PERTUMBUHAN IKAN MAS DAN KIJING TAIWAN YANG DIPELIHARA PADA SISTEM RESIRKULASI

Abstrak Kegiatan budidaya ikan secara intensif berarti melakukan pemeliharaan ikan dengan padat penebaran yang tinggi dan pemberian pakan buatan. Selain itu membutuhkan kuantitas air yang cukup besar. Hal ini akan berdampak terhadap kualitas air yang buruk dan pertumbuhan dari organisme yang dibudidaya. Untuk mengatasi masalah yang dihadapi maka dilakukan budidaya ikan mas bersama kijing taiwan menggunakan sistem resirkulasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur pertumbuhan ikan mas dan kijing taiwan. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan percobaan dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari padat tebar ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio) 30 individu dan berat awal (20 gr) kemudian padat tebar kijing taiwan (Anodonta woodiana) 0, 20, 40, 60 individu dengan ukuran berat awal, (11 gr). Wadah percobaan yang digunakan adalah akurium dengan ukuran panjang 100 cm x lebar 50 cm x tinggi 50 cm sebanyak 12 buah. Masing-masing akuarium dilengkapi aerasi dan sistem resirkulasi, 3 buah bak tandon, 3 buah pompa (kapasitas 28000 l/jam), pipa pvc, jangka sorong, timbangan. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adanya penambahan bobot tubuh ikan mas selama pengamatan berbeda unutuk setiap perlakuan. Dan pertumbuhan yang baik pada perlakuan dengan padat tebar yang banyak, berdasarkan hasil analisa ragam terjadi perbedaan nyata antar perlakuan (P<0,05). Untuk pertumbuhan kijing taiwan terlihat adanya penambahan bobot tubuh pada setiap minggu, dan pertumbuhan yang baik pada perlakuan padat terbar yang banyak. Berdasarkan hasil analisa ragam terjadi perbedaan nyata antar perlakuan (P<0,05). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah adanya pertumbuhan ikan mas dan kijing taiwan yang baik dengan padat penebaran yang tinggi.

Analisis Scanning Electron Microscopy pada Nacre Sinanodonta (Anodonta) woodiana (Lea, 1834)

Chinese pond shell, Sinanodonta (Anodonta) woodiana (Lea, 1834), is a freshwater bivalve that has essential ecological and economic functions. The microstructure of the nacre is of great interest and is the main attraction for the development of pearl farming. This study aims to describe the microstructure and composition of biomineral elements of the nacre at several shell sizes of S. woodiana. The shell is cut with a small forcepon the ventral margin with a size of 3-5 mm for Scanning Electron Microscpy (SEM). SEM images display that a shell layer consists of periostracum, prismatic and nacre layers. The surface of the nacre layer is an irregular or labyrinth patterned. The nacre tablets are hexagonal, glued to each other, so the nacre tablets become polygonal. Moreover, the microstructure of the nacre tablets is like a brick wall, and the thickness of tablets from 0.43 μm to 0.59 μm. The composition of the biomineral elements are C, O, Ca, and the mineralization mechanism is under the control of aquatic environmental factors that help the process of microstructure formation in nacre.

The Distribution Pattern of Mollusks Has Economic Value Concerning Substrate Characteristics in Lake Maninjau

Lake Maninjau is one of the tectovulcanic type lakes in West Sumatra Province which is used as a food source in the presence of fauna groups such as mollusks. The main purpose of this study is to determine the distribution of mollusks concerning the substrate in Lake Maninjau. This research was conducted three times from March-September 2015 at seven points of the river estuary around Lake Maninjau. The result of the study shows that Corbicula moltkiana was mostly found at Pandan station, while Melanoides tuberculata and Anodonta woodiana were mostly found at Muko-Muko station. The distribution pattern of Corbicula moltkiana and Melanoides tuberculata shows a tendency to live in groups. The waters of the estuary around Lake Maninjau are dominated by sand with TN and TP concentrations ranged from 0.093 - 0.610 mg kg-1 and 0.427 - 2.137 mg kg-1, respectively.

GRANOLA BAR YANG DIFORTIFIKASI DENGAN PROTEIN DAGING KERANG SEBAGAI SNACK SEHAT BAGI ANAK BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS

Flour of Anodonta woodiana meat may be added in the manufacture of food products such as granola bar. The aim of addition is to increase the nutritional value on snacks needed by children with special needs through fortification. This research method was done by making products granola bar in three formulas: without the addition of shells flour, the addition of 2.8 gram, and 5.6 gram. Granola bar were made for consumption by children (7-9 years old) and teenager (10-18 years old). Tests performed included organoleptic test. The results of organoleptic test between three formulas of produced granola bar have different characteristics in flavor parameter. The results of the analysis of parameters of color, aroma, and flavor tested by analysis of variance software showed that the most preferred formula is the second formula with the addition 2.8 gram of mussel meat flour. This granola bar snack is a healthy snack that is safe for consumption by children with special needs, because it is made from ingredients that do not contain flavorings, dyes and artificial preservatives.

Molecular characterization of AwSox2 from bivalve Anodonta woodiana: Elucidating its player in the immune response

Sox2 is an embryonal stem cell Ag essential for early embryonic development, tissue homeostasis and immune regulation. In the current study, one complete Sox2 cDNA sequence was cloned from freshwater bivalve Anodonta woodiana and named AwSox2. Histological changes of testis derived from Bisphenol A (BPA) treatment were analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Expressions of AwSox2 derived from BPA, LPS and polyinosinic:polycytidylic (Poly I:C) challenge were measured by quantitative real-time PCR. The full-length cDNA of AwSox2 contained an open reading frame of 927 nucleotides bearing the typical structural features of Sox2 family. Obvious degeneration, irregular arrangement of spermatids, and clotted dead and intertwined spermatids were observed in BPA-treated groups. Administration of BPA could result in a dose-dependent up-regulation of AwSox2 expression in the male gonadal tissue of A. woodiana. In addition, expression of AwSox2 was significantly induced by LPS and Poly I:C treatment in the hepatopancreas, gill and hemocytes, compared with that of control group. These results indicated that up-regulations of AwSOx2 are closely related to apoptosis of spermatogonial stem cells derived from BPA treatment as well as enhancement of immune defense against LPS and Poly I:C challenge in A. woodiana.

Pertumbuhan Kijing Taiwan (Anodonta woodiana) dengan Perbedaan Substrat

Kijing Taiwan (Anodonta woodiana) is a freshwater mussels that have the potential to be cultivated commercially. This study was conducted to determine the growth of Kijing Taiwan with a difference substrate. The method used in this study is the experimental method using a completely randomized design 4 treatments and 3 replications. The results showed that the absolute growth and relative good growth found in sandy mud substrate. But statistically difference substrate no effect on the growth of Kijing Taiwan (Anodonta woodiana). Keywords : Anodonta woodiana, absolute growth, relative growth, substrate .

POTENSI NILAI GIZI TERHADAP BAHAYA LOGAM BERAT PADA KEONG MAS (Pomacea canaliculata) DAN KERANG KIJING (Anodonta woodiana)

Pomacea canaliculata and Anodonta woodiana are alternative foods for people who live in Kalibening Village, Pekalongan, Lampung Timur. They live as a filter feeder, so they can accumulate heavy metals Pb and Cd from their habitat potentially. This study aims to determine the effect of cooking method on the levels of Pb and Cd and the nutritional value of P. canaliculata and A. woodiana such as Ca and Protein. The variation of the cooking method that was used in this experiment is: steam, boil and fry with without processing, as a control. Based on the results of the study it is known that boiling is the best method in minimizing Pb and Cd from P. canaliculata and A. woodiana with an average reduction of 41.43% for Pb metal and 58.06% for Cd metal. While the average decrease in Ca levels was around 24.64% and 23.23% for the average reduction in protein.