Emotywny komponent znaczenia przymiotników negatywnie waloryzowanych w języku rosyjskim

The article analyses adjectives excerpted from a dictionary entitled Senses, Emotions and Adjectives of the Russian Language and evaluated by respondents as causing very unpleasant emotions (marked in the dictionary with three minuses). An attempt was made to delineate the emotive component of their meaning on the basis of data from dictionaries providing explanations, as well as those presenting associations, accompanied by contexts of their usage traced in the corpus. The data contributing to the analysis can be employed in order to reconstruct emotional images of the world and national cultural specificity of expressing emotions. Additionally, they can be used to scrutinize and shape emotional competence, while the methodology of delineating the emotive component of meaning with the use of affective expression and their associations can be employed in further research into emotive lexical items.

Emotion Regulation with Parents and Friends and Adolescent Internalizing and Externalizing Behavior

This study examined adolescents’ self-reported use of emotion regulation strategies with parents and friends in relation to internalizing and externalizing behavior. A total of 185 children aged 13–14 years old (91 girls, 94 boys) completed three surveys to assess their emotion regulation strategies with mothers, fathers and best friends. Parents completed surveys assessing adolescents’ internalizing and externalizing behavior. Regression analysis revealed that adolescents’ self-reported ER with mothers and fathers and friends made independent contributions to parent reports of youth internalizing and externalizing behavior. Adolescents who reported engaging in more emotion suppression with friends had higher internalizing scores, whereas adolescents who reported more affective expression with friends had lower internalizing scores. Self-reported emotion regulation strategies with mothers and fathers were unrelated to internalizing behavior. Adolescents who reported engaging in higher levels of affective suppression and cognitive reappraisal with their mothers and fathers had lower parental ratings of externalizing behavior. Emotion regulation strategies with best friends were unrelated to externalizing behavior.

The non-benzodiazepine anxiolytic etifoxine limits the sensory-affective expression of pain following streptozotocin-induced diabetic neuropathy

More than 450 million people worldwide suffer from diabetes, or 1 in 11 people. Chronic hyperglycemia degrades patients’ quality of life and the development of neuropathic pain contributes to the burden of this disease. In this study, we used the mouse model of streptozocin-induced diabetic type 1 neuropathy to assess the analgesic potential of etifoxine. Etifoxine is a prescribed anxiolytic that increases GABAAA receptor function through a direct positive allosteric modulation effect and, indirectly, by stimulating the production of endogenous GABAA receptor positive modulators such as allopregnanolone-type neurosteroids. We show that a curative or preventive treatment strongly and durably reduces mechanical hyperalgesia and anxiety in diabetic neuropathic mice. This analgesic and neuroprotective effect on painful symptoms and emotional comorbidities is promising and should now be clinically evaluated.

Developmental Differences in Emotional Representation Between Subcortical Structures and Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex

Behavioral data has found differences in how adults and children express affective experiences and information. However, the exact mechanisms which drive these differences have yet to be elucidated. One possible reason why adults and children may demonstrate observable differences is the representation of affect in key neurological structures. Fifty-seven participants (36 children; 21 adults) passively viewed positive, negative, and neutral clips from popular films while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging. Using representational similarity analysis to measure variability in neural pattern similarity, we found developmental differences between children and adults in the amygdala, nucleus accumbens, and ventromedial prefrontal cortex, such that children generated contrasting patterns between subcortical structures and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex; a phenomenon not replicated among their older counterparts. Furthermore, children generated valence-specific differences in representational patterns across regions while adults failed to demonstrate similar valence-specific responses. These results may suggest that affective representations grow increasingly dissimilar over development as individuals mature from visceral emotional responses to more evaluative analyses. Further research is required to determine whether these differences influence affective expression and behavior.

Remote or close? Notes on working psychoanalytically by videoconference

In a time of forced physical distancing due to the Covid-19 virus, psychotherapy has moved online, disrupting what some feel is essential to the process. For the individual therapy couple the author describes in this article, the teletherapy platform provided a frame in which deeper, earlier feelings came to light, not only in the new, initially unwanted therapy space, but between the patient and his wife outside it. One session, especially, made it apparent that one person's need for affect-attunement conflicted with the other's need for recognition of difference or separateness — arousing feelings of mutual betrayal of basic trust and rage between husband and wife. These were witnessed by the therapist who was able to work with what was taking place as an enactment of old trauma, unconsciously contributed to, but eventually reparative for both parties. Several sessions are presented before and after that pivotal one in which technical problems were collaboratively overcome by the therapeutic couple, providing useful metaphors for familiar, but previously insurmountable obstacles between the marital couple, as well as freeing up verbal and non-verbal affective expression and reflection in the virtual, but increasingly intimate consulting room.

The Value of the Rorschach Method in Clinical Assessment of Migraine Patients

Approximately 15% of the world’s population suffer from migraine. This affliction is recognized as one of the 20 leading causes of disability globally and therefore constitutes a public health problem. Psychological factors such as depression, anxiety, and stress are involved in migraine. However, mentalization abilities are considered a protective factor against physical illness. The last study of migraine in adults using the Rorschach test goes back to 2001 in Italy. We propose to update the data in a French sample comparing migraine patients ( N = 32) with standards focusing on the mentalizing factors defined by de Tychey, Diwo, and Dollander (2000) . The results highlight significant differences between migraine patient functioning in the Rorschach and the general population: There are few representations and affective expression is restricted. Migraine patients have difficulties to mentalize excitations. In conclusion, mentalization-based treatment could be a beneficial intervention for migraine patients.