ANALISIS KELAYAKAN BISNIS PENAMBAHAN INDUK IKAN NILA NIRWANA PADA POKDAKAN MINA NILA SARI PURWAKARTA

Mina Nila Sari Aquaculture Group is an aquaculture group at Legoksari Village, Purwakarta District. Pokdakan Mina Nila Sari have 30 members. Hatchery unit conditions with 43 broodfish packages can not fulfill the larvae demand yet. The purpose of this study was to formulate business development idea addition of broodfish Nirwana tilapia for larvae fulfillment at Mina Nila Sari Purwakarta Aquaculture Group and to analyze the feasibility of this business development study on marketing aspects, production aspects, organization and management aspects, collaboration aspects as non-financial sub aspect and to analysis financial aspect by using Incremental Net Benefit to determine incremental benefit on development business. In terms of analyzing the finansial aspect will be using investment criteria namely Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return, Net Benefit-Cost Ratio and Payback Period. The result of this study shows business development study addition of broodfish Nirwana tilapia for larvae fulfillment at Mina Nila Sari Purwakarta Aquaculture Group is feasible to “Go”. Calculation of Incremental Net Benefit shows this development business is profitable.

The incremental net benefit of lipid-lowering therapy with PCSK9 inhibitors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of cost-utility studies

Introduction: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 inhibitors (PCSK9i) are monoclonal antibodies that lower lipid levels by inhibiting PCSK9. Although several cardiovascular outcome trials reported beneficial clinical effectiveness of PCSK9i, the evidence on cost-effectiveness is mixed. We systematically reviewed the evidence on cost-effectiveness and synthesized incremental net benefit (INB) to quantify the pooled cost-effectiveness of PCSK9i lipid-lowering therapy. Methods: We systematically searched for full economic evaluation studies reporting outcomes of PCSK9 inhibitors compared with any other lipid-lowering pharmacotherapies. We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Tufts Registry for eligible studies up-to September 2020, adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline. We pooled the INB with a 95% confidence interval using a random-effects model. We assessed the Heterogeneity using the Cochrane-Q test and I2 statistic. We used the modified economic evaluations bias (ECOBIAS) checklist to evaluate the quality of the selected studies.Results: A total of 20 studies were eligible, mainly from high-income countries (HIC). The pooled INB of PCSK9i versus other lipid-lowering pharmacotherapies were estimated from n=21 comparisons; with high heterogeneity (I2=98.04). The INBp (95% CI) was US$ -46,665 (-196,203; 102,874), PCSK9i was found to be not cost-effective when compared with other standard therapies; however, this finding was not statistically significant. On subgroup analysis PCSK9i was significantly not cost-effective [US$ -25,686 (-26,085;-25,287), I2=0] compared to other lipid-lowering pharmacotherapies among HICs, with payers perspective [US$ -25,686 (-26,086;-25,287), I2=0] and with higher discount rates of 5% for cost [US$ -25,686 (-26,086;-25,287), I2=0]. The sensitivity analysis revealed the subgroup findings are not robust.Conclusion: PCSK9is’ are not cost-effective compared to other lipid-lowering pharmacotherapies in HICs. Further, current pieces of evidence are predominantly from HICs with largely lacking evidence from other economies. Prospero registration: ID CRD42020206043

Short Communication: Profitability of beekeeping using locally made transitional top bar beehive in Wolmera Woreda, Oromia Region, Ethiopia

Gobena WE. 2020. Short Communication: Profitability of beekeeping using locally made transitional top bar beehive in Wolmera Woreda, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Asian J Agric 4: 1-4. Beekeeping is an important source of livelihood and can be integrated with other agricultural activities. The objective of this study is to assess the profitability of beekeeping using locally built transitional topbar hive. Two-stage sampling procedure and stratified sampling technique used in the study. Primary and secondary data are collected analyzed using descriptive statistics and partial budgeting. The partial budgeting result reveals that beekeeping is profitable by using this hive with incremental net benefit of 462.12 ETB and the beekeepers increased their benefit from the hive by more than 2.9 fold by using this beehive as compared to traditional hive. The study concludes beekeeping with this hive can be profitable business for the marginal farmers who have little business capital and land resource. Moreover, income from a single bee colony at beekeeper’s backyard can be improved with minimum cost if this hive with its package used. The overall finding of this study mainly underlined the importance of extension support and technical back to the beekeepers to use this hive.

Cost-effectiveness of two long-lasting insecticidal nets delivery models in mass campaign in rural Mozambique

Objective The aim is to compare the cost-effectiveness of two long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) delivery models (standard vs new) in universal coverage (UC) campaigns in rural Mozambique. Results The total financial cost of delivering LLINs was US$ 231,237.30 and US$ 174,790.14 in the intervention (302,648 LLINs were delivered) and control districts (219,613 LLINs were delivered), respectively. The average cost-effectiveness ratio (ACER) per LLIN delivered and ACER per household (HH) achieving UC was lower in the intervention districts. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) per LLIN and ICER per HH reaching UC were US$ 0.68 and US$ 2.24, respectively. Both incremental net benefit (for delivered LLIN and for HHs reaching UC) were positive (intervention deemed cost-effective). Overall, the newer delivery model was the more cost-effective intervention. However, the long-term sustainability of either delivery models is far from guaranteed in Mozambique’s current economic context.

Cost-effectiveness of a video game versus live simulation for disaster training

IntroductionDisaster triage training for emergency medical service (EMS) providers is unstandardised. We hypothesised that disaster triage training with the paediatric disaster triage (PDT) video game ‘60 s to Survival’ would be a cost-effective alternative to live simulation-based PDT training.MethodsWe synthesised data for a cost-effectiveness analysis from two previous studies. The video game data were from the intervention arm of a randomised controlled trial that compared triage accuracy in a live simulation scenario of exposed vs unexposed groups to the video game. The live simulation and feedback data were from a prospective cohort study evaluating live simulation and feedback for improving disaster triage skills. Postintervention scores of triage accuracy were measured for participants via live simulations and compared between both groups. Cost-effectiveness between the live simulation and video game groups was assessed using (1) A net benefit regression model at various willingness-to-pay (WTP) values. (2) A cost-effectiveness acceptability curve (CEAC).ResultsThe total cost for the live simulation and feedback training programme was $81 313.50 and the cost for the video game was $67 822. Incremental net benefit values at various WTP values revealed positive incremental net benefit values, indicating that the video game is more cost-effective compared with live simulation and feedback. Moreover, the CEAC revealed a high probability (>0.6) at various WTP values that the video game is more cost-effective.ConclusionsA video game-based simulation disaster triage training programme was more cost-effective than a live simulation and feedback-based programme. Video game-based training could be a simple, scalable and sustainable solution to training EMS providers.

Cost-effectiveness of two long-lasting insecticidal nets delivery models in mass campaign in rural Mozambique

Objective The aim is to compare the cost-effectiveness of two long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) delivery models (standard vs. new) in universal coverage (UC) campaigns in rural Mozambique. Results The total financial cost of delivering LLINs was US$ 231,237.30 and US$ 174,790.14 in the intervention (302,648 LLINs were delivered) and control districts (219,613 LLINs were delivered), respectively. The average cost-effectiveness ratio (ACER) per LLIN delivered and ACER per household (HH) achieving UC was lower in the intervention districts. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) per LLIN and ICER per HH reaching UC were US$ 0.68 and US$ 2.24, respectively. Both incremental net benefit (for delivered LLIN and for HHs reaching UC) were positive (intervention deemed cost-effective). Overall, the newer delivery model was the more cost-effective intervention. However, the long-term sustainability of either delivery models is far from guaranteed in Mozambique’s current economic context.

Cost-effectiveness of two long-lasting insecticidal nets delivery models in mass campaign in rural Mozambique

Objective The aim is to compare the cost-effectiveness of two long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) delivery models (standard vs new) in universal coverage (UC) campaigns in rural Mozambique. Results The total financial cost of delivering LLINs was US$ 231,237.30 and US$ 174,790.14 in the intervention (302,648 LLINs were delivered) and control districts (219,613 LLINs were delivered), respectively. The average cost-effectiveness ratio (ACER) per LLIN delivered and ACER per household (HH) achieving UC was lower in the intervention districts. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) per LLIN and ICER per HH reaching UC were US$ 0.68 and US$ 2.24, respectively. Both incremental net benefit (for delivered LLIN and for HHs reaching UC) were positive (intervention deemed cost-effective). Overall, the newer delivery model was the more cost-effective intervention. However, the long-term sustainability of either delivery models is far from guaranteed in Mozambique’s current economic context.

Cost-effectiveness of two long-lasting insecticidal nets delivery models in mass campaign in rural Mozambique

Objective The aim is to compare the cost-effectiveness of two long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) delivery models (standard vs new) in universal coverage (UC) campaigns in rural Mozambique. Results The total financial cost of delivering LLINs was US$ 231,237.30 and US$ 174,790.14 in the intervention (302,648 LLINs were delivered) and control districts (219,613 LLINs were delivered), respectively. The average cost-effectiveness ratio (ACER) per LLIN delivered and ACER per household (HH) achieving UC was lower in the intervention districts. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) per LLIN and ICER per HH reaching UC were US$ 0.68 and US$ 2.24, respectively. Both incremental net benefit (for delivered LLIN and for HHs reaching UC) were positive (intervention deemed cost-effective). Overall, the newer delivery model was the more cost-effective intervention. However, the long-term sustainability of either delivery models is far from guaranteed in Mozambique’s current economic context.