried out, with a total of 2250 in situ determination of density and moisture content, 75 wheel impression tests, 75 topographic settlement controls, and 75 PBT. The strong associations found between different tests allowed to simplify the quality control.

Modifications for Optimization the Compaction Quality Control in Core Slate Random Filling Embankments for Linear Infrastructures

The construction of random fillings from the excavation of medium hardness rocks, with high particle sizes, presents limitations in compaction control. This research applies new control techniques with revised test procedures in the construction of the random fillings core, which constitutes the main part of the embankment, with the bigger volume and provides the geotechnical stability to the infrastructure. The maximum layer thickness researched was 800mm. As there are many types of rocks, this research is applied to metamorphic slates. Quality control has been carried out by applying new research associated with the revision of wheel impression test, topographic settlements and plate bearing test (PBT). A statistical analysis of the core of 16 slate random fillings has been carried out, with a total of 2250 in situ determination of density and moisture content, 75 wheel impression tests, 75 topographic settlement control and 75 PBT. The strong associations found between different tests have allowed to simplify the quality control.

Compaction control on diagenesis and reservoir quality development in red bed sandstones: a case study of Permian Rotliegend sandstones

Authigenic minerals formed during diagenesis in conjunction with compaction by burial have long been known to lead to porosity-loss of sandstones, and a subsequent deterioration in reservoir quality. The diagenetic impact on reservoir quality and permeability heterogeneity measured horizontal and vertical to bedding was characterized in three fluvio-eolian Lower Permian Rotliegend outcrops from the Flechtingen High, the northern Hesse Basin (both Germany) and the Vale of Eden (UK) using point-counting, polarized light-microscopy, helium pycnometry and permeability measurements. Results show significant porosity (10 to 35%) and permeability (0.01 to 10,000 mD) ranges largely independent of depositional environment. The major control on reservoir quality in Cornberg Sandstones are dolomite and siderite cementation in conjunction with illitization and illite and kaolinite cementation, leading together with quartz cementation to a mostly cemented IGV and poorest reservoir quality (avg. horizontal permeability: 0.96 mD). Flechtingen Sandstones are most intensely compacted due to the lack of significant early diagenetic cement phases and continuous illitic grain-to-grain coatings, which inhibited intense quartz cementation but enhanced chemical compaction at quartz grain contacts, resulting in intermediate reservoir quality (avg. horizontal permeability: 34.9 mD). Penrith Sandstones lack significant authigenic phases besides quartz due to carbonate dissolution during uplift. They show the least amount of detrital feldspars and clay minerals, leading to no major reservoir quality reduction by burial diagenetic clay mineral alterations, resulting in the highest reservoir quality (avg. horizontal permeability: 5900 mD). Additional results highlight higher horizontal to vertical permeability ratios kh/kv in less homogeneous sandstones of < 10 mD of 10, and in more homogenous, higher permeable sandstones > 1000 mD of 1. Although detrital and authigenic sample compositions vary throughout the studied areas, the general effect of grain coatings coverages on syntaxial cement inhibition and chemical compaction can be delineated. This study increases the understanding of porosity reduction in sandstones, as it confirms the necessity to differentiate between the illitic grain-to-grain coatings and illitic grain-to-IGV coatings. As a result, the enhancing effect of illite on chemical compaction on quartz grain-grain boundaries can be better constrained, as well as the effect of grain coatings on quartz cementation. This is relevant for reservoir quality and risk assessment in hydrocarbon and geothermal plays as well as in storage.